RESUMO
Teenage pregnancy is a health problem that, despite being in decline, continues to be an important component in maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The objective of this investigation is to examine the data on adolescent pregnancies obtained from the Regional Hospital of Talca, describe the results collected and compare them with information found in the literature, analyzing the most relevant aspects, in order to provide a greater perspective on the subject, and therefore, contribute to the generation of new prevention measures. In this retrospective and descriptive observational study, the data of all pregnant women under 20 years who gave birth during the period from February 2017 to November 2022 and were treated at the Regional Hospital of Talca were collected and analyzed. For the analysis of the data, a script was made in Python. Obtaining as a result 1,566 pregnant adolescents, with an average age of 17.67 years, 89.6% primigest, in terms of newborns, 13.6% were premature and 5.8% of them extremely premature. 1.2% of newborns (both live births and stillborns/stillborns) developed some malformation.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Gravidez , Adolescente , Adulto , Gravidez na Adolescência/estatística & dados numéricos , Saúde Pública , Anormalidades Congênitas , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Chile , Estudos Retrospectivos , Hospitais Públicos/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether pregestational obesity is associated with the risk of caesarean section in pregnant women living in a country in an advanced stage of the obstetric transition. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. Data were collected from prenatal and hospital records. Pregestational obesity was defined as: body mass index, [weight(k)/height (m2)] ≥30, and caesarean sections were categorized as elective, emergency, or non-emergency/medically necessary. Biodemographic and sociodemographic characteristics, obstetric and perinatal pathologies, and maternal anthropometric variables were assessed. Chi-square and t-tests were used to compare qualitative and quantitative variables, respectively. Simple and adjusted generalized linear models were used to evaluate the association between pregestational obesity and caesarean delivery. Finally, population attributable risk was calculated. Data analysis was performed using STATA.v.14.0. PARTICIPANTS: 2309 pregnant women with a singleton pregnancy who gave birth at a public hospital in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, Chile in 2015. RESULTS: The prevalence of pregestational obesity was 21.4%, and the incidence of caesarean deliveries was 34.8% (33% of which corresponded to elective, 46% to emergency, and 21% to non-emergency/medically necessary caesarean deliveries). Pregestational obesity increased the risk of caesarean delivery (aRR = 1.46; 95%CI. [1.19-1.79] as well as the risk of elective (aRR = 1.74; 95%CI. [1.23-2.45]) and emergency caesarean delivery (aRR = 1.44; 95%CI. [1.03-2.00]). The population attributable risk of pregestational obesity for caesarean section was 32%. CONCLUSION: Given the significant association between pregestational obesity and caesarean delivery, it is necessary to develop strategies to decrease obesity among women of childbearing age in order to decrease obstetric intervention.