RESUMO

Background: Cases of plant intoxication in small animals are observed frequently in the domestic environment, mainlybecause most dogs and cats live in households and occasionally have access to streets and rural areas. Among such toxicagents, ornamental plants of the genus Lilium and Hemerocallis, which are potentially nephrotoxic to the feline species,are highlighted. Affected cats start presenting clinical signs 1-6 h after plant ingestion. Renal failure takes place in 12-72h, and death may occur in an interval ranging from three to seven days. The objective of this article is to describe theepidemiological, clinical and pathological findings of lily (Lilium sp.) poisoning in two cats.Case: The aspects of lily poisoning in two cats are described (cat #1 and cat #2). Cat #1 was a 3-year-old, mixed breedfemale cat, which presented a clinical history of anorexia, apathy, drooling, vomiting and polydipsia. Serum biochemicalanalysis revealed creatinine elevation (21.2 mg/dL), as well as hyperphosphatemia (19 mg/dL). Seventy-two h after theonset of clinical signs, renal failure progressed to anuria, followed by death. The second animal of this report (cat #2) wasa 2-year-old, mixed-breed male cat. The animal was found dead by the owner without displaying any previous clinicalsigns. Cats #1 and #2 ingested leaves of lily, which were present in their households as ornamental plants. At necropsy, thekidneys of both cats presented mild enlargement. Moderate perirenal edema was also noted. Cat #1 showed morphologicextrarenal uremic lesions, characterized by ulcers in the oral mucosa and in the margin of the tongue ventral surface. Microscopic lesions observed in both cases were similar and compatible with acute toxic nephropathy. Histologically, severeepithelial cell degeneration and necrosis of proximal and distal convoluted tubules were noted. Other renal microscopicfindings included hyaline...

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Cases of plant intoxication in small animals are observed frequently in the domestic environment, mainlybecause most dogs and cats live in households and occasionally have access to streets and rural areas. Among such toxicagents, ornamental plants of the genus Lilium and Hemerocallis, which are potentially nephrotoxic to the feline species,are highlighted. Affected cats start presenting clinical signs 1-6 h after plant ingestion. Renal failure takes place in 12-72h, and death may occur in an interval ranging from three to seven days. The objective of this article is to describe theepidemiological, clinical and pathological findings of lily (Lilium sp.) poisoning in two cats.Case: The aspects of lily poisoning in two cats are described (cat #1 and cat #2). Cat #1 was a 3-year-old, mixed breedfemale cat, which presented a clinical history of anorexia, apathy, drooling, vomiting and polydipsia. Serum biochemicalanalysis revealed creatinine elevation (21.2 mg/dL), as well as hyperphosphatemia (19 mg/dL). Seventy-two h after theonset of clinical signs, renal failure progressed to anuria, followed by death. The second animal of this report (cat #2) wasa 2-year-old, mixed-breed male cat. The animal was found dead by the owner without displaying any previous clinicalsigns. Cats #1 and #2 ingested leaves of lily, which were present in their households as ornamental plants. At necropsy, thekidneys of both cats presented mild enlargement. Moderate perirenal edema was also noted. Cat #1 showed morphologicextrarenal uremic lesions, characterized by ulcers in the oral mucosa and in the margin of the tongue ventral surface. Microscopic lesions observed in both cases were similar and compatible with acute toxic nephropathy. Histologically, severeepithelial cell degeneration and necrosis of proximal and distal convoluted tubules were noted. Other renal microscopicfindings included hyaline... (AU)

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RESUMO

Este trabalho tem por objetivo determinar a prevalência das doenças que causam a morte ou levam à eutanásia de gatos da região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Para isto, foram revisados os arquivos do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV) da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) entre 1964 a 2013, e foram encontrados um total de 1.247 protocolos de necropsias de gatos. Em 878 protocolos (70,4%) a causa da morte e/ou razão para eutanásia foi estabelecida e em 369 casos (29,6%) não foi possível estabelecer uma causa definitiva. Os diagnósticos encontrados foram avaliados e distribuídos em diferentes categorias. Os grupos responsáveis pelo maior número de causas de morte ou razão para eutanásia em gatos foram os distúrbios causados por agentes físicos (15,6%), seguidos das doenças infecciosas e parasitárias (13,2%) e dos tumores (10,50%). Intoxicações e toxi-infecções (5,3%), doenças degenerativas (4,8%), distúrbios iatrogênicos (3,8%), doenças metabólicas e endocrinológicas (2,7%) foram categorias comuns. Doenças imunomediadas (2,1%), doenças nutricionais (1,6%), eutanásia por conveniência (1,4%) e distúrbios congênitos (1%) foram categorias incomuns. Outros distúrbios perfizeram 8,34% dos casos, As doenças mais importantes também foram avaliadas com relação à idade e os resultados obtidos demonstram que os adultos são mais acometidos pelo distúrbio do trato urinário inferior dos felinos, por traumas e por distúrbios iatrogênicos. Os gatos idosos são mais afetados por tumores e por doenças degenerativas, como a insuficiência renal crônica. Nos filhotes a principal doença que causa a morte ou eutanásia é a peritonite infecciosa feline.(AU)

The objective of this study was to determine the main diseases that cause death or euthanasia in cats in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The Veterinary Pathology Laboratory (LPV-UFSM) files were reviewed from 1964 to 2013 and a total of 1,247 cat necropsies protocols were found. In 878 (70.40%) protocols the cause of death and/or reason for euthanasia has been established while in 369 (29.59%) cases it was not possible to be determined and these were classified as inconclusive. The final diagnosis were evaluated and classified into different categories. The category which includes the largest number of causes of death or reason for euthanasia in cats are disorders due to physical agents (15.63%), followed by infectious and parasitic diseases (13.15%), tumors (10.50%), other disorders (8.34%), poisoning and toxinfections (5.29%), degenerative diseases (4.81%), iatrogenic disorders (3.76%), metabolic and endocrinological diseases (2.72%), immune-mediated diseases (2.08%), nutritional diseases (1.60), convenience euthanasia (1.44%) and congenital disorders (1.04%). The most important diseases were also evaluated according to age and the results demonstrated that adult cats are most affected by lower urinary tract disease, trauma and iatrogenic disorders. Elderly cats are most affected by tumors and chronic renal failure. However, in young cats, feline infections peritonitis were found to be the most important cause of death or euthanasia.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Este trabalho tem por objetivo determinar a prevalência das doenças que causam a morte ou levam à eutanásia de gatos da região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Para isto, foram revisados os arquivos do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV) da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) entre 1964 a 2013, e foram encontrados um total de 1.247 protocolos de necropsias de gatos. Em 878 protocolos (70,4%) a causa da morte e/ou razão para eutanásia foi estabelecida e em 369 casos (29,6%) não foi possível estabelecer uma causa definitiva. Os diagnósticos encontrados foram avaliados e distribuídos em diferentes categorias. Os grupos responsáveis pelo maior número de causas de morte ou razão para eutanásia em gatos foram os distúrbios causados por agentes físicos (15,6%), seguidos das doenças infecciosas e parasitárias (13,2%) e dos tumores (10,50%). Intoxicações e toxi-infecções (5,3%), doenças degenerativas (4,8%), distúrbios iatrogênicos (3,8%), doenças metabólicas e endocrinológicas (2,7%) foram categorias comuns. Doenças imunomediadas (2,1%), doenças nutricionais (1,6%), eutanásia por conveniência (1,4%) e distúrbios congênitos (1%) foram categorias incomuns. Outros distúrbios perfizeram 8,34% dos casos, As doenças mais importantes também foram avaliadas com relação à idade e os resultados obtidos demonstram que os adultos são mais acometidos pelo distúrbio do trato urinário inferior dos felinos, por traumas e por distúrbios iatrogênicos. Os gatos idosos são mais afetados por tumores e por doenças degenerativas, como a insuficiência renal crônica. Nos filhotes a principal doença que causa a morte ou eutanásia é a peritonite infecciosa feline.(AU)

The objective of this study was to determine the main diseases that cause death or euthanasia in cats in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The Veterinary Pathology Laboratory (LPV-UFSM) files were reviewed from 1964 to 2013 and a total of 1,247 cat necropsies protocols were found. In 878 (70.40%) protocols the cause of death and/or reason for euthanasia has been established while in 369 (29.59%) cases it was not possible to be determined and these were classified as inconclusive. The final diagnosis were evaluated and classified into different categories. The category which includes the largest number of causes of death or reason for euthanasia in cats are disorders due to physical agents (15.63%), followed by infectious and parasitic diseases (13.15%), tumors (10.50%), other disorders (8.34%), poisoning and toxinfections (5.29%), degenerative diseases (4.81%), iatrogenic disorders (3.76%), metabolic and endocrinological diseases (2.72%), immune-mediated diseases (2.08%), nutritional diseases (1.60), convenience euthanasia (1.44%) and congenital disorders (1.04%). The most important diseases were also evaluated according to age and the results demonstrated that adult cats are most affected by lower urinary tract disease, trauma and iatrogenic disorders. Elderly cats are most affected by tumors and chronic renal failure. However, in young cats, feline infections peritonitis were found to be the most important cause of death or euthanasia.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the main diseases that cause death or euthanasia in cats in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The Veterinary Pathology Laboratory (LPV-UFSM) files were reviewed from 1964 to 2013 and a total of 1,247 cat necropsies protocols were found. In 878 (70.40%) protocols the cause of death and/or reason for euthanasia has been established while in 369 (29.59%) cases it was not possible to be determined and these were classified as inconclusive. The final diagnosis were evaluated and classified into different categories. The category which includes the largest number of causes of death or reason for euthanasia in cats are disorders due to physical agents (15.63%), followed by infectious and parasitic diseases (13.15%), tumors (10.50%), other disorders (8.34%), poisoning and toxinfections (5.29%), degenerative diseases (4.81%), iatrogenic disorders (3.76%), metabolic and endocrinological diseases (2.72%), immune-mediated diseases (2.08%), nutritional diseases (1.60), convenience euthanasia (1.44%) and congenital disorders (1.04%). The most important diseases were also evaluated according to age and the results demonstrated that adult cats are most affected by lower urinary tract disease, trauma and iatrogenic disorders. Elderly cats are most affected by tumors and chronic renal failure. However, in young cats, feline infections peritonitis were found to be the most important cause of death or euthanasia.

RESUMO: Este trabalho tem por objetivo determinar a prevalência das doenças que causam a morte ou levam à eutanásia de gatos da região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Para isto, foram revisados os arquivos do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV) da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) entre 1964 a 2013, e foram encontrados um total de 1.247 protocolos de necropsias de gatos. Em 878 protocolos (70,4%) a causa da morte e/ou razão para eutanásia foi estabelecida e em 369 casos (29,6%) não foi possível estabelecer uma causa definitiva. Os diagnósticos encontrados foram avaliados e distribuídos em diferentes categorias. Os grupos responsáveis pelo maior número de causas de morte ou razão para eutanásia em gatos foram os distúrbios causados por agentes físicos (15,6%), seguidos das doenças infecciosas e parasitárias (13,2%) e dos tumores (10,50%). Intoxicações e toxi-infecções (5,3%), doenças degenerativas (4,8%), distúrbios iatrogênicos (3,8%), doenças metabólicas e endocrinológicas (2,7%) foram categorias comuns. Doenças imunomediadas (2,1%), doenças nutricionais (1,6%), eutanásia por conveniência (1,4%) e distúrbios congênitos (1%) foram categorias incomuns. Outros distúrbios perfizeram 8,34% dos casos, As doenças mais importantes também foram avaliadas com relação à idade e os resultados obtidos demonstram que os adultos são mais acometidos pelo distúrbio do trato urinário inferior dos felinos, por traumas e por distúrbios iatrogênicos. Os gatos idosos são mais afetados por tumores e por doenças degenerativas, como a insuficiência renal crônica. Nos filhotes a principal doença que causa a morte ou eutanásia é a peritonite infecciosa feline.

RESUMO

Background: Congenital defects and diseases have hereditary or acquired etiology that affects domestic and wildlife animals, and humans. These anomalies are usually isolated and their location and intensity determine the survival of affected animals. Congenital malformations in domestic cats are less frequent than in dogs. Although some racial groups of cats seem to present greater predisposition to develop certain types of congenital defects and / or hereditary diseases, such information is controversial and has been discussed in several reports. Some malformations are rare in cats and poorly reported in Brazil and when they occur, mostly, are not identified or the etiology is unknown. Case: This report describes the clinicopathological features of three newborn Persian kittens of the same dam. They were examined soon after birth because had multiple congenital malformations that involved the oral and nasal cavities, limbs, eyes, abdominal cavity and the vertebrae. The abnormalities were characterized by hyperextension in limbs and palatosquisis (Kittens 1, 2, and 3), unilateral and bilateral clinical anophthalmia (Kittens 1 and 3, respectively), unilateral cheiloschisis (Kittens 2), kyphosis, and abdominosquisis (1). At necropsy the Kitten 1 showed in the right eye socket rudiments of the eye covered with skin, and failure in the lining of the hard palate with bilateral hypoplasia of the soft palate. Microscopically, the microphthalmia was confirmed, and were observed dysplastic structures similar to the lens, retina and the ciliary body, and periocular glandular structures, as well as confirmed aplasia cutis in the hard palate with abrupt failure in the ectodermal and mesodermal tissues. Based on epidemiological findings, as well as the types of macroscopic and microscopic changes observed in this study, suggests hereditary component to the pathogenesis of these malformations. Discussion: The epidemiological and clinicopathological findings presented by the three Persian cats malformed suggested hereditary congenital abnormalities associated with high degree of inbreeding. Inbreeding corresponds to the crossing between individuals of the same family tree, it is reported in many species and allows unwanted remaining genes being passed on and increase the chances of defects and hereditary diseases in the offspring. Although many of these abnormalities are infrequent and many of them are rare in cats. Several reports point to possible etiologies associated with genetic defects and hereditary diseases in cats. However, there are many congenital abnormalities similar to those observed in this study developed after exposure to stressors during pregnancy, not observed in this work. In this study the association of multiple hereditary anomalies with changes occurring in the offspring are enhanced not only by the account of inbreeding in the cattery, but also by the data concerning the handling of animals, which ruled out the possibility of changes caused by medications or stress caused by the cat during pregnancy. Comparing the human species the chances of the conditions described in this report are inherited are high and can be seen as a consensus among most authors, that animals with these defects should not be introduced into breeding schemes. There are no reports of malformations similar to those observed in this study, occurring simultaneously in the feline species in Brazil. Because of possible hereditary etiology is recommended castration of animals which survive to the abnormalities.

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