RESUMO
PURPOSE: To correlate changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) with the degree of anterior inflammatory activity in chronic Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. METHODS: Anterior segment inflammation was assessed using SUN anterior chamber cell grading criteria, and SCT was measured using EDI-OCT in patients with VKH at multiple visits. ANOVA was used to compare the mean SCT for each anterior chamber cell grade. Regression analysis was used to correlate the anterior segment cell grade and the SCT. RESULTS: 14 patients were included in the study. A total of 432 data points consisting of SCT and anterior segment cell values were analyzed. ANOVA demonstrated significant difference between the mean SCT for different anterior chamber cell grades (p < .0001). Regression analysis demonstrated significant correlation between SCT and grade of anterior chamber cells (R2 = 0.37, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Chronic VKH is characterized by a dynamic change in SCT that correlates with anterior segment inflammatory activity.
Assuntos
Síndrome Uveomeningoencefálica , Corioide , Humanos , Inflamação/diagnóstico , Tamanho do Órgão , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Síndrome Uveomeningoencefálica/complicações , Síndrome Uveomeningoencefálica/diagnósticoRESUMO
Glaucoma is a chronic and progressive optic neuropathy characterized by the death of retinal ganglion cells and corresponding visual field loss. Despite the growing number of studies on the subject, the pathogenesis of the disease remains unclear. Notwithstanding, several studies have shown that the lamina cribrosa (LC) is considered an anatomic site of glaucomatous optic nerve injury, thus having a key role in the pathophysiology of glaucoma development and progression. Different morphological alterations of the LC have been described in vivo in glaucomatous eyes after the evolution of optical coherence tomography (OCT) devices. The most relevant findings were the reduction of laminar thickness, the presence of localized defects, and the posterior LC displacement. These new laminar parameters documented through OCT are not only promising as possible additional tools for glaucoma diagnosis and monitoring, but also as predictors of disease progression. In spite of the advance of technology, however, proper evaluation of the LC is not yet viable in all eyes. We describe OCT-identified LC changes related to the development and progression of glaucoma and provide future directions based on a critical data analysis, focusing on its clinical relevance and applicability.
Assuntos
Glaucoma , Disco Óptico , Doenças do Nervo Óptico , Glaucoma/diagnóstico , Glaucoma/patologia , Humanos , Pressão Intraocular , Doenças do Nervo Óptico/diagnóstico , Células Ganglionares da Retina/patologia , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/métodosRESUMO
PURPOSE: To describe characteristics of choroidal osteomas (CO), using ocular ultrasound, fluorescein angiography, ultra-widefield retinal imaging, ultra-widefield autofluorescence, optical coherence tomography, enhanced-depth-imaging OCT, and OCT angiography (OCT-A). METHODS: Retrospective, observational case series study. Clinical records from patients with diagnosis of CO who underwent complete imaging evaluation were analyzed. RESULTS: Sixteen eyes from 11 patients were included. Mean patient age was 33.4 years (range 20-61), 72.7% were female, 100% were Hispanic, and 54.5% had unilateral CO. Median visual acuity was 20/150 (range 20/20-2000). CO was completely calcified in 25%, partially decalcified in 50%, and decalcified in 25%. Other features included choroidal neovascularization (18.75%), focal choroidal excavation (12.5%), choroidal depression associated to decalcification (18.75%), thinning of outer retina and photoreceptor layers over decalcified tumor (75%). Decreased fluorescence on FAF was observed in decalcified regions while relatively preserved fluorescence was observed in calcified regions. CONCLUSIONS: Nowadays, diagnostic tests provide important information about each stage of choroidal osteoma. Progressive decalcification of the tumor might have a common pathogenic role for development of FCE or choroidal depression. OCT-A/FA proved to be valuable tools for detection of CNV in patients with CO.
RESUMO
Propósito: describir los hallazgos y la medición del grosor coroideo subfoveal utilizando tomografía óptica coherente de imagen de profundidad mejorada (EDI OCT), en paciente hispanos con sospecha clínica de atrofia coroidea relacionada con la edad (ARCA). Métodos: estudio descriptivo y trasversal en 17 pacientes con impresión clínica de ARCA, basados en: disminución de la agudeza visual de reciente aparición, alteraciones pigmentarias en la macula, apariencia de fondo de ojo atigrado y atrofia peripapilar a pesar de no ser miope. A todos se les realizó examen oftalmológico completo, que incluía: Agudeza visual mejor corregida (BCVA), biomicroscopía con lámpara de hendidura y evaluación del fondo de ojo bajo dilatación. A estos pacientes se les realizó fotografía digital del fondo de ojo y tomografía óptica coherente de imagen de profundidad mejorada (EDI OCT). Se realizó un total de 5 mediciones del grosor coroideo en el área macular en cada ojo. Resultados: se evaluaron 26 ojos de 14 pacientes, con una edad media de 70,86 años (DS± 8,46 años). El 57.14% fueron mujeres y el 42.86% hombres. El promedio de la agudeza visual fue 20/47 (0,38 LogMAR), el 80.2% presentaron manifestación binocular. La media del grosor coroideo fue 119,53 µm (DS±49,68µm). No hubo correlación estadísticamente signifi cativa entre la BCVA y grosor coroideo (P=0.407). Conclusión: la atrofia coroidea relacionada con la edad es una condición que puede presentarse en pacientes hispanos de edad avanzada. Afecta igualmente a hombres y mujeres, es usualmente bilateral y el grado de adelgazamiento de la coroides no predice la agudeza visual final.
Purpose: to describe the findings and measure the subfoveal choroidal thickness with Enhanced Depth Imaging (EDI) OCT in hispanics subjects with clinical impression of age-related choroidal atrophy (ARCA). Methods: a descriptive and cross-sectional study of 17 subjects with clinical impression of ARCA: based on recently decreased visual acuity, pigmentary alterations in the macula, a tessellated fundoscopic appearance, and peripapillary atrophy despite being not myopic. All patients had a comprehensive ocular examination, including BCVA, biomicroscopic and fundus examination. They underwent color fundus photography and EDI OCT. A total of 5 measurements were took of each eye. Results: twenty six eyes were included from 14 patients, with a mean age 70,86 years (SD ± 8,46 years). The 57,14% were female and 42.86% male. The mean visual acuity was 20/47 (0,38 LogMAR Equivalent), 80.2% had bilateral disease. The mean choroidal thickness was 119,53 µm (SD ± 49,68 µm). There was no statistically significant correlation between BCVA and choroidal thickness (p =0,407). Conclusions: the ARCA is a condition that can be present in elderly Hispanics subjects. Affects equally male and female, it is usually bilateral and the degree of choroidal thinning does not predict the final visual acuity.