RESUMO
The frequency of Pteromalidae species found in Diptera pupae that were collected from cattle dung in Panamá, State of Goiás, Brazil, between May and December 2003 was studied. The pupae were obtained by the flotation method and were individually placed in gelatin capsules until the emergence of the adult flies or their parasitoids. The overall percentage of parasitism was 14.7%. The percentage of parasitism presented by the parasitoids Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani), Spalangia cameroni Perkins, Spalangia drosophilae Ashmead , Spalangia endius Walker, Spalangia nigra Latrielle and Spalangia nigroaenea Curtis were 1.7%, 1.4%, 2.4%, 0.7%, 2.4% and 6.1%, respectively.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Doenças Parasitárias/epidemiologia , Parasitos/isolamento & purificação , Fezes/parasitologia , BovinosRESUMO
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Shigatoxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) and STEC serogroups O157, O111 and O113 in feces, water and milk sampled in dairy farms in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. Feces (n=454), water (n=54) and milk samples (n=30) were collected from 10 herds and assessed for the presence of the virulence genes stx1, stx2 and eae by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All stx and eae positive samples were submitted to a second PCR reaction targeting the sequences rfb O157, rfb O111 and rfb O113. High prevalence of stx was detected (59.9%) in fecal samples, whereas the prevalence of sequences rfb O157, rfb O111 and rfb O113 was 18.9%, 3.3% and 30.4%, respectively. All sequences were detected more frequently in calves and heifers. Sequences stx2 and eae were prevalent in the fecal samples. stx sequences were detected in 1.9% and 3.3% of water and milk samples, respectively. Low prevalence of E. coli O113 was observed in water samples, whereas no E. coli O157 or E. coli O111 was detected. Furthermore, none of the serogroups were identified in milk samples. STEC was identified in all herds (100%), and serogroups O157, O111 and O113 were observed in 40%, 50% and 90% of the herds, respectively. In conclusion, the high STEC prevalence detected in dairy herds evidences that bovine feces might play an important role as a contamination source in the region of Jaboticabal, Brazil.
Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência de Escherichia coli Shigatoxigênicas dos sorogrupos O157, O111 e O113 em bovinos leiteiros, água e leite de propriedades rurais do Município de Jaboticabal/SP. Para isso, foram colhidas 454 amostras de fezes, 54 amostras de água e 30 amostras de leite e pesquisada a presença de seqüências stx1, stx2 e eae pela reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Todas as amostras stx e/ eae positivas foram submetidas a uma nova reação de PCR para detecção das seqüências rfb O157, rfb O111 e rfb O113. Uma alta ocorrência (59,9%) de stx foi detectada nas fezes dos bovinos. Os coeficientes de prevalência das seqüências rfb O157, O111 e O113 nas fezes dos bovinos foram, respectivamente, 18,9%, 3,3% e 30,4%. Todas as seqüências foram encontradas com maior freqüência em bezerros e novilhas. As seqüências eae e stx2 foram as mais detectadas entre as amostras de fezes. Foram detectados 1,9% e 3,3% de seqüências stx na água e no leite, respectivamente. Nas amostras de água observou-se uma baixa prevalência de O113 e não foram detectadas O157 e O111. Nenhum dos sorogrupos pesquisados foi encontrado nas amostras de leite. STEC foram identificadas em todos os rebanhos (100%) e os sorogrupos O157, O111 e O113 foram observados em 40,0%, 50,0% e 90,0% dos rebanhos. Conclui-se que a prevalência de STEC em fezes de bovino, no Município de Jaboticabal/SP é alta, caracterizando-a como importante via de contaminação ambiental para esses microrganismos.
RESUMO
This study had the objective of determining the species of microhimenopterous in pupae of Diptera present in cattle dung, collected in the county of Itumbiara, GO, Cachoeira Dourada, GO and Panamá, GO, from January 1998 to June 2004. The dipterous pupae were obtained by the flotation method. They were individually placed in gelatin capsules until the emergence of the flies and/or their parasitoids. The overall prevalence of parasitism was 7.36%. The species more frequent were: Spalangia drosophilae Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) with 30.8% e Triplasta atrocoxalis Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) with 16.2%.
Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar as espécies de microhimenópteros parasitóides em pupas de Diptera presentes em fezes bovinas, coletadas nos municípios de Itumbiara, Cachoeira Dourada, e Panamá, GO, no período de janeiro de 1998 a junho de 2004. As pupas dos dípteros foram isoladas pelo método de flotação, individualizadas em cápsulas de gelatina até a emergência das moscas e/ou dos seus parasitóides. A porcentagem total de parasitismo observada foi de 7,36%. As espécies mais freqüentes foram: Spalangia drosophilae Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) com 30,8% e Triplasta atrocoxalis Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) com 16,2%.
RESUMO
This paper reports, for the first time, the occurrence of the parasite Spalangia drosophilae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) in pupae of Archisepsis scabra (Diptera: Sespsidae) found in cow manure in the municipality of Cachoeira Dourada, GO, Brazil (18º29´S and 49º´W). Manure samples, collected at two-week intervals, were taken to the laboratory, and the pupae were extracted by water flotation. Each pupa was placed in capsules of colorless gelatin until the emergence of adult flies or their parasites. The parasitism prevalence was 5.7%.