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The most important ionic precursor of gold, [AuCl4]-, is used in aqueous solution leading to chlorohydroxoaurates species, [AuCl4-x(OH)x]- (x = 1-4) due to partial hydrolysis. Their UV spectral signatures are still relatively unknown though very useful in many domains of application. Individual spectra of each of them are determined for the first time thanks to a thorough experimental investigation comprising the range 200-250 nm, surpringly ignored up to now. New isosbestic points useful for species partition analysis are evidenced. Electronic transition attribution is obtained from quantum chemical calculations based on TD-DFT. The prediction of the experimental blueshifted bands of the [AuCl4-x(OH)x]-1 anions was possible only after applying energy corrections calibrated on the full UV range two-band spectrum of the [AuCl4]- complex.

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Consistent with reporting standards for structural equation modelling (SEM), model fit should be evaluated at two different levels, global and local. Global fit concerns the overall or average correspondence between the entire data matrix and the model, given the parameter estimates for the model. Local fit is evaluated at the level of the residuals, or differences between observed and predicted associations for every pair of measured variables in the model. It can happen that models with apparently satisfactory global fit can nevertheless have problematic local fit. This may be especially true for relatively large models with many variables, where serious misspecification is indicated by some larger residuals, but their contribution to global fit is diluted when averaged together with all the other smaller residuals. It can be challenging to evaluate local fit in large models with dozens or even hundreds of variables and corresponding residuals. Thus, the main goal of this tutorial is to offer suggestions about how to efficiently evaluate and describe local fit for large structural equation models. An empirical example is described where all data, syntax and output files are freely available to readers.

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Due to sanctions, more Chinese high-tech SMEs are turning to rent AI computing power through cloud service providers. Therefore, it is necessary to give a variety of suggestions for China's high-tech SMEs to better develop AI applications through computing power leasing. Because traditional theories are difficult to explain this new technology adoption behavior, this research combines and extends TTF and UTAUT2 theories to take an empirical research. A total of 387 questionnaires were received, of which incomplete questionnaires and invalid questionnaires were issued, leaving 281 valid questionnaires. The results indicate that SME innovativeness, perceived risk, performance expectancy, price value and task technology fit are all significantly related to usage, whereas task technology fit moderates the other relationships significantly. Results give a variety of suggestions for China's high-tech SMEs to better develop AI applications through computing power leasing in the context of sanctions. This study not only suggests ways to increase the competitiveness of SMEs by optimizing leasing services but also give directions in investors' investment decisions. The findings are also applicable to the large-scale application of China's domestic AI chips in computing power leasing scenarios in the future.

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In educational and psychological assessments, benefiting from back random response (BRR) is a major type of rapid guessing in misfitting item score patterns. Person-fit statistics (PFS) based on cumulative sum (CUSUM) and change point analysis (CPA) from statistical process control (SPC) are better than other PFS for detecting aberrant response. In this study, we developed new person-fit statistics based on three algorithms from CPA procedure and CUSUM method for detection of person misfit with dichotomous or polytomous items. By means of simulated data, the effectiveness of the new statistics to detect test-takers with BRR was investigated.

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This paper focuses on recent advances in research on strategies that support self-control in everyday life. No one strategy or set of strategies appears to be effective at all times and in all situations. To understand effective self-control, we must expand our understanding of how strategies fit the situation and the person. To this end, we propose researching unexplored aspects of situations, how self-control strategies develop in the first place, and the role of emotion regulation in self-control strategy effectiveness. We also highlight methodological blind spots and offer ways to correct them and introduce new methodological approaches to best capture self-control strategies in everyday life.

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INTRODUCTION: While early generations of cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA) had inferior outcomes compared to cemented TKA, modern cementless designs have offered excellent clinical results. The purpose of this study was to compare patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and early aseptic revision rates of a specific cementless TKA design featuring a two-pegged tibia to that of its cemented counterpart. METHODS: A retrospective case series of all cementless and cemented TKAs utilizing a single design performed at a single, high-volume academic center was performed. Institutional review board (IRB) approval was obtained. All cases were performed between November 2018 and March 2022. A minimum one-year follow-up was required. Demographics, complications, and reoperation/revision data were collected. Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) were collected at one-year follow-up. Radiographic review was performed for cementless TKAs that were revised or had PROMs < 1 standard deviation (SD) ("poor performers") or had PROMs > 1 SD ("high performers") below or above the mean, respectively. RESULTS: There were 329 cementless and 349 cemented TKAs included. Mean follow-up was 1.9 years and 2.6 years for cementless and cemented cohorts, respectively. There were no statistical PROM differences between the two cohorts. There was no statistical difference in aseptic revision rates between the cohorts (4.0% cementless versus 1.7% cemented, P = 0.078); however, there was a higher rate of tibial aseptic loosening in the cementless cohort (2.7% cementless versus 0% cemented, P = 0.002). The mean time to revision for aseptic tibial loosening was 17.6 months. There was no statistical difference in radiolucencies between "poor performers" and "high performers." CONCLUSION: When compared to its cemented counterpart, the cementless TKA that was reintroduced in 2018 had similar one-year PROMs, but a higher rate of early tibial loosening (2.7 versus 0.0%, P = 0.002).

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Two-dimensional (2D) egg-shape equations are potent mathematical tools, facilitating the description of avian egg geometries in their applied mathematical modelling and poultry science implementations. They aid in the precise quantification of avian egg sizes, including traits such as volume (V) and surface area (S). Despite their potential, however, polar coordinate egg-shape equations have received relatively little attention for practical applications in oomorphology. This may be attributed to their complex model structure and the absence of explicit geometric interpretations for the equation parameters. In the present study, 2 distinct polar equations, namely the Carter-Morley Jones equation (CMJE) and simplified Gielis equation (SGE), were used to fit the profile geometries of 415 domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica) eggs based on nonlinear least squares regression methods. The adequacy of goodness-of-fit for each nonlinear egg-shape equation was evaluated through the adjusted root-mean-square error (RMSEadj), while relative curvature measures of nonlinearity were utilized to assess the nonlinear behavior of equations. All of the RMSEadj values of the 2 polar equations were lower than 0.05, which demonstrated the validity of CMJE and SGE in depicting the shapes of C. livia egg profiles. Moreover, the 2 egg-shape equations showed good nonlinear behavior across all 415 C. livia eggs. Wilcoxon signed rank tests relative to RMSEadj values between CMJE and SGE revealed that CMJE displayed inferior fits to empirical data when compared to SGE. CMJE, however, had a better linear approximation performance than SGE at the global level. At the individual parameter level, all of the parameters of CMJE or SGE exhibited good close-to-linear behavior. This study provides an instrumental mathematical tool for the practical application of polar egg-shape equations, such as nondestructively estimating V and S of avian eggs. Additionally, it offers valuable insights into assessing nonlinear regression models for accurately describing the geometries of 2D egg profiles.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the fit of metal-ceramic three-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM) and 3D-printed casting pattern (CP) and to compare the effect of tooth type and ceramic veneering on marginal and internal gaps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients requiring posterior three-unit FDPs were selected. For each subject, two FDPs were fabricated using SLM and CP. Silicon replica was used to measure the internal and marginal fit of frameworks before and after ceramic veneering. For each replica, 36 measurements were performed using a stereomicroscope: 4 marginal and 32 internal (4 deep chamfers, 12 axial, 4 axio-occlusal, and 12 occlusal). Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and paired t-test. RESULTS: A total of 44 metal-ceramic FDPs were fabricated in 22 patients. The results showed that the fabrication method had no significant effect on the marginal, deep chamfer, or occlusal gaps. However, the method significantly affected the axial, axio-occlusal, and total internal fit, and the SLM had larger gaps than the CP. For the effect of ceramic veneering, measurements were significantly higher in the CP group at all gaps, except for the premolar axial and molar occlusal gaps. The SLM fit was less affected by ceramic veneering. Only premolar gaps significantly increased at the marginal, deep chamfer, and axial and axio-occlusal positions. CONCLUSION: Metal-ceramic FDPs fabricated using SLM and CP techniques provided a similar marginal fit. Premolars had smaller discrepancies compared to molars. The ceramic veneering process increased the gap of the prostheses, with SLM being less affected by ceramic veneering.

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The originally identified transcription-defective fitA76 temperature-sensitive (Ts) mutation defined an allele of pheS. Both fitA/pheS and fitB/pheT were previously proposed to function as transcription factors. Sequencing pheS region of the fitA76 mutant revealed the same G293→A293 transition found in the translation-defective pheS5 mutant. It was subsequently found that fitA76 harbored a second mutation (fit95) in addition to pheS5 mutation. The fit95 was found to be Ts on -salt media but was found unstable. In this investigation, genetic, physiological and molecular characterization of the fit95 mutation was carried out. The fit95 was genetically re-separated from the pheS5 mutation present in the fitA76 mutant and the same was subsequently mobilized into multiple genetic backgrounds to study its phenotypic modulations by altering the medium and supplements. Based on genetic studies, the unstable -salt Ts phenotype of the fit95 could be stabilized by the presence of rpoB201 mutation. Addition of glucose enhanced Ts phenotype in the presence of rpoB201 mutation, but citrate completely alleviated the Ts phenotype. Further, by series of complementation analyses and molecular cloning, the identity of fit95 was revealed as pheT gene which is part of pheST operon.

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PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of finishing and polishing techniques on the fit accuracy, metal loss, and surface roughness of conventional versus CAD-CAM removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 3D-printed maxillary Kennedy class III modification I model served as the master cast. Forty impressions (20 conventional and 20 digital) were divided into four groups: lost-wax technique (Group I: LWT), CAD-printed (Group II: CAD-RP), CAD-printed from a stone cast (Group III: CAD-RPS), and lost-wax technique from resin-printed models (Group IV: LWTR). Various finishing and polishing techniques were applied, followed by digital scanning for fit accuracy assessment using surface matching software. Metal thickness loss and surface roughness were evaluated pre- and post-finishing and polishing. The Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Scheffe post-hoc test were conducted to evaluate the fit accuracy between groups (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Color mapping revealed significant differences (p < 0.001) between conventionally casted RPD frameworks and 3D-printed groups post-finishing and polishing. The most significant gap was observed with the guide plates from printed RPD frameworks. The D-Lyte technique resulted in less metal loss compared to the conventional finishing and polishing technique (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, conventionally processed RPD groups exhibited better overall fit accuracy post-finishing and polishing. Both conventional cast and 3D-printed RPD frameworks showed clinically acceptable fit accuracy. The D-Lyte technique presented less metal loss and smoother surfaces compared to other groups, suggesting it as a viable alternative.

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With the rapid development of new energy and smart technology, the demand for inter-device communication in medium-low-voltage smart distribution grids has sharply increased, leading to a surge in the variety and quantity of communication services. To meet the needs of diverse and massive communication services, deploying service function chains to flexibly combine virtual resources has become crucial. This paper proposes an optimization method based on fit entropy and network utility to address the limited communication network resources in medium-low-voltage smart distribution grids. This was conducted by modeling the distribution grid as a three-domain model consisting of a service domain, a logical domain, and a physical domain and transforming it into a hierarchical bipartite hypergraph-matching problem, which is a complex combinatorial optimization problem. This paper introduces two matching optimization algorithms: "business domain-logic domain-physical domain integration" and "service domain-logic domain, logic domain-physical domain two-stage", which effectively address this problem based on fit entropy and utility. The simulation results demonstrate that these algorithms significantly improve service success rates and resource utilization, enhancing overall network utility.

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Robust associations of self-control with successful goal pursuit have been amply demonstrated. Much less is known about the psychological processes that occur when people grapple with self-control conflicts and that may contribute to successful goal pursuit. Influenced by the neighboring fields of emotion regulation and coping, self-regulatory flexibility has been identified as one of such potential processes. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of selected models of regulatory flexibility, empirical evidence on associations with self-regulatory success, and to identify avenues for future research.

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OBJECTIVES: To digitally evaluate the trueness and fit of additively and subtractively manufactured fixed complete dentures in materials intended for definitive use. METHODS: An edentulous maxillary model with implants at the left first molar, left canine, right canine, and right first molar site was digitized and a fixed complete denture was designed. This design was used to fabricate fixed dentures in an additively manufactured resin for definitive use (AM), a high-impact polymer composite (SM-CR), and a strength gradient zirconia (SM-ZR) (n = 10). Each fixed denture was digitized and the surface (overall, occlusal, except occlusal, and abutments), linear, and interimplant distance deviations were analyzed. The fit was assessed with the triple-scan protocol. Data were analyzed with Welch analysis of variance and Games-Howell tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: SM-ZR led to lower overall deviations than AM, which had the highest occlusal and the lowest abutments deviations (P ≤ 0.007). SM-ZR had the lowest occlusal and SM-CR had the highest except occlusal deviations (P ≤ 0.002). AM mostly had higher linear and SM-CR mostly had higher interimplant distance deviations (P ≤ 0.043). AM led to the highest marginal gap at the left canine site, while SM-CR had the highest and SM-ZR had the lowest gaps at the right canine site (P ≤ 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: SM-ZR dentures mostly had trueness and marginal fit similar to or better than the other groups. Tested fixed complete dentures were mostly smaller than the design file in terms of interimplant distances.

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Background: Achieving optimal marginal fit is essential for the success of Virgilite Based Lithium Disilicate Ceramic crowns. Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, we compared the marginal fit of Virgilite Based Lithium Disilicate Ceramic crowns using two different CAD/CAM scanners, powder free (System A, Omnicam) and powder based (System B, Blue cam). Results: The mean marginal gap for System A was found to be 63.5 µm (standard deviation ± 10.2 µm), while for System B, it was 57.8 µm (standard deviation ± 9.8 µm). System B demonstrated a slightly superior marginal fit compared to System A, with a difference of 5.7 µm. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that both Omnicam and Blue cam produced clinically acceptable marginal fit of Virgilite Based Lithium Disilicate Ceramic crowns. However, Blue cam exhibited a slightly better marginal fit compared to Omnicam. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate these findings.

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Background: In the realm of fixed prosthodontics, the transition from conventional to digital impressions has been a subject of ongoing debate. This study aims to provide a comparative analysis of digital versus conventional impressions in terms of accuracy and efficiency. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients requiring fixed prosthodontic treatment were selected for this study. Each patient received both digital and conventional impressions. The digital impressions were obtained using an intraoral scanner, while conventional impressions were taken using polyvinyl siloxane material. The impressions were then used to fabricate fixed prostheses for each patient. Accuracy was assessed through measurement of marginal fit using a standardized technique, and efficiency was evaluated based on time taken for impression procedures. Results: The mean marginal discrepancy for digital impressions was found to be 38 micrometers (±5), whereas for conventional impressions, it was 45 micrometers (±7). Additionally, the average time taken for digital impressions was 12 minutes, compared to 20 minutes for conventional impressions. Conclusion: Digital impressions demonstrated superior accuracy and efficiency compared to conventional impressions in fixed prosthodontics.

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BACKGROUND: Preoperative prediction of the acetabular cup press-fit stability in total hip arthroplasty is necessary for clinical decision-making. This study aims to establish and validate machine learning models to investigate the feasibility of predicting the intraoperative press-fit stability of the acetabular cup in total hip arthroplasty (THA). METHODS: 226 patients who underwent primary THA from 2018 to 2022 in our hospital were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into press-fit stable or unstable groups according to the intraoperative pull-out test of the implanted cup. Then, they were randomly assigned to the training or test cohort in an 8:2 ratio. We used 3Dslicer software to segment the region of interest (ROI) of the patient's bilateral hip X-ray to extract radiomics features. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used in our feature selection. Finally, four machine learning models were employed in this study, including support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), logistic regression (LR), and XGBoost (XGB). Decision curve analysis (DCA), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the models were plotted. The area under the curve (AUC), diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated as well. The AUCs of the four models were compared using the DeLong test. RESULTS: Twenty-seven valuable radiomics features were determined by dimensionality reduction and selection. Regarding to the DeLong test, the AUC of the XGB model was significantly different from those of the other three models. (p < 0.05). Among all models, the XGB model exhibited the best performance with an AUC of 0.823 (95 % CI: 0.711-0.919) in the test cohort and showed optimal clinical efficacy according to the DCA. CONCLUSION: Machine learning models based on X-ray radiomics can accurately predict the intraoperative press-fit stability of implanted cups preoperatively, providing surgeons with valuable information to lower the complication risk in THA.

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BACKGROUND: Faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) is widely used in bowel screening programmes and assessing symptomatic patients for suspected colorectal cancer (CRC). The evidence for single test performance of FIT in both settings is considerable; however, the use of a repeat test to increase sensitivity remains uncertain. We aimed to review what increase in test positivity would be generated by additional FITs, whether a repeated FIT detects previously missed CRC and advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACRN), and to estimate the sensitivity of double-FIT strategies to diagnose CRC and ACRN. METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) was performed using key search terms. Studies reporting the use of more than one FIT in the same screening round or planned assessment of a single symptomatic patient episode were included. Studies were categorised by the reported study population into asymptomatic, mixed (cohorts of combined asymptomatic, symptomatic, or high-risk surveillance), or symptomatic cohorts. RESULTS: A total of 68 studies were included for analysis (39 asymptomatic, 21 mixed, 7 symptomatic, and 1 study with discrete asymptomatic and symptomatic data). At a threshold of 10 µg Hb/g, the two-test positivity ranged between 8.1 and 34.5%, with an increase from the second test of 3-9.2 percentage points. Four out of five studies comparing one versus two tests for diagnosing CRC at 10 µg Hb/g identified additional cases with the second test, with a minimum of 50% reduction in missed CRC. At a threshold of 20 µg Hb/g, the second test increased the positivity by 1.3-6.7 percentage points, with a two-test positivity of between 5.1 and 25.0%. Using a threshold of 20 µg Hb/g, five out of seven studies had a 25% reduction in missed CRC. A meta-analysis estimated the double-FIT sensitivity at 10 µg Hb/g for CRC in mixed-risk and symptomatic cohorts to be 94% and 98%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated use of FIT helps to diagnose more cases of CRC with a moderate increase in positivity. A double-FIT strategy at 10 µg Hb/g in mixed and symptomatic cohorts has a very high sensitivity for CRC.

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INTRODUCTION: Radial head arthroplasty (RHA) is performed with increasing frequency for reconstruction of comminuted radial head fractures. Implants can be categorized by stem design, either loose fit or press fit. Currently, the RHA literature does not suggest one implant type is superior to another based on revision and reoperation rates, although most RHA outcome studies have small numbers of patients with few events to detect a difference. This study evaluated the association between stem design and risk of revision and reoperation after RHA. METHODS: 1575 patients aged ≥18 years who underwent primary RHA within a US-based healthcare system were identified (2009-2021). Revision following the index RHA was the primary outcome of interest; ipsilateral reoperation was a secondary outcome. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to evaluate the risk of outcomes by loose versus press fit with the adjustment for race/ethnicity, ASA classification, region, surgeon RHA volume, and simultaneous ipsilateral extremity procedures. RESULTS: Of the 1575 RHA, 681 (43.2%) received a loose fit stem. The cumulative revision probability was 2.6% for loose fit and 3.5% for press fit. In adjusted analysis, we did not observe a difference in risk of revision (HR=0.78, 95% CI=0.41-1.46) or reoperation (HR=0.73, 95% CI=0.43-1.25). Additionally, there were no observed differences in risk of revision (HR=0.62, 95% CI=0.28-1.38) or reoperation (HR=0.90, 95% CI=0.48-1.71) in the patient subgroup who underwent additional procedures in the same extremity at the time of RHA. CONCLUSION: In this large multi-center cohort of 1575 primary RHA, we did not observe a difference in risk of revision or reoperation following RHA based upon stem design. The choice between using an implant with a loose or press fit stem may be based more on surgeon familiarity, implant availability and cost, and ease of use.

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PURPOSE: Health is an intrinsic goal strongly related to individuals's well-being. Many individuals make efforts to achieve their health goals through different means. Based on the health regulatory focus theory, we proposed a health regulatory fit effect to understand individuals's health behaviors, and further examined the moderating role of scarcity mindset on these relationships. DESIGN: Using a two-wave longitudinal design, our research recruited a sample of 453 adult participants (350 Women, Age = 20.39 ± 2.30 Years) from China via an online survey platform. RESULTS: The results indicated that health individuals with health promotion-focus were more likely to exercise, whereas those with health prevention-focus were more inclined to prefer a healthy diet. Notably, such effect was moderated by scarcity mindset. Specifically, individuals with low promotion-focus were more susceptible to the impact of scarcity mindset, thus exhibiting less health-promoting behaviors. CONCLUSION: This research suggested a health regulatory fit effect for two health behaviors. Intriguingly, our findings reveal an asymmetric impact of the scarcity mindset on this fit effect. These results hold significant implications for developing health promotion strategies to mitigate the negative impact of scarcity mindset on healthy behaviors.

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There is no multi-country/multi-language study testing a-priori multivariable associations between non-modifiable/modifiable factors and validated wellbeing/multidimensional mental health outcomes before/during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, studies during COVID-19 pandemic generally do not report on representative/weighted non-probability samples. The Collaborative Outcomes study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times (COH-FIT) is a multi-country/multi-language survey conducting multivariable/LASSO-regularized regression models and network analyses to identify modifiable/non-modifiable factors associated with wellbeing (WHO-5)/composite psychopathology (P-score) change. It enrolled general population-representative/weighted-non-probability samples (26/04/2020-19/06/2022). Participants included 121,066 adults (age=42±15.9 years, females=64 %, representative sample=29 %) WHO-5/P-score worsened (SMD=0.53/SMD=0.74), especially initially during the pandemic. We identified 15 modifiable/nine non-modifiable risk and 13 modifiable/three non-modifiable protective factors for WHO-5, 16 modifiable/11 non-modifiable risk and 10 modifiable/six non-modifiable protective factors for P-score. The 12 shared risk/protective factors with highest centrality (network-analysis) were, for non-modifiable factors, country income, ethnicity, age, gender, education, mental disorder history, COVID-19-related restrictions, urbanicity, physical disorder history, household room numbers and green space, and socioeconomic status. For modifiable factors, we identified medications, learning, internet, pet-ownership, working and religion as coping strategies, plus pre-pandemic levels of stress, fear, TV, social media or reading time, and COVID-19 information. In multivariable models, for WHO-5, additional non-modifiable factors with |B|>1 were income loss, COVID-19 deaths. For modifiable factors we identified pre-pandemic levels of social functioning, hobbies, frustration and loneliness, and social interactions as coping strategy. For P-scores, additional non-modifiable/modifiable factors were income loss, pre-pandemic infection fear, and social interactions as coping strategy. COH-FIT identified vulnerable sub-populations and actionable individual/environmental factors to protect well-being/mental health during crisis times. Results inform public health policies, and clinical practice.