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Introduction: This article describes an unusual case of perianal Paget's Disease in a 42-year-old man, highlighting distinct characteristics about more typical cases. Case report: 42-year-old male patient with persistent perianal lesion, recurrent abscesses, and discomfort. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated a possible fistulous path. Biopsy revealed secondary anal Paget's disease and adenocarcinoma. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment demonstrated a positive response. Discussion: Perianal Paget's Disease is a rare condition of the anal canal that is part of the Extramammary Paget's Disease (EMPD) group. Symptoms include itching, pain, perianal bleeding, and skin lesions. Diagnosis can be challenging and usually involves performing a histopathological biopsy associated with an immunohistochemical study. Treatment varies and may involve surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Due to the rarity of the disease, the best therapeutic approach is not yet well defined, and follow-up is essential due to the risk of recurrence. Conclusion: Perianal Paget's Disease is rare and requires differentiation from other conditions. Early detection is essential to prevent malignancy. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Adenocarcinoma , Doença de Paget Extramamária/diagnóstico , Neoplasias das Glândulas Anais , Doença de Paget Extramamária/terapiaRESUMO
RESUMEN La enfermedad de Paget extramamaria (EPEM) perianal es un adenocarcinoma intraepitelial del margen anal de muy baja frecuencia. La forma primaria representa una neoplasia de origen apocrino, mientras que la forma secundaria representa una diseminación pagetoide de una neoplasia maligna en general anorectal. Debido a su similitud clínica con otras patologías de presentación frecuente, se requiere de un alto índice de sospecha para diagnosticarla. La resección quirúrgica amplia o la cirugía micrográfica de Mohs se considera comúnmente el pilar del tratamiento con altas tasas de recurrencia. Estudios previos han demostrado buena respuesta en la EPEM vulvar con imiquimod 5% en crema, pero su eficacia no ha sido bien descrita en la afectación perianal. En este artículo presentamos un caso de EPEM perianal primario con sobreinfección con HPV, al que se le indicó tratamiento tópico con imiquimod.
ABSTRACT Perianal extramammary Paget disease is a very low frequency intraepithelial adenocarcinoma of the anal margin. The primary form represents a neoplasm of apocrine origin, while the secondary form represents a pagetoid spread of a generally anorectal malignant neoplasm. Due to its clinical similarity with other pathologies with frequent presentation, a high index of suspicion is required to diagnose it. Wide surgical resection or Mohs micrographic surgery is commonly considered the mainstay of treatment with high recurrence rates. Previous studies have shown a good response in vulvar extramammary Paget disease with imiquimod 5% cream, but its efficacy has not been well described in perianal involvement. In this article we present a case of primary perianal extramammary Paget disease with HPV superinfection, which received topical treatment with imiquimod.
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BACKGROUND: Vulvar extramammary Paget disease is a rare chronic condition, that presents with non-specific symptoms such as pruritus and eczematous lesions. Because most of these lesions are noninvasive, the distinction between primary and secondary Paget disease is crucial to management. CASE PRESENTATION: We report an unusual case of vulvar Paget disease associated with massive dermal vascular embolization, cervicovaginal involvement and metastasis to inguinal and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. The intraepithelial vulvar lesion had a classical appearance and was accompanied by extensive component of dermal lymphovascular tumor emboli, similar to those observed in inflammatory breast carcinoma. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the lesion was secondary to high-grade urothelial cell carcinoma. The patient had a history of superficial low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, which had appeared 2 years before the onset of vulvar symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Eczematoid vulvar lesions merit careful clinical examination and biopsy, including vulva mapping and immunohistochemistry. The information obtained may help to define and classify a particular presentation of Paget disease. Noninvasive primary lesions do not require the same aggressive approaches required for the treatment of invasive and secondary disease.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células de Transição/patologia , Embolia/etiologia , Doença de Paget Extramamária/patologia , Neoplasias Urológicas/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Neoplasias Vulvares/patologia , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Doença de Paget Extramamária/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Urológicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Vulvares/diagnósticoRESUMO
ABSTRACT Paget's disease most commonly affects the breast. Extramammary involvement is rare, and the most commonly affected sites are the vulva, anus, perianal region, and axilla. The disease may progress to invasive adenocarcinoma or synchronous cancers. Due to the lack of distinctive features and nonspecific presenting symptoms, Paget's disease may be misdiagnosed as other conditions, thus delaying the correct diagnosis. We report a case of extramammary Paget's disease in the perianal region that initially presented as an irregular, circumferential, scaling lesion with eczematous eruptions. Immunology and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis. Although surgery is the standard treatment, the patient opted for pelvic radiotherapy associated with radiosensitizing chemotherapy.
RESUMO A doença de Paget acomete mais comumente a mama. Os focos extramamários são raros e os locais mais habitualmente acometidos são vulva, ânus, região perianal e axila. A patologia envolve a evolução da doença para adenocarcinoma invasivo ou neoplasias sincrônicas. Devido à singularidade e sua aparência inespecífica, a doença pode ser confundida com outras comorbidades, retardando o diagnóstico. O objetivo foi relatar um caso de doença de Paget extramamária na região perianal, a qual inicialmente apresentou lesão circunferencial com erupção eczematosa, descamativa e irregular. A confirmação diagnóstica foi por meio de exames imuno-histoquímico e imunológico. O tratamento padrão da doença é cirúrgico, porém optou-se por radioterapia pélvica associada à quimioterapia radiossensibilizante.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias do Ânus , Doença de Paget Extramamária/tratamento farmacológico , Radioterapia , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Doença de Paget Extramamária/diagnóstico , Doença de Paget Extramamária/patologiaRESUMO
Abstract Extramammary Paget disease is a rare neoplastic condition that more commonly affects postmenopausal Caucasian women. Although the vulvar area is the most frequently affected location, it corresponds solely to 1 to 2% of all vulvar malignancies. A 72-year-old female patient was observed in our outpatient clinic with a 2-year history of an erythematous and pruritic plaque on the vulva. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry studies were compatible with extramammary Paget disease of the vulva. Associated neoplastic conditions were excluded. Due to multiple relapses, the patient was submitted to three surgical interventions, including a total vulvectomy, and to external radiotherapy. The present case illustrates the chronic and recurrent nature of extramammary Paget disease despite aggressive procedures as well as the challenge in obtaining tumor-free resection margins.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Neoplasias Vulvares/patologia , Doença de Paget Extramamária/patologia , Vulvectomia , Imiquimode/uso terapêutico , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Vulvares/terapia , Resultado do Tratamento , Doença de Paget Extramamária/terapia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia PlásticaRESUMO
RESUMEN: La enfermedad de Pagetextramamaria es un adenocarcinoma intraepitelial,extremadamente raro. Su diagnóstico suele ser tardío pudiendo demorarse hasta tres años. Debemos hacer un diagnóstico diferencial con otras enfermedades dermatológicas, que pueden cursar igual. El diagnóstico definitivo es histopatológico. La cirugía es el tratamiento de elección, siendo la cirugía micrográfica de Mohs la más empleada. Existen tratamientos tópicos tales como el imiquimod, que pueden ser útiles. En general el pronóstico suele ser favorable.
SUMMARY: Extramammary Paget disease is an intraephithelial adenocarcinoma very rare. Its diagnosis is usually late and may take up to 3 years. We must make a differential diagnosis with other dermatological diseases that can occur equally. The definitive diagnosis is histopatological. Surgery is the gold standard treatment, Mohs micrographic surgery being the most used. There are topical treatments such as imiquimod that may be useful. In general, the prognosis is usually favorable.
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La enfermedad de Paget extramamaria es un adenocarcinoma intraepitelial, que ocurre en sitios ricos en glándulas apocrinas, como: vulva, axila, región anogenital y escroto en el varón. Presentamos el caso de una paciente, con una lesión eritemato-descamativa en región perianal, de seis meses de evolución, con buena respuesta al tratamiento y favorable evolución.
Extramammry Paget's disease is an intraepithelial adenocarcinoma that occurs in areas rich apocrine glands, such as the: vulva, axilla, anogenital area and scrotum in man. We present the clinical case in a patient with an erythematous exudative lesión in perineal area over the last six months with good response to treatment. The patient evolved favorably.
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AIMS: GATA3 has been reported as a specific urothelial marker among organs in the pelvic region, and has been classified as highly sensitive and specific for urothelial and breast carcinomas. Our aim was to verify GATA3 expression in extramammary Paget disease, and to determine whether it can be use to differentiate primary vulvar Paget disease from pagetoid urothelial intraepithelial neoplasia (PUIN). We also analysed HER2 protein expression and HER2 gene amplification and their roles as prognostic factors in extramammary Paget disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analysed GATA3 and HER2 expression in 11 primary vulvar Paget disease cases and two PUIN cases. All cases showed nuclear expression of GATA3. Of 13 cases, five were equivocal for HER2 expression (score 2+) and one was positive (3+). Fluorescence in-situ hybridization results showed amplification in two of these six cases. Both HER2-amplified cases were invasive. CONCLUSION: GATA3 was positive in all extramammary Paget disease cases tested (13 cases), and it has no value for differentiating between primary and secondary vulvar Paget disease from the urological tract. HER2 amplification might confer an aggressive and invasive pattern in primary vulvar Paget disease, as both amplified cases showed an invasive pattern.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Carcinoma in Situ/diagnóstico , Fator de Transcrição GATA3/biossíntese , Doença de Paget Extramamária/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Urológicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Vulvares/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma in Situ/metabolismo , Carcinoma in Situ/patologia , Erros de Diagnóstico , Feminino , Fator de Transcrição GATA3/análise , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doença de Paget Extramamária/metabolismo , Doença de Paget Extramamária/patologia , Receptor ErbB-2/análise , Neoplasias Urológicas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Urológicas/patologia , Neoplasias Vulvares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Vulvares/patologiaRESUMO
Abstract Extramammary Paget disease (EPD) is a rare malign neoplasm that may affect the vulva and has manifestations common to benign diseases such as itching, pain and eczema. This leads to delay in diagnosis and consequent worse prognosis. The definitive diagnosis is obtained by biopsy of the vulva, which shows Paget cells. The treatment of choice is wide excision with margins, which leads to sequelae, functional and aesthetic. Recurrence is common. This article reports the case of a 48-year-old female patient with history of vulvar itching for the past 2 years, who had been submitted to various treatments for benign pathologies. The patient was biopsied and was diagnosed with extensive EPD, being submitted to vulvectomy. This article aims to draw attention to the need for biopsy of pruritic vulvar lesions that do not respond to usual treatment.
Resumo A doença de Paget extramamária (DPEM) é uma neoplasia maligna incomum que pode acometer a vulva, e que tem manifestações comuns a doenças benignas como prurido, dor e eczema. Isto leva a atraso no diagnóstico e, consequente, piora do prognóstico. O diagnóstico de certeza se dá pela biópsia de vulva que evidencia células de Paget. O tratamento de escolha é a excisão com margens amplas, que leva a sequela funcional e estética. A recidiva é frequente. Este artigo relata o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, de 48 anos, com história de prurido vulvar há 2 anos com diversos tratamentos para patologias benignas. A biopsia da paciente confirmou diagnóstico de DPEM extensa sendo submetida a vulvectomia. Este artigo visa chamar a atenção para a necessidade de biópsia das lesões vulvares pruriginosas que não respondem ao tratamento habitual.