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Virtual reality (VR) exercise aims to offer positive affective and sensory experiences through an immersive experience rich in audiovisual stimuli. Notwithstanding, there is a paucity of large sample size studies comparing the acute effects of VR exercise compared with a matched exercise performed in a non-VR environment. The study compared the acute effects of a VR exercise session versus a matched non-VR exercise session in effect, pleasure, enjoyment, perceived exertion, and heart rate. This is a crossover randomized clinical trial. The time, difficulty, and exercise type of the non-VR exercise were matched to VR exercise. Before and immediately after each session, participants responded to the Borg's Perceived Exertion Scale, the Feeling Scale and the Felt Arousal Scale, and the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale. The analyses were conducted with Generalized Linear Models, Wilcoxon's, and T-test for paired samples. A total of 83 adults (40 females) aged 35.46 years were included in the study. Participants in the VR condition had a greater increase in affect (mean change difference = 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.83-1.06, P < 0.001), arousal (mean change difference = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.23-9.50, P < 0.001). The pleasure and enjoyment median after the VR session were higher. In conclusion, the immersive VR exercise was more strenuous, but resulted in a better affective response, greater pleasure, and enjoyment.
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We aimed to investigate sex-related glycemic and cardiovascular responses after intensity- (moderate) and duration- (30 minutes) matched interval aerobic exercise (IAE) and continuous (CAE) aerobic exercise sessions in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). A total of 19 volunteers (10 women) participated in 2 randomized and crossover sessions (1:1). Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, double product, and blood glucose (BG) levels were measured before (PRE), immediately after (POST-0), and 20 minutes after (POST-20) each session. The rates of perceived exertion (RPE) and enjoyment levels (ELs) were assessed after each session. Generalized estimating equations were used to analyze the data (condition × time × sex). Regarding sex-related changes, men showed BG reductions at POST-0 and POST-20 after CAE (∆: -3.7 and -3.7 mmol/L, respectively) and only at POST-0 after IAE (∆: -1.6 mmol/L), with 1 episode of hypoglycemia occurring in the latter group. In contrast, women showed reduced BG values only after CAE at both time points (∆: -1.4 and -1.7 mmol/L) compared with PRE values. The decrease in BG levels at both time points was higher for men after CAE than IAE. Cardiovascular responses, RPEs, and ELs were similar between exercise sessions, except for blood pressure, which showed higher values in men. In conclusion, lower BG levels were observed after CAE, with greater reductions in men. Similar cardiovascular, RPE, and EL responses were found across sexes and sessions. Consideration of sex-specific recommendations may be warranted when prescribing aerobic exercise, particularly, for men with irregular physical activity levels.
Assuntos
Glicemia , Pressão Sanguínea , Estudos Cross-Over , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 , Exercício Físico , Frequência Cardíaca , Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/terapia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Feminino , Glicemia/metabolismo , Adulto , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Fatores Sexuais , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Resumen. Objetivo. Poner a prueba un modelo predictivo de la identificación de propósito vital (PV) a partir de las experiencias de disfrute, la realización personal y la claridad en el autoconcepto. Método. Participaron 511 adolescentes (13 a 19 años y de ambos sexos) escolarizados del Área Metropolitana Bonaerense. Se utilizaron cuestionarios de autoinforme para medir las variables estudiadas. Además, se realizó un Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales con el método de estimación de Mínimos Cuadrados Generalizados. Resultados. El afecto positivo y el involucramiento en la actividad favorita presentan un efecto indirecto sobre el PV, mediado por la realización personal. La claridad en el autoconcepto y el sentido de realización personal tienen un efecto directo sobre el PV.
Abstract. Objective. To test a predictive model of finding Purpose in life (PL) from the experiences of enjoyment, personal fulfillment and self-concept clarity. Method. Participants were 511 adolescents (13 to 19 years old and of both sexes) attending schools in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. Self-report questionnaires were used to measure the variables studied. A Structural Equation Model was performed using the Generalized Least Squares estimation method. Results. Positive affect and involvement in the favorite activity have an indirect effect on PL, mediated by personal fulfillment. On the other hand, self-concept clarity and the sense of personal fulfillment have a direct effect on PL. Based on these results, it is possible to highlight the importance of promoting experiences of enjoyment and the possibilities of personal fulfillment in the activities carried out by adolescents.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Condições Sociais , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Bem-Estar Psicológico , Argentina , Ego , Sucesso AcadêmicoRESUMO
Young people's sources of satisfaction in sport are an important indicator of their long-term sport participation. Contextual factors and an individual's internal dispositions act synergistically to determine a positive experience. We studied sources of sport satisfaction and perceived self-efficacy of 1,151 male and female youth athletes (M age = 14.72, SD = 1.56 years) in Brazil who were engaged in school state level competition. The participants responded to questionnaires on their sport satisfaction and perceived self-efficacy. We considered sex, training time, and last game results as independent variables in accessing participant differences in perceived satisfaction. We observed an increasing trend toward more significant satisfaction as sport experience increased. Perceived self-efficacy was a moderator for young participants' self-reported positive experience in sports. Thus, in our offer of evidence on sources of satisfaction in sport and perceived self-efficacy among youth in competition, we found the extent of the sport experience and self-efficacy to be important factors in the developmental pathway.
Assuntos
Autoeficácia , Esportes , Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Feminino , Atletas , Inquéritos e Questionários , Autorrelato , MotivaçãoRESUMO
O objetivo deste artigo é fazer avançar o debate entre a psicanálise e os estudos queer, em especial a partir da interlocução traçada por Judith Butler com os trabalhos de Freud e Lacan. Retomando o modo como Butler articula Foucault, Derrida e a psicanálise para pensar os problemas de gênero, evidenciamos que a teoria psicanalítica permite à filósofa situar, a partir de sua concepção da melancolia de gênero, os pontos de fracasso da norma em função da vida psíquica do poder. Ainda que a cisheterossexualidade normativa imponha um roteiro de identificações e escolhas de objeto a seus sujeitos, há uma imprevisibilidade na maneira pela qual cada um responderá às injunções normativas da cultura, o que aponta para uma falha das normas em determinar completamente a subjetividade. A melancolia de gênero se torna, assim, uma marca da importância da psicanálise no percurso de Butler. Em seguida, discutimos as interpelações da filósofa ao simbólico lacaniano, bem como as nuances progressivamente introduzidas em sua leitura da diferença sexual. Ao longo do percurso de Butler, a diferença sexual deixa de ser considerada uma teoria da heterossexualidade e passa a ser apresentada como um conceito-borda, uma fronteira vacilante, que tomamos aqui como um convite para produzirmos uma releitura não normativa da diferença sexual na psicanálise a partir da teoria lacaniana da sexuação. Finalmente, localizamos a estranheza do gozo e o caráter irredutível da sexualidade às normas sociais como um importante eixo partilhado entre Butler e a psicanálise.(AU)
The aim of this article is to branch out the debate between psychoanalysis and queer studies, focusing on the interlocution drawn by Judith Butler with the works of Freud and Lacan. Returning to the way Butler articulates Foucault, Derrida and psychoanalysis to think about gender trouble, we show that psychoanalytic theory allows the philosopher to situate, from her conception of gender melancholy, the points of failure of the norm in function of the psychic life of power. After all, even though normative cis-heterosexuality imposes a script of identifications and object-choices on its subjects, there is an unpredictability to the way in which each one will respond to the normative injunctions of culture, so that norms fail to fully determine subjectivity. Gender melancholy thus becomes a mark of the importance of psychoanalysis in Butler's path. Then, we discuss the philosopher's interpellations to the Lacanian symbolic order, as well as the nuances progressively introduced in her reading of sexual difference. Along Butler's path, sexual difference is no longer considered a theory of heterosexuality and is presented as a border-concept, a vacillating frontier, which we take here as an invitation to produce a non-normative rereading of sexual difference in psychoanalysis, resorting to the Lacanian theory of sexuation. Finally, we locate the uncanniness of jouissance and the irreducible character of sexuality to social norms as an important shared axis between Butler and psychoanalysis.(AU)
El objetivo de este artículo es hacer avanzar el debate entre el psicoanálisis y los estudios queer, enfatizando la interlocución trazada por Judith Butler con los trabajos de Freud y Lacan. Volviendo a la forma en que Butler articula a Foucault, Derrida y el psicoanálisis para pensar los problemas de género, mostramos que la teoría psicoanalítica permite a la filósofa ubicar, desde su concepción de la melancolía de género, los puntos de falla de la norma en función de la vida psíquica del poder. Aunque la cis-heterosexualidad normativa imponga identificaciones y elecciones de objeto a sus sujetos, hay una imprevisibilidad en la forma en que cada uno responderá a los mandatos normativos de la cultura, lo que apunta a un fracaso de las normas para determinar completamente la subjetividad. La melancolía de género se convierte, entonces, en una marca de la importancia del psicoanálisis en la trayectoria de Butler. En seguida, discutimos las interpelaciones de la filósofa a lo simbólico lacaniano, así como los matices progresivamente introducidos en su lectura de la diferencia sexual. A lo largo de la trayectoria de Butler, la diferencia sexual deja de ser considerada una teoría de la heterosexualidad y pasa a ser presentada como un concepto-borde, um límite vacilante, que tomamos aquí como una invitación para producirmos una relectura no normativa de la diferencia sexual en psicoanálisis a partir de la teoría lacaniana de la sexuación. Finalmente, ubicamos la rareza del goce y el carácter irreductible de la sexualidad a las normas sociales como un importante eje compartido entre Butler y el psicoanálisis.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Caracteres Sexuais , Sexualidade , Prazer , Normas Sociais , Identidade de Gênero , Filosofia , Preconceito , Psicologia , Desenvolvimento Psicossexual , Sexo , Educação Sexual , Ciências do Comportamento , Orquiectomia , Homossexualidade Feminina , Feminismo , Neuropsiquiatria , Sexismo , Pessoas Transgênero , Segregação Social , Diversidade de Gênero , Binarismo de Gênero , Teoria Freudiana , Incesto , Libido , Antropologia Cultural , Complexo de ÉdipoRESUMO
O real, em Lacan, aparece como um resto que escapa inevitavelmente à ordem simbólica e tem um efeito traumático. O sintoma responde ao traumático preservando algo dele, mas ao mesmo tempo o disfarçando. Para isso, ele alia-se à fantasia, na qual o gozo que assinala a irrupção do traumático é projetado no Outro. Na sociedade repressiva da época de Freud, sintoma e fantasia forneciam ao sujeito uma válvula de escape que velava o trauma estrutural. Na sociedade neoliberal contemporânea, o imperativo do gozo torna isso mais difícil e o trauma estrutural mostra-se de maneira mais evidente. Além disso, a segregação em termos de tipo de gozo ou de possibilidade de acesso ao gozo reforça o elemento traumático. O establishment psiquiátrico, contudo, tende a desresponsabilizar o sujeito (e a sociedade na qual ele vive) pelo trauma.
The real, in Lacan, appears as a rest that inevitably escapes the symbolic order and has a traumatic effect. The symptom responds to the trauma by preserving something from it while disguising it. For that, it articulates itself to fantasy, in which the enjoyment that marks the irruption of the trauma is projected onto the Other. In the repressive society of the times of Freud, symptom and fantasy provided the subject with an escape valve that veiled the structural trauma. In contemporary neoliberal society, the imperative of enjoyment hinders this mechanism, thus the structural trauma appears more evidently. Moreover, segregation in terms of the type of enjoyment or the possibility of access to enjoyment reinforces the traumatic element. The psychiatric establishment, however, tends to exempt the subject (and the society where he lives) from responsibility for the trauma.
Le réel, chez Lacan, apparaît comme un reste qui échappe inévitablement à l'ordre symbolique et a un effet traumatique. Le symptôme répond au traumatisme en en préservant quelque chose, mais en le masquant en même temps. Pour cela, il s'allie au fantasme, dans lequel la jouissance qui marque l'irruption du traumatique est projetée sur l'Autre. Dans la société répressive du temps de Freud, le symptôme et le fantasme fournissaient au sujet un exutoire qui voilait le traumatisme structurel. Dans la société néolibérale contemporaine, l'impératif de jouissance rend cela plus difficile et le traumatisme structurel apparaît plus clairement. De plus, la ségrégation en termes de type de jouissance ou de possibilité d'accès à la jouissance renforce l'élément traumatique. L'établissement psychiatrique a cependant la tendance à exonérer le sujet (et la société dans laquelle il vit) de la responsabilité du traumatisme.
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Humanos , Prazer , Trauma Psicológico , Segregação Social/psicologia , Política , Transtornos Neuróticos/psicologiaRESUMO
Resumen El disfrute es una de las razones más fuertes para involucrarse en una actividad deportiva. ¿Pero cómo se puede definir conceptual y operacionalmente este constructo? El objetivo del presente estudio fue indagar con enfoque mixto los componentes del disfrute en el deporte. En el primer estudio participaron deportistas federados del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA, Argentina) (n = 9). Se utilizó una entrevista semi-estructurada y se identificaron las categorías que describen la experiencia de disfrute, tales como, afecto positivo, involucramiento y experiencia autotélica. Los participantes refirieron además sentirse realizados a nivel personal. Por otro lado, en el segundo estudio participaron 362 jóvenes (57.2 % hombres y 42.8 % mujeres) de 14 a 29 años de distintos clubes del AMBA. Para este estudio se operacionalizaron las categorías del primer estudio, a través de 29 ítems, con una escala Likert de cinco puntos de acuerdo. El análisis factorial exploratorio arrojó dos factores que explicaron el 58.8 % de la varianza a través de 17 ítems. La confiabilidad de cada subescala fue alta. El disfrute puede conocerse a través de dos subescalas: afecto positivo . involucramiento. Un factor adicional emergió de los análisis: el sentido de realización personal. Los factores del disfrute correlacionaron positivamente con este último, con el compromiso en el deporte y con el Flow total. Posteriores estudios permitirán conocer otros indicadores de validez de la escala y su uso en diversos contextos.
Abstract Enjoyment is one of the strongest motives to engage in a sports activity, but how can this construct be conceptually and operationally defined? This study aimed to investigate, with a mixed approach, the components of enjoyment in sport. In the first study, federated athletes from the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires (MABA, Argentina) participated (n = 9). A semi-structured interview was conducted, and the categories that describe the enjoyment experience were identified, such as positive affect, involvement, and autotelic experience. Participants also reported feeling fulfilled on a personal level. On the other hand, the second study involved 362 young people (57.2% men and 42.8% women) aged 14 to 29 from different MABA clubs. For this study, the categories of the first study were operationalized through 29 items, with a Likert-type scale of five points of agreement. The exploratory factorial analysis yielded two factors that explained 58.8% of the variance through 17 items. The reliability of each subscale was high. Enjoyment can be assessed through two subscales: positive affect and involvement. An additional factor emerged from the analyses: the sense of personal fulfillment. The factors of enjoyment correlated positively with the latter, with the engagement in the sport and with the total flow. Subsequent studies will reveal other indicators of the validity of the scale and its use in various contexts.
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ABSTRACT The low fundamental movement skills, physical activity and enjoyment students in the COVID-19 era are gaps in this study. This study aims to examine the effects of exergame on fundamental movement skills, physical activity and enjoyment in among inactive students during the COVID-19 era. Quantitative research with experimental methods was used in this study. There were 26 children allocated to the exergame group (n=13; age: 7.20±1.30 years; height: 1.38±2.38 cm; weight: 31.60±4.50 kg and a control group n=13; age: 7.40±1.14 years; height: 1.36±3.08 cm; weight: 28.40±3.43 kg). The intervention program was conducted for nine weeks. Fundamental movement skills children were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition and physical activity was measured using the ActiGraph GT9X Link accelerometer, while enjoyment was assessed using the physical education curriculum enjoyment scale. The results showed that the implementation of exergame was proven to improve fundamental movement skills, physical activity and enjoyment significantly, however there was no increase in the control group. This research is evidence that exergame is an effective tool to improve fundamental movement skills, physical activity and enjoyment in students during the COVID-19 era.
RESUMO As baixas habilidades fundamentais de movimento, atividade física e diversão dos alunos da era COVID-19 são lacunas neste estudo. Este estudo tem como objetivo examinar os efeitos do exergame nas habilidades fundamentais de movimento, atividade física e diversão em alunos inativos durante a era COVID-19. Pesquisa quantitativa com métodos experimentais foi utilizada neste estudo. Havia 26 crianças alocadas no grupo exergame (n = 13; idade: 7,20 ± 1,30 anos; altura: 1,38 ± 2,38 cm; peso: 31,60 ± 4,50 kg e um grupo controle n = 13; idade: 7,40 ± 1,14 anos; altura : 1,36 ± 3,08 cm; peso: 28,40 ± 3,43 kg). O programa de intervenção durou nove semanas. As crianças com habilidades fundamentais de movimento foram avaliadas usando Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition e a atividade física foi medida usando o acelerômetro ActiGraph GT9X Link, enquanto o prazer foi avaliado usando a escala de prazer do currículo de educação física. Os resultados mostraram que a implementação do exergame demonstrou melhorar significativamente as habilidades fundamentais de movimento, atividade física e prazer. No entanto, não houve aumento no grupo controle. Esta pesquisa é uma evidência de que o exergame é uma ferramenta eficaz para melhorar as habilidades fundamentais de movimento, atividade física e diversão em alunos durante a era COVID-19.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Adolescente , Exercício Físico , Prazer , Pandemias , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Jogos Eletrônicos de Movimento/educação , Destreza Motora , Movimento , Educação Física e Treinamento/métodos , Estudantes , Planos e Programas de Saúde , Ensino Fundamental e Médio , Tutoria/métodos , Atividade MotoraRESUMO
PURPOSE: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate sex-related glycemic, cardiovascular, and enjoyment responses after intensity-(moderate) and duration-(30 min) matched aerobic (AE) and strength exercises sessions (SE) in type 1 diabetic (T1DM) patients. METHODS: Twelve volunteers performed randomly three exercise sessions: AE, strength exercises A (SEA) and B (SEB). Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, double product (DP) and capillary blood glucose (BG) levels were measured pre (PRE), immediately (POST-0) and 20 min (POST-20) after each exercise session. Rating of perceived exertion and enjoyment level were also measured. A generalized mixed model was used to verify responses over time (p < 0.05). Effect size (ES) was also calculated. RESULTS: Men shown reduced BG levels (POST-0 and POST-20), besides presenting lower values than women in both time points after AE. BG was found reduced POST-0 (SEA and SEB) and POST-20 (SEA) in men, and POST-0 and POST-20 min (SEA) in women compared to PRE (ES was moderate, large or very large), without causing hypoglycemic episodes. However, no differences between sexes were seen concerning strength sessions. Cardiovascular parameters and enjoyment levels were similar between exercise sessions. CONCLUSIONS: When aerobic and strength exercise sessions are intensity- and duration-matched, lower glucose levels are seen in men after AE, but similar values are found regarding SE. These findings suggest that sex-specific recommendations may be considered when prescribing exercise for T1DM patients.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 , Glicemia , Pressão Sanguínea , Estudos Transversais , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/terapia , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
Este trabalho visa extrair algumas consequências da diferença entre o feminino abordado como estranho (sendo por isso excluído e segregado na cultura e na neurose) e um feminino infamiliar, que atravessa cada ser falante à sua revelia como um modo de gozo que desmonta sua totalidade corporal. Buscamos sustentar a hipótese de que a abordagem do feminino como estranho é consequência da operação de recusa do feminino, tomado enquanto um feminino de ninguém. Nessa perspectiva, a recusa do feminino infamiliar retorna pela atribuição neurótica do feminino como algo estranho e invasivo. Nessa direção, apostamos aqui que essa articulação talvez nos permita situar o próprio modo de operação do gozo feminino enquanto infamiliar para o sujeito que dele se defende, tal como o encontramos na clínica da histeria. Como buscamos argumentar, a estrutura da neurose e,comumente, da neurose histérica busca fazer uma fronteira contra o feminino tomando-o como algo estranho, ao passo que o gozo feminino se encontra antes do lado do litoral, com seus avanços e recuos que não respeitamas fronteiras estabelecidas pelas defesas neuróticas.
Ce travail vise à extraire quelques conséquences de la différence entre le féminin abordé comme étrange (et donc exclu et ségrégué dans la culture et la névrose) et un féminin unheimlich, qui traverse chaque être parlant comme un mode de jouissance qui défait son totalité corporelle malgré soi-même. Nous cherchons à étayer l'hypothèse que l'approche du féminin comme étranger est une conséquence de l'opération de refus du féminin unheimlich, pris comme « féminin de personne ¼. Dans cette perspective, le refus du féminin unheimlich revient à travers l'attribution névrotique du féminin comme quelque chose d'étrange et d'envahissant. En ce sens, parions ici que cette articulation permettra peut-être de situer le mode même de fonctionnement de la jouissance féminine comme unheimlich pour le sujet qui s'en défend, tel qu'on le retrouve dans la clinique de l'hystérie. Comme nous argumentons, la structure de la névrose et, communément, de la névrose hystérique cherche à faire frontière contre le féminin en le prenant comme quelque chose d'étrange, tandis que la jouissance féminine se trouve plutôt du côté du littoral, avec des avancées et des retraites qui ne respectent pas les limites établies par les défenses névrotiques.
This work aims to develop some consequences from the difference between the feminine viewed as strange (being thus excluded and segregated in culture and in neurosis) and an uncanny feminine, which traverses each speaking being as a mode of enjoyment that de-consists their bodily totality despite their will. We raise the hypothesis that the approach of the feminine as strange is a consequence of an operation of refusal of the uncanny feminine, taken as a "feminine of no one". In this perspective, the refusal of the uncanny feminine returns by the neurotic attribution of the feminine as something strange and invasive. We thereby argue that such articulation might allow us to situate the mode of operation of the feminine enjoyment as uncanny for the subject that defends itself from it, such as we find it in the clinic of hysteria. As we try to state, the structure of neurosis and, commonly, of hysteric neurosis seeks to build a frontier against the feminine by interpreting it as something strange, meanwhile feminine enjoyment is rather found through the logic of the shore, with its advances and retreats that do not respect any boundaries set by neurotic defenses
Assuntos
Psicanálise , Prazer , Transtornos NeuróticosRESUMO
Resumo Como objetivo deste trabalho, definiu-se analisar os efeitos indiretos de determinantes motivacionais no divertimento e na persistência em praticantes de exercício físico regular. Participaram ao todo 967 praticantes de exercício em ginásio e health clubs, com idades compreendidas entre 18 e 65 anos (M=45,08; DP=13,76). Todos os participantes tinham mais de 6 meses de experiência regular em exercício físico. Os participantes preencheram ao todo questionários traduzidos e validados para a língua portuguesa no contexto do exercício físico, que examinavam a perceção dos comportamentos interpessoais, as necessidades psicológicas básicas, a regulação da motivação e o divertimento. A persistência foi medida através de registos eletrónicos, considerando um praticante persistente aquele que tivesse uma frequência semanal similar aquela auto-reportada no momento inicial. A maioria das regressões são significativas, confirmado os pressupostos da literatura existente. Os efeitos indiretos mostram que o divertimento desempenha um papel crucial na persistência, tanto por via motivação autónoma, como por via motivação controlada. Em suma, atividades promotoras do prazer que os praticantes de ginásio e health club experienciam durante a prática de exercício físico poderão ser a variável chave na persistência a longo prazo.
Abstract The scope of this paper was to analyze the impact of motivational determinants in enjoyment and persistence in physical exercise among practitioners of physical exercise. In total, 967 gym and health club exercise practitioners aged between 18 and 65 (M=45.08; SD=13.76) were recruited for analysis. All participants had more than six months of regular exercise practice. Participants completed and validated scales in the exercise context duly translated into Portuguese, assessing interpersonal behaviors, basic psychological needs, and behavioral regulation. Persistence was measured using computerized records considering persistent exercisers as being those who were exercising at similar frequencies as those self-reported at the initial assessment. Results showed that the measurement and structural model fit the data. Several significant effects were found supporting previous literature. Indirect effects showed enjoyment to play a crucial role on exercise persistence, both by the significant effect via autonomous and controlled motivation. In essence, activities that give pleasure that gym and health club exercisers experience during the practice of physical exercise can be the key variable of long-term persistence.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Prazer , Motivação , Exercício Físico , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Autonomia Pessoal , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Este artigo propõe o esboço de uma teoria unificada da angústia no Seminário 10, visando fornecer uma chave de leitura que permita conectar entre si as diferentes formulações nas obras de Freud e Lacan. A ideia de unidade deve ser entendida no sentido estruturalista. Isso significa privilegiar as relações e não os termos, ou seja, encontrar a regra de composição do conjunto dos conceitos. Partindo do par de oposição angústia como falta da falta x angústia como sinal do desejo, demonstra-se que os afetos que formam os termos do par possuem uma relação: enquanto o primeiro seria condição de possibilidade do desejo, o segundo supõe um desejo constituído. Discute-se a existência de uma angústia relacionada ao gozo e de uma angústia relacionada ao desejo, demonstrando que o desdobramento da fórmula da angústia encontra respaldo no texto freudiano. Argumenta-se que o par de oposição lacaniano corresponde ao par freudiano angústia automática x sinal de angústia. Conclui-se que, apesar da pluralidade das definições, é possível encontrar uma lógica que as atravessa. (AU)
This article proposes the outline of a unified theory of anguish in Seminar 10, aiming to provide a reading key that allows to connect the different formulations in the works of Freud and Lacan. The idea of unity must be understood in the structuralist sense. This means privileging relationships and not terms, that is, finding the rule of composition of the set of concepts. Starting from the pair of opposites anguish as lack of lack x anguish as a sign of desire, it's shown that the affections that make up the terms of the pair have a relationship: while the first would be a condition for the possibility of desire, the second supposes a constituted desire. The existence of anguish related to jouissance and anguish related to desire is discussed, demonstrating that the unfolding of the anguish formula finds support in the Freudian text. It's argued that the Lacanian pair of opposites corresponds to the Freudian pair automatic anguish x sign of anguish. It's concluded that, despite the plurality of definitions, it's possible to find a logic that crosses them. (AU)
Este artículo propone el esbozo de una teoría unificada de la angustia en el Seminario 10, con el objetivo de proporcionar una clave de lectura que permita conectar las distintas formulaciones en las obras de Freud y Lacan. La idea de unidad debe entenderse en el sentido estructuralista. Esto significa privilegiar las relaciones y no los términos, es decir, encontrar la regla de composición del conjunto de conceptos. Tomando como punto de partida el par de oposición angustia como falta de la falta x angustia como señal de deseo, se demuestra que los afectos que componen los términos del par tienen una relación: mientras que el primer sería una condición de posibilidad del deseo, el segundo supone un deseo constituido. Se discute la existencia de la angustia relacionada con el goce y la angustia relacionada con el deseo, demostrando que el despliegue de la fórmula de la angustia encuentra apoyo en el texto freudiano. Se argumenta que el par de oposición lacaniano corresponde al par de oposición freudiano angustia automática x señal de angustia. Se concluye que, pese a la pluralidad de definiciones, es posible encontrar una lógica que las atravese. (AU)
Assuntos
Ansiedade/psicologia , Psicanálise , Psicologia ClínicaRESUMO
Affective responses and enjoyment of exercise mediate exercise adherence, but previous research findings have failed to examine nuances that may moderate this relationship. We examined the effects of exercise on affective and enjoyment responses during and post exercise through a systematic literature review and meta-regression analysis. We searched major databases up to July 9, 2020 for studies evaluating healthy adults' acute and chronic responses to exercise, using either of The Feeling Scale or Physical Activity Enjoyment Scales. We calculated effect size (ES) values of 20 unique studies (397 participants; 40% females) as standardized differences in the means and expressed them as Hedges' g, together with the 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Among acute studies examining affective responses, we found a greater positive effect post exercise for continuous training (CT) compared to high intensity interval training (HIIT) (g = -0.61; 95%CI = -1.11, -0.10; p < .018), but there was no significant difference between these modes for effects during exercise. Subgroup analyses revealed that moderate, and not high intensity, CT, compared to HIIT, resulted in significantly greater positive affective responses (g = -1.09; 95%CI = -1.88, -0.30; p < .006). In contrast, enjoyment was greater for HIIT, compared to CT (g = 0.75; 95%CI = 0.17, -1.13; p = .010), but CT intensity did not influence this result. Among chronic studies, there was greater enjoyment following HIIT compared to CT, but these studies were too few to permit meta-analysis. We concluded that an acute bout of moderate intensity CT is more pleasurable, when measured post exercise than HIIT, but enjoyment is greater following HIIT, perhaps due to an interaction between effort, discomfort, time efficiency and constantly changing stimuli.
Assuntos
Treinamento Intervalado de Alta Intensidade , Prazer , Adulto , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
O artigo surge de uma pesquisa, de viés psicanalítico, desenvolvida no programa de pós-graduação em Psicologia, que investiga a indagação formulada por Lacan, ao abordar em O Seminário XX, Mais, Ainda, o gozo feminino e a nominação Deus. O Deus freudiano ao ser interpretado, pela psicanálise, enquanto neurose universal da humanidade é franqueado enquanto Objeto a na clínica lacaniana. Há uma distinção importante no contexto epistemológico de Freud e Lacan que configura suas elaborações dos enunciados religiosos. Em duas partes, o autor faz, na primeira, uma leitura do que ele chama de contingência Deus e a religião nos ensaios de Freud, para situar seu modo de lidar com a emergência do Deus-Pai na clínica. E, num segundo momento, bordeja-se a inovação de Lacan, no seu último ensino, percebendo a face Deus como um dito que recobre o real de um gozo Outro.
The article arises from a research, psychoanalytic bias, which investigates the question formulated by Lacan, when discussing feminine enjoyment and the nomination of God in The Seminar XX. The Freudian God, being deposed by psychoanalysis, as the universal neurosis of humanity, is granted as an Object in the Lacanian clinic. There is an important distinction in the epistemological context of Freud and Lacan that configures his elaborations of the religious statements. In two parts, the author makes a first reading of what he calls contingency God and religion in Freud's essays, to situate his way of dealing with the emergence of the Father-God in the clinic. And, in a second moment, Lacan's innovation is bordered on in his last teaching, perceiving the face God as a saying that covers the real of an Other enjoyment.
El artículo surge de una búsqueda, de sesgo psicoanalítico, que investiga la indagación formulada por Lacan, al abordar en El Seminario XX, Más Aún, el goce femenino y la nominación Dios. El Dios freudiano al ser interpretado, por el psicoanálisis, mientras neurosis universal de la humanidad es franqueado como Objeto a en la clínica lacaniana. Hay una distinción importante en el contexto epistemológico de Freud y Lacan que configura sus elaboraciones de los enunciados religiosos. En dos partes, el autor hace, en la primera, una lectura de lo que él llama la contingencia Dios y la religión en los ensayos de Freud, para situar su modo de enfrentarse con la emergencia del Dios-Padre en la clínica. Y, en un segundo momento, se bordea la innovación de Lacan, en su última enseñanza, percibiendo la cara Dios como un dicho que recubre el real de un goce Otro.
RESUMO
RESUMO: O artigo refaz o percurso de Freud desde a exclusão de das Ding até o surgimento da dimensão da objetalidade por meio da constituição da realidade estruturada como fantasia. Com Lacan, coloca-se em evidência o objeto a como causa do desejo no Seminário da Angústia, no qual se discute a caducidade dos objetos que estabelecem bordas pelas quais a libido irá se deslocar em busca do objeto perdido. Enfim, aborda-se o colapso da objetalidade na vigência do discurso do capitalista. Em particular, é sublinhado o engodo desse discurso que faz supor acessível o objeto perdido na forma dos gadgets que a cada vez renovam a promessa de mais gozar.
Abstract: The article retraces Freud's path from the exclusion of das Ding to the emergence of the dimension of objectality through the constitution of reality structured as fantasy. In Lacan´s Seminary of Anguish, it is highlighted the concept of object taken as cause of desire, resulting from his discussion of the downfall of the objects that establish the borders through which the libido will move in search of the lost object. At the end, the collapse of objectality caused by the capitalist discourse is examined. In particular, the deception of this discourse is underlined, as it makes it seem as if the lost object is accessible in the form of gadgets that each time renew the promise of more enjoyment.
Assuntos
Psicanálise , Capitalismo , LibidoRESUMO
Given humans' limited ability to recall past experiences for evaluation, scholars have proposed the peak-end rule stating that if perceived discomfort at the end of an aversive experience is lower than the peak discomfort experienced, the aversive experience will be remembered more positively. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the peak-end rule as applied to high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE). Participants were 30 inactive men (M age = 27.9, SD = 5.2 years). In the first session they performed a graded exercise test on cycle-ergometer to determine their maximal aerobic power (MAP) (M = 233, SD = 35W); and, in the second and third sessions, they performed two HIIE protocols in randomized order: (a) Short trial - 20-minutes of HIIE, composed of 30-second efforts at 100% of MAP interspersed by 30-seconds of passive recovery; and (b) Long trial - 20-minutes of the short trial, plus 10-minutes more of HIIE, decreasing 3% of MAP in each additional bout, resulting in 70% of MAP in the last bout. During exercise, we recorded the participants' rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and affect, using the Feeling Scale (FS). At 30-minutes post-exercise, we again recorded the participants' affect, using the Global Affect Evaluation (GAE) and their session-RPE, and we recorded their enjoyment, using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). In the last session, the participants chose a favorite protocol to repeat. All sessions were interspersed by at least 72 hours. The 10-minutes extra HIIE in the Long-trial condition resulted decreased heart rate values (M = 157, SD = 13bpm to M = 144, SD = 14bpm; p < 0.001), but psychological responses during and after exercise did not differ, nor did participants' preferred HIIE protocol. As the load drop for the Long-trial was not enough to change the psychological responses during exercise, there was no difference in the retrospective evaluation as the peak-end rule would have suggested.
Assuntos
Treinamento Intervalado de Alta Intensidade , Adulto , Exercício Físico , Teste de Esforço , Frequência Cardíaca , Humanos , Masculino , Prazer , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
La transmisión del psicoanálisis se vio signada, tras la muerte de Lacan, por una clara lectura estructuralista soportada por el significante. Sin embargo, a partir de los años '70 el corpus conceptual lacaniano viró hacia la utilización de cordeles que pusieron en cuestión muchos de los modos de abordar las problemáticas de discursividad soportada por la teoría del significante. La incorporación de ese cambio en la transmisión del psicoanálisis aún se continúa produciendo bajo distintas corrientes que se esfuerzan por aprehenderlo. El presente trabajo buscará caracterizar dicho tránsito
The transmission of psychoanalysis was marked, after Lacan´s death, by a clear structuralist reading supported by the significant. However, from the 1970s on, the Lacanian conceptual corpus turned towards the use of strings that called into question many of the ways of approaching the discursivity problems supported by the theory of the significant. The incorporation of this change in the transmission of psychoanalysis still continues to occur under different currents that strive to apprehend it. The present work will seek to characterize this transit
Assuntos
Humanos , História do Século XX , Teoria Psicanalítica , Psicanálise , Transtornos NeuróticosRESUMO
Resumo O artigo parte da interrogação: em que sentido o recurso à escrita de James Joyce abala a axiomática do ensino de Lacan, centrada no estruturalismo linguístico? O artigo visa, então, localizar a relevância do recurso a Joyce na reformulação do conceito de inconsciente. Por meio do levantamento conceitual sobre a definição do conceito de inconsciente, no ensino de Lacan, foi possível problematizar a validade do recurso à linguística estrutural para definir o conceito de inconsciente, interrogando o deslocamento desse recurso teórico para a obra de Joyce. A hipótese do artigo é que a evidência clínica da fala imposta, em um paciente psiquiátrico, e na própria experiência de Joyce, impôs à Lacan o trabalho epistemológico de problematizar o estatuto do significante como representativo do sujeito do inconsciente e, a partir daí, elaborar o conceito de inconsciente em sua relação com a experiência de gozo, e não em relação ao significante.
Abstract This paper starts with a question: to what extent does James Joyce's writing style disrupts the axiomatic of Lacan's teaching, centered on linguistic structuralism? The text seeks therefore to pinpoint the relevance of resorting to Joyce when reformulating the concept of the unconscious. By means of a conceptual survey on the definition of the unconscious in Lacan's teaching, we problematized the validity of using structural linguistics to define such concept, inquiring about the displacement of this theoretical resource to Joyce's work. Our hypothesis posits that the clinical evidence of imposed speech, on a psychiatric patient and in Joyce's own experience, imposed on Lacan the epistemological work of problematizing the status of the signifier as representative of the subject of the unconscious, thus elaborating the concept of the unconscious in its relation to the experience of enjoyment rather than the signifier.
Résumé Cet article commence par une question : dans quelle mesure le style d'écriture de James Joyce remet-il en cause l'axiomatique de l'enseignement de Lacan, centré sur le structuralisme linguistique ? Le texte cherche donc à relever la pertinence du recours à Joyce pour reformuler le concept d'inconscient. À travers l'étude conceptuelle sur la définition de l'inconscient dans l'enseignement de Lacan, nous avons problématisé la validité de l'utilisation de la linguistique structuraliste pour définir ce concept, en nous interrogeant sur le déplacement de cette ressource théorique vers l'œuvre de Joyce. Notre hypothèse postule que l'évidence clinique du discours imposé, sur un patient psychiatrique et dans la propre expérience de Joyce, imposaient à Lacan le travail épistémologique de problématiser le statut du signifiant comme représentant du sujet de l'inconscient, élaborant ainsi le concept d'inconscient dans son rapport à l'expérience de la jouissance plutôt qu'au signifiant.
Resumen Este artículo parte del interrogante: ¿De qué manera el recurso a la escritura de James Joyce sacude la axiomática en la enseñanza de Lacan centrada en el estructuralismo lingüístico? El texto pretende encontrar la relevancia del recurso a Joyce en la reformulación del concepto de inconsciente. Desde el marco conceptual sobre la definición del concepto de inconsciente en la enseñanza de Lacan, fue posible problematizar la validez del recurso a la lingüística estructural en la definición de este concepto, interrogando su desplazamiento en la obra de Joyce. La hipótesis es que la evidencia clínica del habla impuesta en un paciente psiquiátrico y en la propia experiencia de Joyce impuso a Lacan el trabajo epistemológico de problematizar el estatuto del significante como representativo del sujeto del inconsciente para, desde ahí, elaborar el concepto de inconsciente en su relación con la experiencia de goce, pero no en relación al significante.
Assuntos
Psicanálise , Inconsciente Psicológico , Prazer , LinguísticaRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to analyze the mediating effect of satisfaction/enjoyment and boredom between the perception of autonomy support and academic performance in physical education. The sample consisted of 374 girls (Mage = 13.99; SD = 0.30) and 374 boys (Mage = 14.02; SD = 0.33) from the state of Nuevo León, Mexico. The instruments used were the Questionnaire for Autonomy Support in Physical Education (CAA-EF), Sport Satisfaction Intrinsic in Physical Education (SSI-EF) and the physical education performance of the students. The instrument's validity tests were analyzed using confirmatory procedures. Descriptive, reliability, and validity analyses were carried out for each instrument, and the mediating effect was examined; a mediation analysis was performed using the PROCESS V.3.5 macro. The main results revealed that autonomy support is not a direct indicator of physical education performance, but rather that students must feel satisfied with physical education for there to exist a forecast for a positive physical education performance. Satisfaction with physical education was found to have a mediating effect between autonomy support and physical education performance. However, boredom did not have a mediating effect between autonomy support and the student's performance in physical education class.
Assuntos
Desempenho Acadêmico , Educação Física e Treinamento , Tédio , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Autonomia Pessoal , Satisfação Pessoal , Prazer , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
O presente artigo advém da necessidade de explicitar o tema da letra em seu uso na constituição do ser de fala e de sua correlação na instauração do amor. Um amor que se inscreve quando a letra convoca algo do ser para a literalidade, possibilitando, concomitantemente, um lugar para o sujeito bem como para um vazio que o constitui, permanentemente. Desde Freud podemos antever um flerte com a literatura e suas letras. Lacan amplia este percurso para outras artes delineando a imprescindível função da letra na constituição do sujeito de fala e do advento amoroso. A partir deste legado, almejo perpassar a questão do amor com o vazio que nunca se preenche a partir da inscrição promovida pela letra. Afirma-se neste artigo a importância de sustentar para o amor algo que sempre escapará à função significante, embora demande ser escrito para que possa existir. Desde esta perspectiva se abre um modo de sustentar um lugar para o amor onde a contingência do encontro não se desfaça e os sujeitos possam brincar com o fazer de suas letras.(AU)
This article comes from the need to make explicit the theme of the letter in its use in the constitution of the being of speech and its correlation in the establishment of love. A love that is inscribed when the letter summons something from the being to the literality, enabling, simultaneously, a place for the subject as well as for an emptiness that constitutes it, permanently. From Freud we can foresee a flirtation with literature and its letters. Lacan extends this course to other arts by delineating the indispensable function of the letter in the constitution of the subject of speech and the advent of love. From this legacy I aim to go through the question of love with the emptiness that is never filled from the inscription promoted by the letter. It is stated in this article the importance of sustaining for love something that will always escape the significant function, although it must be written in order to exist. From this perspective opens a way of sustaining a place for love where the contingency of encounter does not undo and the subjects can play with the making of their letters.(AU)