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The current study examined cancer prevention and early detection awareness (pre-workshop) and changes in knowledge (from pre- to post-workshop) among Hispanic/Latino (H/L) community members who participated in Spanish-language educational outreach events in Puerto Rico (PR) and Florida (FL). Spanish-language educational outreach events were comprised of an educational session lasting approximately 45-60 min and were delivered to groups in rural and urban community settings by a single trained community health educator (CHE). The research team assessed sociodemographic characteristics, personal and familial cancer health history, as well as awareness and knowledge (pre-test) of a range of cancer prevention and screening topics. Following the presentation, participants completed a post-test knowledge survey which also measured likelihood of engaging in cancer screening, cancer preventive behaviors, and cancer research as a result of information presented during the session. Change in the average knowledge score was evaluated using a paired samples t-test. Post-session likelihood of completing cancer screening and preventive behaviors and engaging in cancer research were examined using descriptive statistics and group/site comparisons. The percentage reporting awareness of screening procedures ranged from 33% (PSA test) to 79% (mammogram). H/L in PR reported higher percentage of stool blood test awareness when compared to H/L in FL (χ2(1)= 19.20, p<.001). The average knowledge score increased from 5.97 at pre-test to 7.09 at post-test (Cohen's d=0.69). The increase was significant across all participants (t(315)= 12.4, p<.001), as well as within the FL site (t(124)= 6.66, p<.001, d=0.59) and the PR site (t(190)=10.66, p<.001, d=0.77). Results from this study suggest that educational outreach events delivered to H/L community members by a CHE are valuable strategies to address challenges regarding cancer screening knowledge and engagement in multiple behaviors.

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SUMMARY: In veterinary medicine, impressive technological advances in biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology have led to a reduction in the amount of time spent teaching anatomy and a shift toward anatomical research. As classically trained veterinary anatomists began to retire at the beginning of the 2000s, it became evident that there would be a shortage of qualified anatomists. This coincides with the increase in the hiring of recent graduates with general education experience and no specialization in the area. The aim of the study is to characterize the Chilean veterinary anatomy educator with an emphasis on their training and the academic environment they work in. Data were collected through a survey targeting a diverse population of university educators who teach content related to veterinary anatomy in Chile. The results showed that the Chilean veterinary anatomist has reached the master's level, with a wide range of continuous training experiences, from which it is perceived that he has acquired his anatomical and teaching skills. Furthermore, despite his self-perception as an educator/researcher, the evidence showed that research in veterinary anatomy is still in its infancy. However, strengths were identified related to the varied use of teaching resources, participation in the community and the dissemination of anatomical knowledge.

En medicina veterinaria, los impresionantes avances tecnológicos en bioquímica, genética y biología molecular han llevado a una reducción en la cantidad de tiempo dedicado a la enseñanza de la anatomía y un cambio hacia la investigación anatómica. Cuando los anatomistas veterinarios de formación clásica comenzaron a jubilarse a principios de la década de 2000, se hizo evidente que habría escasez de anatomistas cualificados. Esto coincide con el incremento en la contratación de recién egresados con experiencia en educación general y sin especialización en el área (licenciados, tesistas, etc.). El objetivo del estudio es caracterizar al educador de anatomía veterinaria chileno con énfasis en su formación y el ambiente académico en el que se desempeña. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de una encuesta dirigida a una población diversa de docentes universitarios que imparten contenidos relacionados con la anatomía veterinaria en Chile. Los resultados muestran que el anatomista veterinario chileno ha alcanzado el nivel de maestría, con una amplia gama de experiencias de formación continua, a partir de las cuales se infiere que ha adquirido sus competencias anatómicas y docentes. A pesar de su autopercepción como educador/investigador, la evidencia demostró que la investigación en anatomía veterinaria aún se encuentra en ciernes. No obstante, se identificaron fortalezas en actividades relacionadas con el uso variado de recursos didácticos, la participación en la comunidad y la difusión del conociminto.

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Ernesto Bustamante Zuleta (1922-2021) was an impactful Colombian neurosurgeon whose legacy is inextricably linked with the development of the neurosurgery specialty in Colombia. His detail-oriented approach to treatment complemented his reputation for mastery of the neurosciences. Never simply confined to the operating theater, this calm and considerate physician felt compelled to teach during his entire career. The result of his teaching made a lasting imprint on an entire generation of neurosurgeons who subsequently established a high standard of neurosurgical care in Colombia. A true pioneer, Bustamante comprehensively engaged in his field, from founding the country's first residency program in neurosurgery to successfully implementing technology in his procedures, performing many of Colombia's first neurosurgical interventions, and publishing extensively across various categories of medical science. This historical reflection highlights his enduring contributions to the field and considers his legacy through the witness testimony of many of his students and collaborators. The hope is that his contributions may be acknowledged in full, as he was a reserved person who never boasted of his own accomplishments. The authors also hope that those who did not have the opportunity to know him would be informed by the historical context of the development of Colombian neurosurgery and inspired by his conviction and altruism.

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O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar a avaliação do processo de implementação do Programa Cuida, o qual buscou oferecer mecanismos de apoio para ampliar as habilidades educativas positivas de educadores sociais de instituições de acolhimento. Participaram do estudo 47 educadores sociais (M=44,28 anos; DP=9,34) do sul do Brasil. Foram utilizados como instrumentos a ficha de avaliação do desempenho do moderador, a ficha de avaliação de satisfação dos participantes e o diário de campo do moderador. Os dados foram analisados a partir de análises estatísticas descritivas e da triangulação de dados. A maioria dos educadores sociais se mostrou satisfeito/muito satisfeito com os conteúdos abordados e as aprendizagens da intervenção, bem como com o moderador do programa. As repercussões da intervenção se mostraram mais relacionadas às estratégias de comunicação e de resolução de conflitos, qualificando, sobretudo, o relacionamento entre colegas. Ao final, são apontadas limitações do estudo e sugestões para estudos futuros.

The aim of this study is to present an evaluation of the implementation process of the Programa Cuida, which sought to offer support mechanisms to expand the positive educational skills of social educators of residential care institutions. Participants were 47 social educators (M=44.28 years; SD=9.34) from southern Brazil. The instruments used were a moderator's performance evaluation form, participants' satisfaction evaluation form and the moderator's field diary. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and data triangulation. Most of the social educators who participated in the program were satisfied/very satisfied with the content approach and the learning of the intervention, as well as with the program moderator. The repercussions of the intervention were more related to communication and conflict resolution strategies, qualifying, above all, the relationship between colleagues. Finally, the limitations and suggestions for future studies are pointed out.

El objetivo de este estudio es presentar la evaluación del proceso de implementación del Programa Cuida, que buscó ofrecer mecanismos de apoyo para expandir las habilidades educativas positivas de los educadores sociales de las instituciones de acogida. El estudio incluyó a 47 educadores sociales (M= 44,28 años; DT = 9,34) del sur de Brasil. Como instrumentos se utilizaron el formulario de evaluación del desempeño del moderador, el formulario de evaluación de la satisfacción de los participantes y el diario de campo del moderador. Los datos se analizaron a partir de análisis estadísticos descriptivos y triangulación de datos. La mayoría de los educadores sociales se mostraron satisfechos / muy satisfechos con el contenido cubierto y con el aprendizaje de la intervención, así como con el moderador del programa. Las repercusiones de la intervención estuvieron más relacionadas con las estrategias de comunicación y resolución de conflictos, calificando, sobre todo, la relación entre compañeros. Finalmente, se señalan las limitaciones del estudio y sugerencias para futuros estudios.

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Se tiene presente el principio martiano de que "Educar es depositar en cada hombre toda la obra humana, es ponerlo a nivel de su tiempo, es preparar al hombre para la vida", por eso, esta semblanza es un homenaje a la ilustre académica Alicia Evarista Fernández Hernández, quien con 12 años edad comenzó su labor como educadora al incorporarse a la Campaña de Alfabetización y a otras tareas asignadas por la Revolución; martiana ferviente, educadora por excelencia, ha transmitido durante más de cuatro décadas sus experiencias y sus doctrinas de amor y sabiduría a distintas generaciones de estudiantes de Enfermería, Medicina, profesores, profesionales de la salud de Cuba y otros pueblos del mundo. Es objetivo de esta semblanza referir los aspectos más relevantes de su magistral obra educativa, académica y revolucionaria, apoyados en testimonios, revisión de documentos, entrevistas a familiares y compañeros, que, sin dudas, describen de modo fehaciente su trayectoria como estudiante, enfermera, profesora, académica e investigadora. Alicia Fernández constituye un referente teórico-práctico, ejemplo de dedicación, altruismo y un modelo de conducta a seguir por las nuevas generaciones de galenos, enfermeros, profesores y otros profesionales de la salud que se forman integralmente en las universidades de las Ciencias Médicas cubanas(AU)

We keep in mind Marti's principle that "to educate is to deposit all human work in each man, to put him at the level of his time, and to prepare him for life"; therefore, this semblance is a tribute to the illustrious academician Alicia Evarista Fernández Hernández who began her work as an educator at the age of twelve by joining the literacy campaign and other tasks assigned by the Revolution. She has been a passionate defender of Marti's ideas and an educator par excellence who has passed her experiences and doctrines of love and wisdom to different generations of nursing and medical students, professors and other health professionals from Cuba and other peoples of the world for more than four decades. The objective of this semblance is to present the most relevant aspects of her masterful educational, academic and revolutionary work supported by evidence, document reviews, and interviews with family members and colleagues which undoubtedly describe her career as a student, nurse, professor, academician, and researcher. Alicia Fernández is a theoretical and practical referent, an example of dedication and altruism, and a behavior model to the new generations of doctors, nurses, professors and other health professionals who are fully trained in the Cuban universities of Medical Sciences(AU)

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The aim of this systematic review was to examine the prevalence of burnout-related symptoms in Brazilian schoolteachers who work in public schools. The literature search was conducted using the following databases: PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. Peer-reviewed studies published in English, Spanish, or Portuguese were considered for inclusion. A total of 2106 records were identified through database searching and 7 additional studies were identified through other sources. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 19 studies were included in the systematic review. Burnout syndrome prevalence was assessed through seven distinct questionnaires. Overall, the majority of the studies presented high methodological quality. Brazilian schoolteachers exhibited high levels of emotional exhaustion (21-69%), high or moderate degrees of depersonalization (8-32%), and high levels of personal realization and enthusiasm toward the job (30-90%). From these data, it is possible to infer that Brazilian schoolteachers are, in general, affected by burnout syndrome. However, and, surprisingly, they seem to be motivated and idealistic, as demonstrated by their high levels of personal realization and enthusiasm toward the job (30-90%). This likely favors the implementation of programs designed to avoid or reduce burnout, deal with stress, and enhance teaching quality.

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BACKGROUND: Faculty developers are regularly involved in training medical educators to enhance their teaching excellence through workshops and other formats. By exemplifying professional and institutional values, faculty developers may profoundly impact how other educators perceive their own professional identity. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to understand how the professional identity of faculty developers is formed. DESIGN: A qualitative approach was used, with a semi-structured interview. The sample consisted of 10 medical educators. A deductive thematic analysis based on Bolivar et al. (2004a) model of professional identity formation for medical educators was carried out. RESULTS: Self-image was impacted favorably through social recognition from students and peers, and the belief of having demonstrated professional competence through job assignments and enrollment in different leadership positions. The social relations to the center or department in which the faculty developer participates were strongly related to job satisfaction. Expectations about the future of the profession included positive attitudes toward change brought by generational differences. Regarding the process of construction of professional identity, life stories and dissimilar professional careers converge in the same educational setting. Faculty developers regularly resort to self-reflection, with a desire to continue learning and developing. They are resilient and purposeful, even in negative experiences that they have faced as identity crises. They share an awareness in building a legacy for the patients, their families, and the community through nurturing new generations of health-care practitioners. CONCLUSIONS: The interviewed faculty developers have a strong-professional identity that is characterized by a stable sense of self, strong behavioral repertoire, and key associations with a community of practice.

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Se tiene presente el principio martiano de que el elogio oportuno fomenta el mérito; por eso, esta semblanza es un homenaje a la profesora consultante Asunción Toledo del Rey, quien desde edad temprana se incorporó a las disímiles tareas asignadas por la Revolución; martiana, educadora por excelencia, ha transmitido durante más de cuatro décadas sus doctrinas de amor y sabiduría a distintas generaciones de estudiantes de Enfermería de Cuba y otros pueblos del mundo. Es objetivo de esta semblanza referir los aspectos más relevantes de su obra educativa y revolucionaria, apoyados en testimonios, revisión de documentos, entrevistas a familiares y compañeros, que, sin dudas, describen de modo fehaciente su trayectoria como estudiante, enfermera y profesora. Asunción Toledo del Rey constituye un referente teórico-práctico, un ejemplo a seguir por todas las generaciones de estudiantes de Enfermería que se forman integralmente en las universidades de las Ciencias Médicas cubanas(AU)

Bearing in mind the principle of José Martí that "timely praise encourages the merit" we present this biographical sketch as a tribute to the Consultant Professor Asunción Toledo del Rey who performed different tasks assigned by the Revolution since she was very young. She is a supporter of the ideas of José Martí and an educator par excellence that has conveyed her doctrines of love and wisdom to many generations of Nursing students in Cuba and other countries in the world for more than four decades. The aim of this biographical sketch is to highlight the most relevant aspects of her educational and revolutionary work, which is supported by evidences, document reviews and interviews to relatives and co-workers who, undoubtedly, irrefutably describe her career as a student, nurse and professor. Asunción Toledo del Rey is a theoretical and practical referent and an example to be followed by all generations of Nursing students who receive a comprehensive education and training in our Cuban universities of medical sciences(AU)

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Objectives Violence against medical trainees confronts medical educators and academic leaders in perinatal medicine with urgent ethical challenges. Despite their evident importance, these ethical challenges have not received sufficient attention. The purpose of this paper is to provide an ethical framework to respond to these ethical challenges. Methods We used an existing critical appraisal tool to conduct a scholarly review, to identify publications on the ethical challenges of violence against trainees. We conducted web searches to identify reports of violence against trainees in Mexico. Drawing on professional ethics in perinatal medicine, we describe an ethical framework that is unique in the literature on violence against trainees in its appeal to the professional virtue of self-sacrifice and its justified limits. Results Our search identified no previous publications that address the ethical challenges of violence against trainees. We identified reports of violence and their limitations. The ethical framework is based on the professional virtue of self-sacrifice in professional ethics in perinatal medicine. This virtue creates the ethical obligation of trainees to accept reasonable risks of life and health but not unreasonable risks. Society has the ethical obligation to protect trainees from these unreasonable risks. Medical educators should protect personal safety. Academic leaders should develop and implement policies to provide such protection. Institutions of government should provide effective law enforcement and fair trials of those accused of violence against trainees. International societies should promulgate ethics statements that can be applied to violence against trainees. By protecting trainees, medical educators and academic leaders in perinatology will also protect pregnant, fetal, and neonatal patients. Conclusions This paper is the first to provide an ethical framework, based on the professional virtue of self-sacrifice and its justified limits, to guide medical educators and academic leaders in perinatal medicine who confront ethical challenges of violence against their trainees.

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En el contexto de: los avances tecnológicos de los últimos 20 años, sumados al crecimiento demográfico, los cambios macroeconómicos a escala global, el aumento del papel protagónico de la mujer en el ámbito profesional, las realidades asistenciales de los nóveles médicos egresados, la labor asistencial de los docentes universitarios, los recursos necesarios para la educación en salud y las herramientas heterogéneas de las cuales disponen los ámbitos de formación en salud del país proponemos repensar ¿qué perfil docente en el ámbito de la salud necesitan nuestras casas de estudios universitarios? ¿cuáles son las competencias necesarias a adquirir y desarrollar por nuestros exigidos docentes universitarios actuales? Realizamos una revisión del significado en cuanto a competencias docentes, y aportes de diversos autores en este contexto. Proponemos la reflexión de este importante aspecto, explicitando finalmente ejes de acción y objetivos para un programa de formación docente continua en el ámbito de la salud.

In the context of: the technological advances of the last 20 years, added to the demographic growth, the macroeconomic changes on a global scale, the increase in the leading role of women in the professional field, the healthcare realities of graduated medical professionals, the work health care of university teachers, the necessary resources for health education and the heterogeneous tools available to the health training areas of the country, we propose to rethink which teaching profile in the field of health do our universities need? What are the necessary skills to acquire and develop for our current demanding university teachers? We carry out a review of the meaning in terms of teaching competences, and contributions from various authors in this context. We propose the reflection of this important aspect, finally explaining lines of action and objectives for a continuous teacher training program in the field of health.

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Besides sharing knowledge, values, and attitudes, the members of a profession share a way of understanding how to perceive life, also known as professional identity. The formation of this identity is related to the acquisition of multiple roles, responsibilities, and collaboration, defining their professional culture. The medical educator is a professional who is committed to student development, who is a leader in his field, and who is active in academic or clinical activities, demonstrating the commitment to the community. The objective of this study was to explore the professional culture through the perception of the medical educator identity. A qualitative method was implemented by applying a content analysis strategy. A sample of 39 medical educators participated in structured interviews. Answers transcription was analyzed unitizing assumptions, effects, enablers, and barriers through the professional culture model: individualism, balkanized, collegiality per project, and extended collaboration. The definition of the medical educator was associated with 44% to individualism, 31% balkanized, 13% collegiality per project, and 13% extended collaboration. Generally, contributions from Basic Science educators are more individual, and the projects in the university are part of the operation planned for the short and medium term. Clinical Science educators are used to working in medical specialty groups, and some of them are involved in strategical social projects that provide care for the community. A cultural change transitioning from a highly autonomous strategy toward meaningful collaborative projects can help physicians and health professionals to develop a shared vision of what it means to be a medical educator. The medical school should provide a sense of collegial community environment to set common goals and expectations with adequate resources, and leadership is the standard.

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O presente trabalho foi realizado no contexto do acolhimento institucional. Teve por objetivo examinar de que forma os profissionais atuam na chegada de uma criança. Para isso tomou-se os relatos de 16 educadores e sete membros da equipe técnica, por meio de questionários para a caracterização sociodemográfica e entrevista semiestruturada. O resultado das entrevistas foi analisado pelo software IRaMuTeQ®. Os principais resultados foram: 1) Maioria dos profissionais eram do sexo feminino, concursados, com ensino superior e capacitação recente; 2) No momento da chegada das crianças à instituição os profissionais agem de forma a explicar os motivos do acolhimento; 3) É comum a emissão de comportamentos de rotina; 4) Existe pouco contato dos educadores com as famílias; 5) As crianças possuem dificuldade para se adaptar à rotina da instituição. Conclui-se que a equipe atua tentando suprir as necessidades físicas e emocionais das crianças, mas estas continuam manifestando dificuldades em se adaptar.

The current study was performed at an institutional shelter. The aim was to assess how the workers act upon the admittance of a child. To do that we took the statements of 16 educators and seven members of the technical staff through a questionnaire for social demographic characterization and semi-structured interview. The results of the interview were analyzed with the use of IRaMuTeQ® software. The main results were: 1) most workers were women, admitted through public contest, had college education and recent training; 2) upon the admittance of the children in the institution the workers attitude is to explain to the children the reason for their sheltering; 3) it is common the emission of routine behavior; 4) there is little contact between the educators and the children's families; 5) the children have difficulties to adapt to the institution routine. It is concluded that the team work is designed to suppress the children's physical and emotional needs, however they still demonstrate difficulties in adapting themselves.

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Este estudo investigou as contribuições de um programa de acompanhamento com educadoras, baseado na abordagem pikleriana, para a organização dos espaços do berçário e para a interação educadora-bebê. Foi realizado um estudo de casos múltiplos com seis educadoras de berçário de duas creches públicas, que participaram de seis encontros individuais. Seis meses após o término do acompanhamento, as educadoras responderam a uma entrevista, cujas respostas foram examinadas por meio da análise de conteúdo qualitativa. As educadoras relataram mudanças na organização do espaço físico, dos móveis e objetos, bem como uma melhor qualidade da interação educadora-bebê, percebida ao propiciar autonomia e dar mais atenção individualizada nos momentos de cuidados. Os resultados sugerem que o acompanhamento possibilitou mudanças na organização do berçário, que puderam apoiar a interação educadora-bebê e contribuir para a promoção do desenvolvimento infantil

The present study investigated the contributions of a monitoring program for educators based on the Piklerian approach for the organization of child care spaces and for the child-educator interaction. Six educators of two public child care center participated in six individual meetings. Six months after the end of mentoring, the educators were interviewed and the answers were examined through qualitative content analysis: child care space characteristics and educator-child interaction. The educators reported changes in the organization of the physical space, furniture and objects. The teachers also reported a better quality of the educator-child interaction, perceived in their own attitudes providing autonomy, organizing space based on children needs, as well as giving more individualized attention to them in times of care. The results suggest that monitoring could make changes in the child care organization that could support the educator-child interaction and contribute to the promotion of child development

Este estudio investigó las contribuciones de un programa de seguimiento con educadoras, basado en el enfoque pikleriano, para la organización de los espacios de guardería y para la interacción educadora-bebé. Se realizó un estudio de casos múltiples con seis educadoras de dos guarderías públicas, que participaron de seis encuentros individuales. Seis meses después del término del seguimiento, las educadoras respondieron a una entrevista, cuyas respuestas fueron examinadas por medio del análisis de contenido cualitativo. Las educadoras relataron cambios en la organización del espacio físico, de los muebles y objetos, así como una mejor calidad de la interacción educadora-bebé, percibida al propiciar autonomía y dar más atención individualizada en los momentos de cuidados. Los resultados sugieren que el seguimiento posibilitó cambios en la organización de la guardería, que pudieron apoyar la interacción educadora-bebé y contribuir a la promoción del desarrollo infantil

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RESUMEN Se fundamenta la concepción teórica general de la educación axiológica en el contexto del sistema de enseñanza de postgrado para la formación de educadores ambientales. Se aplicaron los métodos del nivel teórico analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, histórico-lógico y ascensión de lo abstracto a lo concreto, con la intención de sistematizar información proveniente de la bibliografía consultada y de la experiencia profesional de los autores. Se defiende la idea de considerar la existencia de una dimensión ambiental de valores universales, en lugar de hacer referencia a valores estrictamente ambientales. Se enfatiza en la importancia que, para la educación, adquiere la estimulación de la actividad valorativa del sujeto, a partir de una noción precisa del sistema de virtudes y fortalezas del carácter. Se identifican cinco valores básicos a desarrollar en el educador ambiental (la sensibilidad, la tolerancia, la lealtad solidaria, la responsabilidad, la participación cooperativa y la dignidad), para asegurar, desde el punto de vista axiológico, su desempeño en la preparación de diferentes sectores sociales y consolidar la necesaria contribución de los mismos a la sostenibilidad ecológica.

ABSTRACT In this paper a general theoretical conception of axiological education is systematized in the context of the postgraduate educational system in the training of environmental educators. Methods of the theoretic level (analytical-synthetical, inductive-deductive, historic-logician and ascension from abstractness to concrete) to systematize information obtained from the bibliography and from the vocational experience of the author. The category value is analyzed aimed at using it unilaterally from the environmental perspective and it is concluded that it is much more objective, from the theoretical point of view, to assume the existence of an environmental dimension of universal values ​​rather than of strictly environmental values. It emphasizes on the importance of the stimulation of the person's valuating activity for education, from a precise notion of the system of virtues and character strengths. Five basic values are identified ​​ (sensitivity, tolerance, solidarity loyalty, responsibility, cooperative participation and dignity) to be developed in an environmental educator to ensure, from the axiological point of view, his performance in the preparation of different social sectors to strengthen their necessary contribution to ecological sustainability.

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ABSTRACT Objective The objective of this quasi-experimental study was to determine the impact of the Promotora Model (PM) as an educational strategy to increase oral health knowledge in parents/caregivers of children aged 2-5 years at high risk for dental caries. Materials and Methods Sixty-three caregivers who provided informed consent were included in the study. A structured 37-item survey was administered prior to conducting the Promotora educational intervention (PEI) that covered oral health topics and behaviors. Three (3) months after the PEI session, during their child's next dental visit, the same instrument was administered to 46 of the parents/caregivers that had completed the first instrument. Results Most caregivers were Hispanic (73.9%) and 50% reported completing high school. Before PEI, 56.5% of participants scored as having "good" general knowledge. Three months after PEI, 82.6% achieved that score (paired sample T-test, p< 0.00001). Conclusion Based on the results, it was concluded that the PM significantly increased caregivers' oral health knowledge.(AU)

RESUMEN Objetivo El propósito de este estudio cuasi-experimental fue determinar el impacto del Modelo Promotora (MP) como estrategia educacional para mejorar el conocimiento sobre salud oral de los padres y/o cuidadores de niños con edades comprendidas entre 2-5 años con alto riesgo de sufrir caries dental. Métodos Sesenta y tres padres y/o cuidadores quienes dieron el consentimiento fueron incluidos en el estudio. Se administró un cuestionario estructurado de 37 preguntas antes de la intervención educativa (IE) con el Modelo Promotora (IEP) el cual cubría tópicos sobre salud oral y conductas. Tres (3) meses después de la sesión de IEP, en la próxima visita dental del niño, el mismo cuestionario fue administrado a 46 padres y/o cuidadores que habían completado el primer cuestionario. Resultados La mayoría de los padres y/o cuidadores eran Hispanos (73,9%) y 50% reporto tener bachillerato completo. Antes del IEP, 56,5% de los participantes presentó un nivel general de conocimiento "Bueno." Tres meses después de la aplicación del IEP, 82,6% obtuvieron el mismo nivel de conocimiento (T-test, p<0.00001). Conclusión Se concluye que el MP mejora considerablemente el conocimiento sobre salud bucal de los padres y/o cuidadores.(AU)

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Abstract Teachers, among others, are responsible for improving the quality of education. In order to understand the teacher's professional role within the context of contemporary society, one must analyze the impacts of political, economic, social and cultural problems on education. The present study's objective is to identify and discuss the social representations made by students' parents/guardians in relation to being a teacher nowadays. The study enjoyed the participation of 181 parents/guardians of elementary school students from the city of Mossoró/RN. They responded to the TALP after being presented with the stimulus phrase being a teacher today. Prototypical analysis (EVOC), analysis of similarity (IRAMUTEQ) and thematic analysis of content were performed. The terms most frequently evoked were patience, educator, love, and teach. The parents/guardians' social representations have a multidimensional character that is structured into two main: one involving an image of the teacher that is rooted in the notion of a vocation; and the other, in the professional as an educator. The thematic analysis also indicated a representation of teachers that is related to a work context involved challenges, precarious working conditions, social disfavor and violence. One thus observes a twofold representation of the teacher, as an individual with a vocation and as a professional, an employee of the educational system, a fact that could be related to the low attractiveness of a career in teaching.

Resumo O professor, entre outros, é um dos responsáveis pela melhoria da qualidade do ensino. Refletir acerca do papel desse profissional no contexto da sociedade contemporânea, requer analisar os reflexos dos problemas políticos, econômicos, sociais e culturais na educação. O objetivo do presente estudo é identificar e discutir as representações sociais dos pais/responsáveis de alunos em relação a ser professor nos dias atuais. Participaram da pesquisa 181 pais/responsáveis de alunos do ensino fundamental da cidade de Mossoró/RN. Eles responderam o TALP após a apresentação da frase estímulo ser professor hoje. Foram realizadas: análises prototípicas (EVOC), análises de similitude (IRAMUTEQ), e análise temática de conteúdo. Os termos mais evocados foram: paciência, educador, amor e ensinar. As representações sociais dos pais/responsáveis dos alunos têm um caráter multidimensional, estruturado em dois eixos: uma imagem arraigada à noção de vocação; e o outro, no profissional enquanto educador. A análise temática também indicou uma representação do professor relacionada a um contexto de trabalho envolvido por desafios, precárias condições de trabalho, desprestígio social e violência. Constata-se assim uma dupla representação do professor, como aquele que possui vocação e como um profissional, trabalhador assalariado da educação, fato que pode estar relacionado a pouca atratividade da carreira docente.

Resumen El profesor, entre otros, es uno de los responsables por mejorar la calidad de la educación. Reflexionar acerca del papel este profesional en el contexto de la sociedad contemporánea, exige analizar los reflejos de los problemas políticos, económicos, sociales y culturales en la educación. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar y discutir la representación social de los padres/tutores de los estudiantes acerca de ser maestro hoy en día. 181 padres o tutores de estudiantes de escuelas primarias de la ciudad de Mossoró (Rio Grande do Norte) participaran en la investigación. Elos respondieran el TALP después de la presentación frase estimulo ser un profesor hoy en día. Se realizaron: análisis prototípico (software EVOC), análisis semejanza (IRAMUTEQ) y análisis temático de contenido. Los términos más evocados fueron: paciencia, educador, amar y enseñar. La representación social de los padres/tutores de los alumnos tiene un carácter multidimensional, que se estructura en dos ejes: una imagen arraigada la noción de la vocación; y otra en el profesional como educador. El análisis temático indicó también una representación del maestro relacionada con el contexto que envuelve desafíos, caracterizada por malas condiciones de trabajo, estatus social y violencia. Por lo tanto, hay una doble representación de los maestros, como el que tiene vocación y como profesional, empleado del sistema educacional, que puede estar relacionado con la poca atractividad de la carrera docente.

RESUMO

O objetivo deste relato de experiência é apresentar uma intervenção realizada com educadoras sociais de uma casa de acolhimento localizada na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS, cujo objetivo foi promover um espaço de escuta e reflexão sobre o trabalho com crianças em situação de acolhimento. Considerando os pressupostos da inserção ecológica, realizaram-se seis encontros quinzenais, com duração de 60 a 90 minutos, dos quais participaram de oito a 12 educadoras. Os dados foram registrados por meio de diário de campo. Constatou-se que a interação do grupo propiciou reflexões sobre o papel do educador social no acolhimento, concepções a respeito do trabalho e da criança acolhida. A presença de estigmas sobre o serviço e as crianças em situação de acolhimento permeou o discurso das participantes, que também destacaram a escassez de assistência e investimento em educação continuada, o que indica a necessidade de intervenções neste contexto.

The aim of this report is to present an intervention performed with social educators from a shelter located in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre / RS, whose proposal was to reflect about the work with sheltered children. Considering the assumption of the ecological insertion, six fortnightly meetings were held, lasting 60-90 minutes, attending about eight to 12 educators. The data were registered per field diaries. It was found that the interaction of the group promoted reflections about the role of the social educator on shelters, conceptions about work and the sheltered child. The presence of stigmas about sheltering and sheltered child permeated the discourse of the participants, as well as the shortage of assistance and investment in permanent/continuing education they face, which highlights the relevance of interventions in this context.

El objetivo de este relato es presentar una intervención realizada con educadoras sociales de una casa de acogida ubicada en la región metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS, cuya propuesta fue reflexionar sobre el trabajo con niños acogidos. Considerando los presupuestos de la inserción ecológica, se realizaron seis encuentros quincenales, con uma duración de 60 a 90 minutos, de los cuales participaron de ocho a 12 educadoras. Los datos se registraron a través de diarios de campo. Se constató que la interacción del grupo propició reflexiones sobre el papel del educador social en la acogida, sobre concepciones acerca del trabajo y del niño acogido. La presencia de estigmas sobre el servicio de acogida y sobre los niños acogidos permeó el discurso de las participantes, así como la escasez de asistencia e inversión en educación permanente que enfrentan, lo que destaca la relevancia de intervenciones en este contexto.

Assuntos

RESUMO

RESUMEN La formación del personal de salud a los más altos niveles, como aspira Cuba, constituye una tarea de primer orden, por lo que el ejemplo de docentes destacados constituye una fortaleza en este sentido. El objetivo del presente trabajo es socializar la historia de vida de Juana de Jesús Villalón Sánchez, licenciada en enfermería y destacada profesora, para mostrar sus valores éticos, humanistas y patrióticos, como ejemplo de la docencia y asistencia en la enfermería cubana correspondiéndose estos con los que se aspira del sector de la salud. Se desarrolló una investigación cualitativa, empleando la entrevista individual y el método histórico. Además, se utilizaron documentos inéditos relacionados con su trayectoria laboral, el cumplimiento de diferentes tareas encomendadas, así como, fotografías, testimonios, certificados y reconocimientos. Se describen diferentes etapas de su vida estudiantil, su trayectoria como enfermera y como profesora de Enfermería. Se hace referencia a su militancia comunista y en organizaciones de masas, su participación internacionalista en la República de Angola, en Yemen del Sur, en la República Bolivariana de Venezuela y pasajes de su vida familiar (AU).

ABSTRACT Health professionals' formation is undoubtedly one of the most valuable achievements of the Revolution so the example of the outstanding teachers constitute a pillar for the medical education. The objective of the current work is to socialize the life Juana de Jesús Villalón Sánchez, Bachelor of nursing and an outstanding teacher, showing her ethical-humanist and patriotic values, as an example of the teaching and assistance of the Cuban Nursing, which is in correspondence with what is expected from the Cuban Health System. A qualitative research was developed using the individual interview and the historical method. In addition, unpublished documents were used related to her professional career, the fulfillment of different tasks entrusted, as well as photographs, testimonies, certificates and acknowledgments. The study describes different stages of her school life, her professional career, as a nurse and as a nursing teacher. It also deals with her communist political affiliation and mass organizations activism. The paper includes her internationalist participation in the Republic of Angola, in South Yemen, and in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Passages of her family life are also described (AU).

Assuntos

RESUMO

RESUMEN La formación del personal de salud a los más altos niveles, como aspira Cuba, constituye una tarea de primer orden, por lo que el ejemplo de docentes destacados constituye una fortaleza en este sentido. El objetivo del presente trabajo es socializar la historia de vida de Juana de Jesús Villalón Sánchez, licenciada en enfermería y destacada profesora, para mostrar sus valores éticos, humanistas y patrióticos, como ejemplo de la docencia y asistencia en la enfermería cubana correspondiéndose estos con los que se aspira del sector de la salud. Se desarrolló una investigación cualitativa, empleando la entrevista individual y el método histórico. Además, se utilizaron documentos inéditos relacionados con su trayectoria laboral, el cumplimiento de diferentes tareas encomendadas, así como, fotografías, testimonios, certificados y reconocimientos. Se describen diferentes etapas de su vida estudiantil, su trayectoria como enfermera y como profesora de Enfermería. Se hace referencia a su militancia comunista y en organizaciones de masas, su participación internacionalista en la República de Angola, en Yemen del Sur, en la República Bolivariana de Venezuela y pasajes de su vida familiar (AU).

ABSTRACT Health professionals' formation is undoubtedly one of the most valuable achievements of the Revolution so the example of the outstanding teachers constitute a pillar for the medical education. The objective of the current work is to socialize the life Juana de Jesús Villalón Sánchez, Bachelor of nursing and an outstanding teacher, showing her ethical-humanist and patriotic values, as an example of the teaching and assistance of the Cuban Nursing, which is in correspondence with what is expected from the Cuban Health System. A qualitative research was developed using the individual interview and the historical method. In addition, unpublished documents were used related to her professional career, the fulfillment of different tasks entrusted, as well as photographs, testimonies, certificates and acknowledgments. The study describes different stages of her school life, her professional career, as a nurse and as a nursing teacher. It also deals with her communist political affiliation and mass organizations activism. The paper includes her internationalist participation in the Republic of Angola, in South Yemen, and in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Passages of her family life are also described (AU).

Assuntos

RESUMO

Este artigo versa sobre uma pesquisa-intervenção que investigou a atividade de trabalho do educador em um abrigo da cidade de Porto Alegre (RS). Analisando o trabalho como atividade, operou-se com as abordagens clínicas do trabalho da Ergologia e da Clínica da Atividade. Como estratégia metodológica, seguiram-se pistas do método da cartografia usando as seguintes estratégias: participação nas rotinas e proposição de coletivos de análise do trabalho com os educadores do abrigo. A atividade desses trabalhadores implica a gestão dos afetos engendrados nas relações com os acolhidos e demais trabalhadores, que nenhuma dimensão prescritiva é capaz de antecipar. Devido ao vazio de normativas acerca dos modos operatórios do trabalho de educar, o coletivo de trabalho configura-se como recurso para o enfrentamento das provações do real. Apontam-se, assim, espaços coletivos dos trabalhadores que catalisam análises acerca de sua atividade laboral.

This article deals with an intervention research that investigated the work activity of the educator in a shelter in the city of Porto Alegre (RS). Analyzing the work as an activity, we operated with the clinical approaches of Ergology and Clinic of Activity. As a methodological strategy, the following cartographic strategies were used: participation in the routines and proposition of collective analysis of the work with the shelter educators. The activity of these workers implies the management of the affections engendered in the relations with the sheltered ones and other workers that no prescriptive dimension is able to anticipate. Faced with the emptiness of normative about the operative modes of the work of educating, the collective of work configures itself as a resource to face the probations of the real. Thus, collective spaces of the workers that catalyze analyzes about their work activity are pointed out.

Este artículo versa sobre una investigación-intervención que pesquisó la actividad de trabajo del educador en un refugio de la ciudad de Porto Alegre (RS). Analizando el trabajo como actividad, se operó con los abordajes clínicos del trabajo de la Ergología y de la Clínica de la Actividad. Como estrategia metodológica, se siguieron pistas del método de la cartografía, usando las siguientes estrategias: participación en las rutinas y proposición de colectivos de análisis del trabajo junto a los educadores del refugio. La actividad de esos trabajadores implica la gestión de los afectos engendrados en las relaciones con los acogidos y demás trabajadores, que ninguna dimensión prescriptiva es capaz de anticipar. Ante el vacío de normativas acerca de los modos operatorios del trabajo de educar, el colectivo de trabajo se configura como recurso para el enfrentamiento de las pruebas de lo real. Se apunta, así, espacios colectivos de los trabajadores que catalizan análisis acerca de su actividad laboral.

Assuntos