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The influence of digital media on child cognitive development is a complex factor that goes beyond screen time. This study investigates the broader impact of digital media on child cognitive development, considering contextual variables such content type, parental mediation, and maternal mental health. Brazilian mothers (N = 212) of children 4-36 months old answered an online survey. Results showed that children's screen time increases with age. The model with unmediated use, non-educational content, and mother's screen time explains 28.7 % of children's screen time variance. Non-educational content and simultaneous screen media use explained 5.3 % of the variance in toddlers' cognitive development. Mothers with common mental disorders tended not to mediate their children's media use. We discuss the influence of caregivers' availability to mediate infants' and toddlers' digital media use and its impact on children's cognitive development. These findings underscore the necessity for educational and awareness campaigns aimed at fostering access to high-quality digital content for children during critical stages of development.
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Desenvolvimento Infantil , Cognição , Tempo de Tela , Humanos , Feminino , Lactente , Masculino , Desenvolvimento Infantil/fisiologia , Cognição/fisiologia , Pré-Escolar , Mães/psicologia , Adulto , Brasil , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
This database consists of the Peruvian media diet in a post-pandemic context. Specifically, it examines how Peruvians define and utilise media to create environments for information, learning, and entertainment. Since the pandemic, the relationship that users have developed with the media has intensified and changed, fostering new uses and interactions. However, our data demonstrates that the Peruvian public maintains a critical role towards mass media (broadcasting model) [1], which motivates them to seek out media and platforms that cater to their interests and expectations. In this regard, we compare three axes of analysis (information, education, and entertainment), taking socio demographic variables, to produce a baseline that is useful for specific research projects. Through a quantitative approach we explored the expectations, decisions, forms of interaction, and satisfactions that users obtain in their relationship with the media, offering new theoretical insights based on emerging data, such as the level of planning in content consumption or the role that traditional media play in different age and socioeconomic groups.
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BACKGROUND: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren is increasing in Peru. Given the increased use of digital media, there is potential to develop effective digital health interventions to promote healthy eating practices at schools. This study investigates the needs of schoolchildren in relation to healthy eating and the potential role of digital media to inform the design of game-based nutritional interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore schoolchildren's knowledge about healthy eating and use of and preferences for digital media to inform the future development of a serious game to promote healthy eating. METHODS: A survey was conducted in 17 schools in metropolitan Lima, Peru. The information was collected virtually with specific questions for the schoolchild and their caregiver during October 2021 and November 2021 and following the COVID-19 public health restrictions. Questions on nutritional knowledge and preferences for and use of digital media were included. In the descriptive analysis, the percentages of the variables of interest were calculated. RESULTS: We received 3937 validated responses from caregivers and schoolchildren. The schoolchildren were aged between 8 years and 15 years (2030/3937, 55.8% girls). Of the caregivers, 83% (3267/3937) were mothers, and 56.5% (2223/3937) had a secondary education. Only 5.2% (203/3937) of schoolchildren's homes did not have internet access; such access was through WiFi (2151/3937, 54.6%) and mobile internet (1314/3937, 33.4%). In addition, 95.3% (3753/3937) of schoolchildren's homes had a mobile phone; 31.3% (1233/3937) had computers. In relation to children's knowledge on healthy eating, 42.2% (1663/3937) of schoolchildren did not know the recommendation to consume at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables daily, 46.7% (1837/3937) of schoolchildren did not identify front-of-package warning labels (FOPWLs), and 63.9% (2514/3937) did not relate the presence of an FOPWL with dietary risk. Most schoolchildren (3100/3937, 78.7%) preferred to use a mobile phone. Only 38.3% (1509/3937) indicated they preferred a computer. In addition, 47.9% (1885/3937) of caregivers considered that the internet helps in the education of schoolchildren, 82.7% (3254/3937) of caregivers gave permission for schoolchildren to play games with digital devices, and 38% (1495/3937) of caregivers considered that traditional digital games for children are inadequate. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that knowledge about nutrition in Peruvian schoolchildren has limitations. Most schoolchildren have access to the internet, with mobile phones being the device type with the greatest availability and preference for use. Caregivers' perspectives on games and schoolchildren, including a greater interest in using digital games, provide opportunities for the design and development of serious games to improve schoolchildren's nutritional knowledge in Peru. Future research is needed to explore the potential of serious games that are tailored to the needs and preferences of both schoolchildren and their caregivers in Peru in order to promote healthy eating.
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This narrative review explores the diverse representations of epilepsy in art across different historical periods, examining the intersection of artistic expression with evolving cultural, medical, and societal perceptions. Beginning with ancient and medieval depictions intertwined with religious symbolism, the paper progresses through the Renaissance, and Baroque, and transitions into modern and avant-garde movements. Each period reflects changing attitudes towards epilepsy, from divine interpretations, and religious concerns to anatomical realism and, later, explorations of psychological themes. The contemporary lens focuses on inclusive and empathetic portrayals, utilizing digital media to challenge stigmas and foster understanding.
Esta revisão narrativa explora as diversas representações da epilepsia na arte em diferentes períodos históricos, examinando a intersecção da expressão artística com a evolução das percepções culturais, médicas e sociais. Começando com representações antigas e medievais entrelaçadas com simbolismo religioso, o artigo avança através da Renascença e do Barroco, e transita para movimentos modernos e de vanguarda. Cada período reflete mudanças de atitudes em relação à epilepsia, desde interpretações divinas e preocupações religiosas até o realismo anatômico e, mais tarde, explorações de temas psicológicos. A lente contemporânea centra-se em representações inclusivas e empáticas, utilizando meios digitais para desafiar estigmas e promover a compreensão.
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This article analyzes the media coverage of the COVID-19 vaccine by major media outlets in five Latin American countries: Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Mexico, and Peru. For this purpose, the XLM-roBERTa model was applied and the sentiments of all tweets published between January 2020 and June 2023 (n = 24,243) by the five outlets with the greatest online reach in each country were analyzed. The results show that the sentiment in the overall media and in each nation studied was mostly negative, and only at the beginning of the pandemic was there some positivity. In recent months, negative sentiment has increased twelvefold over positive sentiment, and has also garnered many more interactions than positive sentiment. The differences by platform and country are minimal, but there are markedly negative media, some more inclined to neutrality, and only one where positive sentiment predominates. This paper questions the role of journalism in Latin America during a health crisis as serious as that of the coronavirus, in which, instead of the expected neutrality, or even a certain message of hope, the media seem to have been dragged along by the negativity promoted by certain discourses far removed from scientific evidence.
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Internet access has become a fundamental component of contemporary society, with major impacts in many areas that offer opportunities for new research insights. The search and deposition of information in digital media form large sets of data known as digital corpora, which can be used to generate structured data, representing repositories of knowledge and evidence of human culture. This information offers opportunities for scientific investigations that contribute to the understanding of human behavior on a large scale, reaching human populations/individuals that would normally be difficult to access. These tools can help access social and cultural varieties worldwide. In this article, we briefly review the potential of these corpora in the study of human behavior. Therefore, we propose Culturomics of Human Behavior as an approach to understand, explain, and predict human behavior using digital corpora.
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Screen media use starts in early childhood, despite recommendations to limit use. This study explored low-income Mexican American mothers' and fathers' beliefs, parenting practices, and perceived contextual contributors related to toddler screen use. We conducted interviews with 32 low-income Mexican American parents. Transcripts of audio recordings were analyzed to identify themes. Parents perceived numerous benefits to screen use, including learning and enjoyment, as well as seeing it as a helpful tool for parents. Reported risks included harmful mental and physical effects and a risk of use being all-consuming. Parents managed screen use with a variety of practices, including giving close attention to content, monitoring duration, and engaging in co-use. They also used screens for behavior management and in specific situations, such as to prepare for sleep. Some differences in beliefs and parenting practices exist by screen device type. Parents also reported that contextual factors, such as weather and neighborhood safety, influenced screen use. This study extends the current literature regarding child screen use, with its focus on low-income Mexican American toddlers. The findings offer interventionists and providers insight into the management of screens in the lives of this population.
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Americanos Mexicanos , Poder Familiar , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Mães , Relações Pais-Filho , Pobreza , Pai , MasculinoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the preliminary effectiveness of a school-based intervention to promote digital citizenship (DC) in Perú. METHODS: We piloted a translation and cultural adaptation of a DC curriculum originally designed for the U.S. with students in Perú. Students were assigned to either the Intervention group (n = 136, 52% female; mean age = 13.3) or Control group (n = 130, 55% female; mean age = 13.4). Students in the Control group continued with "business-as-usual" during their advisory period while the Intervention group received the DC curriculum. RESULTS: We found limited evidence that the DC curriculum can promote positive online experience and online conflict resolution skills, as well as increase knowledge regarding DC terms and concepts. However, the lack of strong effects suggests the need to revise materials, improve implementation and consider further adaptations. Nonetheless, results from this proof-of-concept study provide building blocks for future implementations of DC interventions for youth in Latin America.
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Cidadania , Currículo , Humanos , Adolescente , Feminino , Masculino , Peru , EstudantesRESUMO
Resumo Este artigo analisa duas páginas do Instagram administradas por influenciadores digitais que apresentam conteúdo reflexivo voltado a homens em torno da construção da masculinidade, buscando compreender as formas de subjetivação imanentes à publicação de conteúdo. A análise se centrou nas descrições biográficas, no conteúdo imagético e audiovisual e no acompanhamento das publicações no perfil e nos stories por um ano. Identificamos que seus temas centrais são o controle das emoções e os relacionamentos conjugais, associados à construção de uma masculinidade denominada "saudável". Seu desenvolvimento passa pelo consumo de práticas terapêuticas oferecidas em cursos e produtos vendidos através da plataforma. O consumo midiático das masculinidades exige, aos seus seguidores, investimentos financeiros e articula-se à lógica do empreendedorismo de si. Busca-se, nesses investimentos, um ideal de sujeito autônomo e autorrealizado consubstanciado na construção individual de uma "masculinidade saudável".
Resumen Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar dos páginas de Instagram administradas por influencers digitales que presentan contenido reflexivo para hombres en torno al tema de la construcción de la masculinidad. Buscamos comprender las formas de subjetivación inmanentes al contenido publicitado. El análisis se centró en descripciones biográficas, imágenes y contenido audiovisual, y seguimiento de publicaciones en su perfil y stories durante un año. Identificamos como sus temas centrales el control de las emociones y las relaciones amorosas, asociadas a la construcción de la denominada "masculinidad saludable". Esa construcción requiere el consumo de prácticas terapéuticas ofrecidas en cursos y productos a través de la plataforma. El consumo mediático de las masculinidades requiere, de sus seguidores, inversiones financieras y se articula a la lógica del emprendimiento del yo. Tal inversión se realiza en función de un ideal de sujeto autónomo y autorrealizado encarnado en la construcción individual de una "masculinidad saludable".
Abstract This article analyses two Instagram pages managed by digital influencers who present reflexive content for men about the construction of masculinity. It addresses the forms of subjectivation immanent in the content publicised. The analysis was focused on biographical descriptions, imagery and audiovisual content, and monitoring of posts in their user profile and stories during one year. The themes identified as central were the control of emotions and romantic relationships, associated with the construction of the so-called "healthy masculinity". That construction requires the consumption of therapeutic practices offered in courses and products through the platform. The media consumption of masculinities requires, from their followers, financial investments and it is articulated to the logic of entrepreneurship of the self. Those investments work towards an ideal of autonomous and self-realised subject embodied in the individual construction of a "healthy masculinity".
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Humanos , Masculino , Identificação Social , Mídias Sociais/tendências , Equidade de Gênero , Sexualidade , Estereotipagem de Gênero , HomensRESUMO
Resumo Diferentes análises sobre a participação política de evangélicas(os) pentecostais no Brasil nos últimos anos têm chamado a atenção para transformações causadas pelos usos de mídias digitais por estes grupos. Em busca de ampliar este debate a partir de elementos que compõem usos cotidianos de grupos de oração no WhatsApp, o objetivo deste artigo é compreender como as disputas engajadas por mulheres pentecostais têm ressignificado suas carreiras pastorais e formado novas coletividades evangélicas. Com a emergência de outros modos de viver as intimidades propiciadas por dispositivos móveis, reflito sobre relações religiosas estabelecidas através de imagens e sons em grupos de WhatsApp, além dos impactos digitais nas dinâmicas de autoridade religiosa feminina e sua expansão transnacional.
Resumen Diferentes análisis sobre la participación política de los evangélicos pentecostales en Brasil en los últimos años han llamado la atención sobre las transformaciones provocadas por el uso de medios digitales por parte de estos grupos. Buscando ampliar este debate a partir de elementos que componen el uso cotidiano de los grupos de oración en WhatsApp, busqué comprender cómo las disputas libradas por las mujeres pentecostales han resignificado sus carreras pastorales y conformado nuevas colectividades evangélicas. Con el surgimiento de otras formas de experimentar las intimidades que brindan los dispositivos móviles, reflexiono sobre las relaciones religiosas que se establecen a través de imágenes y sonidos en los grupos de WhatsApp, además del impacto digital en la dinámica de la autoridad religiosa femenina y su expansión transnacional.
Abstract Recent literature on the political participation of Pentecostal evangelicals in Brazil has drawn attention to the transformations caused by their use of digital media. To broaden this debate, in this article I describe the everyday use of the WhatsApp instant messaging program by prayer groups, shedding light on how disputes engaged by Pentecostal women have re-signified their pastoral careers and formed new evangelical collectivities. With the emergence of other ways of experiencing the intimacy provided by mobile devices, I reflect on religious connections established across images and sounds in WhatsApp groups, in addition to the digital impact on the dynamics of female religious authority and its transnational expansion.
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Humanos , Feminino , Mulheres/educação , Mídias Sociais/tendências , Religiosos , Manobras Políticas , Política , Religião , Religião/história , Brasil , Rede Social , Papel de GêneroRESUMO
Os bebês, hoje, vêm sendo expostos às telas já durante o primeiro ano de vida. Essa exposição é possibilitada pelos adultos, que por diferentes razões, disponibilizam para as crianças seus próprios smartphones ou outros dispositivos. E o que será que pais e profissionais da educação infantil pensam sobre a exposição do bebê às telas? Para explorar a percepção dos cuidadores de bebês com até 3 anos sobre como as novas tecnologias permeiam as rotinas familiar e escolar e afetam o desenvolvimento infantil, assim como propiciar um espaço de escuta, psicoeducação e reflexão, uma intervenção clínica foi proposta. Foram realizados encontros com cuidadores de bebês em uma escola de educação infantil na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Os encontros transcorreram na modalidade roda de conversa e possibilitaram importantes reflexões sobre um tema que reverbera na saúde mental das crianças e nas interações com seus cuidadores.
It is already known that babies are often exposed to screens during their first year of life. This exposure is mediated by adults, who hand their smartphones or other devices to children for several reasons. What do parents and school caregivers think about a baby's screen exposure? To explore the perceptions of caregivers of babies up to 3 years old about how new technologies pervade family and school routines, affecting children's development, and to provide an opportunity for listening, psychoeducation and reflections, a clinical intervention was proposed. The intervention took place in a kindergarten school located in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil, during three group sessions, using a conversation wheel. The group intervention enabled caregivers to discuss an important theme, which affects the baby's development and relationships.
La exposición de los bebés a pantallas generalmente ocurre durante el primer año de vida del bebé y es facilitada por los adultos. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, ¿qué piensan padres, madres y profesores? Para responder a esa cuestión una intervención clínica buscó explorar lo que piensan padres, madres y profesores de niños hasta 3 años acerca de las nuevas tecnologías en la rutina doméstica y escolar, como también proponer un espacio de escucha, psicoeducación y reflexión. La práctica ocurrió en una escuela infantil en la región metropolitana de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, usando la modalidad de conversaciones grupales. La intervención permitió a los padres y profesores reflexionar un tema que repercute en la salud mental de los niños y en las relaciones entre los bebés y sus cuidadores.
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Humanos , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Intervenção PsicossocialRESUMO
O progresso tecnológico modificou as formas de inte-ração entre os indivíduos. A psicanálise, enquanto método de investigação de processos mentais, resguarda pressupostos teóricos e técnicos, ao mesmo tempo que considera as mudanças sociais de cada época. O presente estudo visou investigar as possíveis implicações do uso de mídias digitais, tais como celulares e aplicativos co-mo WhatsApp e Skype, na relação transferencial entre paciente e psicanalista. Assim, o objetivo foi verificar como as tecnologias de informação e comunicação são percebidas e utilizadas por profissionais, no contexto da clínica psicanalítica pré-pandemia da covid-19. A pes-quisa foi realizada com a utilização do método clínico-qualitativo e os dados foram examinados a partir da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Participaram oito psicana-listas brasileiros, os quais foram entrevistados a partir de um roteiro semidirigido, no período de 2018 a 2019. Os resultados apontaram que as tecnologias adentraram os consultórios, tornando-se parte do trabalho analítico. Os profissionais entrevistados manifestaram oposições frente aos novos dispositivos no exercício da clínica psicanalítica, ressaltando diferenças entre contatos pre-senciais e virtuais. Porém, consideraram que a relação transferencial, fundamental para o trabalho psicanalítico, mantém-se independentemente de o setting ser presencial ou digital. Finalmente, verificou-se certa flexibilização no uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação com os pacientes em situações emergenciais, possibilitando refletir, inclusive, sobre o impacto da pandemia no mo-do de praticar o atendimento na clínica psicanalítica.
Technological progress has modified the interactions between individuals. Psychoanalysis, as a method of investigating mental processes, safeguards theoreti-cal and technical assumptions while considering the social changes of each era. The present study aimed to investigate the possible implications of the use of digital media, such as cellphones and apps, such as WhatsApp and Skype, in the transference relation between patient and psychoanalyst. Thus, the objective was to investigate how information and communication technologies are perceived and used by professionals in the context of the psychoanalytic clinic previous to the covid-19 pandemic. The research was conducted using the clinical-qualitative method. The data were analyzed using the content analysis technique. Eight Brazilian psychoanalysts participated, who were in-terviewed based on a semi-directed script from 2018 to 2019. The results showed that technologies entered the clinics, becoming part of the analytical work. The interviewed professionals expressed opposition to the new devices in the practice of the psychoanalytic clin-ic, highlighting differences between face-to-face and virtual contacts. However, they considered that the transferential relation, fundamental for psychoanalytic work, remains regardless of whether the setting is face-to-face or digital. Finally, there was a certain flexibility in the use of information and communication technol-ogies with patients in emergency situations, enabling the reflection on the impact of the pandemic on how attendance is practiced in the psychoanalytic clinic.
El progreso tecnológico modificó las formas de interacción entre los individuos. El psicoanálisis, como método de investigación de los procesos mentales, protege supuestos teóricos y técnicosal mismo tiempo que considera los cambios sociales de cada época. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar las posibles implicaciones del uso de medios digitales, como teléfonos celulares y aplicaciones como WhatsApp y Skype, en la relación transferencial entre paciente y psicoanalista. Así, el objetivo fue investigar cómo las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación son percibidas y utilizadas por los profesionales, en el contexto de la clínica psicoanalítica pre pandemia covid-19. La investigación se llevó a cabo utilizando el método clínico-cualitativo y los datos fueron analizados mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido. Participaron ocho psicoanalistas brasileños, que fueron entrevistados a partir de un guion semidirigido, del 2018 a 2019. Los resultados mostraron que las tecnologías entraron en los consultorios, convirtiéndose en parte del trabajo analítico. Los profesionales entrevistados expresaron oposición a los nuevos dispositivos en la práctica de la clínica psicoanalítica, destacando diferencias entre los contactos presenciales y virtuales. Sin embargo, consideraron que la relación transferencial, fundamental para el trabajo psicoanalítico, se mantiene independientemente de que el setting sea presencial o digital. Finalmente, hubo cierta flexibilidad en el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación con pacientes en situaciones de emergencia, lo que permitió reflexionar, incluso, sobre el impacto de la pandemia en la forma de practicar la asistencia en la clínica psicoanalítica.
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Humanos , Pacientes , Mudança Social , Comunicação , Tecnologia da Informação , Pandemias , COVID-19 , Processos MentaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Dental caries is the most common non transmissible chronic disease in childhood and the control of dental biofilm in children is one of the greatest challenges in oral disease prevention. Digital media applications can help patients in improving their oral hygiene performance and reducing the number of appointments due to pain and discomfort reasons. This study aims to investigate the use of an smartphone application (WhatsApp) to deliver oral health education to mother-child pairs, with the ultimate goal of controlling dental biofilm and caries through digital activities focused on oral hygiene. METHODS: This study was designed as a randomized, double-blind, parallel clinical trial involving 100 pairs of mothers and children (6-12 years old). The mothers and children will be randomly allocated to the control group (n = 50 pairs), who will receive a single visit conventional oral health education, or to the experimental group (n = 50 pairs), who will receive both a single visit conventional oral health education and educational videos through WhatsApp Messenger, twice a week. Before randomization of the groups and after the intervention, pairs will be evaluated regarding to plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), and number of decayed, missing and filled permanent or primary teeth (DMF-T) modified by the inclusion of active non-cavitated carious lesions (Nyvad criteria). Socioeconomic data, dental history, and oral health literacy will obtained using questionnaires (Oral Health Literacy Assessment Task for Paediatric Dentistry; BOHLAT-P). Chi-square, Student's t-test, paired Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney, and Friedman tests will be used with a 5% significance level. DISCUSSION: This intervention proposal is designed to motivate behavioral change in mother-child pairs. We hypothesize that adding digital media to traditional oral health programs will provoke improvements in oral hygiene behavior and health outcomes. To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the effect of educational videos communicated by digital media (WhatsApp) on the oral health of mother-child pairs evaluated by long-term dental examinations. In addition, we will assess the maternal level of comprehension of the provided information via a literacy assessment tool. The clinical trial is registered at the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (No. RBR-7s8bw6m).
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Cárie Dentária , Criança , Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Educação em Saúde Bucal , Humanos , Internet , Relações Mãe-Filho , Saúde Bucal , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
This study compared children's and mothers' digital media use and mothers' mental health in two samples: one accessed before (Group 1; N = 257; M = 33.18 years; SD = 4.79) and the other accessed during (Group 2; N = 256; M = 33.51 years; SD = 4.96) the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Mothers of children up to 3 years old (Group 1: M = 17.95 months, SD = 9.85; Group 2: M = 16.48 months, SD = 10.15) answered an online survey. Bivariate analysis, factorial ANOVA tests, and multiple linear regression were performed. Results suggest that mothers' and children's media use duration was higher during the pandemic only among children over 12 months. Mothers' media use duration (ß = .18) and mothers' intention to offer media (ß = .23) contributed to the explanation of children's media use duration (F(4, 474) = 16.81; p < .001; R2 = .12; R2 adjusted = .117). Higher mothers' common mental disorders symptoms were also positively correlated to mothers' intention to offer media to children both before and during the pandemic. Results suggest that interventions focusing on infants and toddlers screen time reduction should target maternal aspects such as mental health, maternal screen time, and intention to offer media, taking into account the mothers' needs when planning these actions.
Este estudio comparó el uso de los medios digitales por parte de los niños y las madres con la salud mental de las madres en dos grupos muestra: uno al cual se tuvo acceso antes (Grupo 1: N = 257; M = 33.18 años; SD = 4.79) y el otro al cual se tuvo acceso durante (Grupo 2; N = 256; M = 33.51 años; SD = 4.96) la pandemia del COVID-19 en Brasil. Las madres de niños de hasta tres años (Grupo 1: M = 17.95 meses, SD = 9.85; Grupo 2: M = 16.48 meses, SD = 10.15) respondieron una encuesta electrónica. Los análisis bivariados los exámenes factoriales ANOVA, así como múltiples regresiones lineales se llevaron a cabo. Los resultados indican que la duración de uso de los medios por parte de las madres y los niños fue más alta durante la pandemia sólo entre niños de más de 12 meses. La duración de uso de los medios por parte de las madres (ß = 0.18) y la intención de las madres de ofrecer los medios (ß = 0.23) contribuyeron a explicar la duración de uso de los medios por parte de los niños (F(4,474) = 16,81; p < .001; R2 = .12; R2 ajustado = .117). Más altos síntomas de trastornos mentales comunes en las madres se correlacionaron también positivamente con la intención de las madres de ofrecer los medios a los niños tanto antes como durante la pandemia. Los resultados indican que las intervenciones enfocadas en reducir el tiempo frente a la pantalla de infantes y niños pequeñitos deben dirigirse a los aspectos maternos como la salud mental, el tiempo de la madre frente a la pantalla, así como la intención de ofrecer los medios, tomando en cuenta las necesidades de las madres cuando se planeen estas acciones.
Cette étude a comparé l'utilisation des médias numériques des enfants et des mères et la santé mentale des mères chez deux échantillons: l'un accédé avant la pandémie du Covid-19 (Groupe 1; N = 257; M = 33,18 ans; SD = 4,79) et l'autre accédé durant la pandémie du covid-19 (Groupe 2; N = 256; M = 33,51 ans; SD = 4,96) au Brésil. Les mères d'enfants jusqu'à l'âge de trois ans (Groupe 1: M = 17,95 mois, SD = 9,85; Groupe 2: M = 16,48 mois, SD = 10,15) ont répondu à un questionnaire en ligne. Une analyse à deux variables, des tests ANOVA factoriels, et une régression linéaire multiple ont été faits. Les résultats suggèrent que la durée de l'utilisation média des mères et des enfants a été plus élevée durant la pandémie uniquement pour les enfants de plus de 12 mois. La durée de l'utilisation média des mères (ß = 0,18) et l'intention des mères à offrir le média (ß = 0,23) a contribué à l'explication de la durée de l'utilisation média des enfants (F(4, 474) = 16,81; p <,001; R2 = ,12; R2 adjusté = ,117). Plus de symptômes communs de troubles mentaux des mères était aussi lié de manière positive à l'intention des mères d'offrir le média à la fois avant et durant la pandémie. Les résultats suggèrent que les interventions s'attachant à la réduction du temps d'écran des bébés et des petits enfants devraient cibler des aspects maternels comme la santé mentale, le temps d'écran maternel, et l'intention d'offrir le média, prenant en compte les besoins des mères en planifiant ces actions.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Pandemias , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Internet , Saúde Mental , Relações Mãe-Filho , Mães , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
As mídias digitais têm sido consideradas portadoras de novas propriedades e dinâmicas de pertencimento social. Considerando suas características de ubiquidade, rapidez de conexão, interatividade e cultura participativa, elas imprimem valores comportamentais, mediam relações e constroem significações, constituindo, portanto, fatores importantes para o entendimento da infância na sociedade contemporânea. No contexto das redes sociais digitais, com a dinâmica própria dos espaços virtuais, surgem as webcelebridades, pessoas comuns que se tornam conhecidas a partir da internet e que se tornam alvos de interesse e de apreço por inúmeros seguidores, cujas narrativas estão inseridas em um contexto histórico-cultural e socioeconômico. Na análise das webcelebridades, seu poder de "afetação" não deve ser entendido como dom singular, mas como traços e valores construídos em sintonia com o que uma determinada sociedade, em um determinado momento, valoriza. Este estudo faz parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla sobre os processos de significação do ser e do mundo a partir da interação de crianças com webcelebridades. Reconhecendo que as transformações mais relevantes para a constituição do desenvolvimento humano não estão na biologia, mas nas circunstâncias histórico-culturais, nas interações e nas peculiaridades das experiências de cada sujeito, o objetivo é refletir sobre a infância na era das mídias digitais, buscando compreender a significativa interação das crianças com webcelebridades. O texto tem como plataforma teórica a Psicologia Cultural Semiótica, a Sociologia da Infância e estudos sobre formação de identidades e culturas nas redes sociais digitais.(AU)
Digital media have been considered as carriers of new properties and dynamics of social belonging. Considering their characteristics of ubiquity, speed of connection, interactivity, and participatory culture, they imprint behavioral values, mediating relationships and building meanings, thus constituting important factors for understanding childhood in contemporary society. In the context of digital social networks, with the dynamics inherent in virtual spaces, web celebrities appear, ordinary people who become known on the internet and who become targets of interest and appreciation by countless followers, whose narratives are inserted in a historical, cultural and socioeconomic context. In the analysis of web celebrities, their power of "affectation" should not be understood as a singular gift but as traits and values built in line with what a given society, at a given moment, values. This study is part of a broader research on the processes of signification of the self and the world from the interaction of children with web celebrities. Recognizing that the most relevant transformations for the constitution of human development are not in biology, but in the historical and cultural circumstances, in the interactions, and in the peculiarities of the experiences of each subject, the aim is to reflect on childhood in the age of digital media, seeking to understand the significant interaction of children with web celebrities. The text is based on Semiotic Cultural Psychology, Childhood Sociology, and studies on the formation of identities and cultures in digital social networks.(AU)
Los medios digitales tienen nuevas propiedades y dinámicas de pertenencia social. Teniendo en cuenta sus características de ubicuidad, velocidad de conexión, interactividad y cultura participativa, estos medios dictan valores de comportamiento, median relaciones y construyen significados, lo que resulta ser un factor importante en la comprensión de la infancia en la sociedad contemporánea. En el contexto de las redes sociales digitales, con la dinámica inherente a los espacios virtuales, surgen las celebridades web, personas que se vuelven famosas en Internet y se convierten en objetivos de interés y apreciación de muchos seguidores, cuyas narraciones se insertan en un contexto cultural, histórico y socioeconómico. En el análisis de las celebridades web, su poder de "influencia" no debe entenderse como un don singular, sino como rasgos y valores construidos en línea con lo que una sociedad valora en cierto momento. Este estudio forma parte de una investigación sobre los procesos de significado del ser y del mundo a partir de la interacción de los niños con las celebridades web. Reconociendo que las transformaciones más relevantes para la constitución del desarrollo humano no están en la biología, sino en las circunstancias históricas y culturales, en las interacciones y en las peculiaridades de las vivencias de cada sujeto, en este texto se pretende reflexionar sobre la infancia contemporánea en la edad de los medios digitales, buscando comprender la significativa interacción de los niños con las celebridades web. El texto está basado en la psicología cultural semiótica, la sociología infantil y los estudios sobre la formación de identidades y culturas en las redes sociales digitales.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Pessoas Famosas , Mídias Sociais , Desenvolvimento Humano , Psicologia , Identificação Social , Valores Sociais , Sociologia , Pensamento , Comportamento , Ciências do Comportamento , Poder Psicológico , Proteção da Criança , Cognição , Comunicação , Internet , Cultura , Psicologia do Desenvolvimento , Acesso à Internet , Interação Social , Pertencimento , PessoasRESUMO
To identify and map the purpose of digital media use among older adults during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology involving a search of 7 databases for relevant articles in English, Spanish, and Portuguese published between 2020 and 2021. Most studies were retrieved from the SCOPUS and Web of Science databases. The inclusion criteria for this review were: participants individuals aged ≥ 60 years; concept digital media use during the pandemic; context community-dwelling older adults. Results: The search led to the retrieval of 1992 studies. The titles and abstracts were screened by 2 independent reviewers. Full texts were then extracted according to the inclusion criteria, reaching a total of 12 articles for the review. The results showed that the main purposes of digital media use by older adults were to access and answer surveys sent by e-mail or posted on social media and virtual social networks (eg, Facebook, Instagram, and/or Twitter) and also for telemedicine consultations.
Identificar e mapear a finalidade do uso das mídias digitais entre idosos durante a pandemia. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma scoping review com a utilização da metodologia do Joanna Bringgs Institute, que envolveu uma busca em sete bases de dados de artigos relevantes em inglês, espanhol e português publicados entre 2020 e 2021. A maioria dos artigos recuperados foi: participantes indivíduos com idade ≥ 60 anos; conceito uso de mídia digital durante pandemia; contexto idosos residentes na comunidade.
Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Adaptação Psicológica , Mídias Sociais , Acesso à Internet/estatística & dados numéricos , COVID-19/epidemiologiaRESUMO
RESUMO Esta pesquisa problematizou os discursos veiculados em noticiários digitais sobre a manifestação grevista do dia 29 de abril de 2015 na cidade de Curitiba, Paraná. A análise proposta segue o referencial foucaultiano e analítico-institucional. Foi realizada uma busca de notícias que retrataram os eventos relacionados às manifestações na referida data, constituindo analisadores, os quais possibilitam a compreensão dos jogos de poder-saber envolvidos no engendramento de regimes de visibilidade que sancionam e/ou vetam enunciados. Destacamos os processos de criminalização das manifestações sociais; as práticas divisoras que fixam os papeis de "bom manifestante" e "mau manifestante", em uma perspectiva individualizante e descontextualizadora; e, por fim, a disputa das narrativas em torno do evento analisado.
ABSTRACT In addressing the role of the media in societies, it is understood that discourses, more than true or false, are producers of reality. Therefore, this research problematized the discourses broadcast on digital news on the strike demonstration on April 29, 2015 in the city of Curitiba, Paraná. The proposed analysis follows the Foucaultian and analytic-institutional framework. A search was carried out of news that portrayed the events related to the manifestations on that date, resulting in the construction of a news bank. Among them, we set up analyzers, which make it possible to understand the power-knowledge games involved in engendering regimes of visibility that sanction and / or veto statements. We highlight the processes of criminalization of social movements; the dividing practices that fix the roles of "good protester" and "bad protestor", in an individualizing and decontextualizing perspective; and, finally, the dispute of the narratives on the analyzed event.
RESUMEN Al abordar el papel de los medios de comunicación en las sociedades, se comprende que los discursos, más que verdaderos o falsos, son productores de realidad. En este sentido, esta investigación problematizó los discursos difundidos en noticieros digitales sobre la manifestación huelguista del 29 de abril de 2015 en la ciudad de Curitiba, Paraná. El análisis propuesto sigue el referencial foucaultiano y analítico- institucional. Se realizó una búsqueda de noticias que retrataron los eventos relacionados con las manifestaciones en esa fecha, resultando en la construcción de un banco de noticias. Entre ellas, establecimos analizadores, los cuales posibilitan la comprensión de los juegos de poder-saber involucrados en el engendramiento de regímenes de visibilidad que sancionan y / o vetan enunciados. Destacamos los procesos de criminalización de los movimientos sociales; las prácticas divisoras que fijan los papeles de "buen manifestante" y "mal manifestante", en una perspectiva individualizante y descontextualizadora; y, por fin, la disputa de las narrativas en torno al evento analizado.
RESUMO
Online food delivery (OFD) platforms guarantee access to food during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic when commercial food establishments are closed and access to food retail is controlled. The present study aimed to describe the advertisements published in an OFD platform in Brazilian capitals, during the 13th and 14th weeks of the pandemic. Data collection occurred on 1 d of the week and 1 d of the weekend and during lunch and dinner time. A random sample of 25 % of the advertisements (n 1754) published in this period was classified in accordance with the presence of food groups and to the use of marketing strategies. Sandwiches, ultra-processed beverages, traditional meals or pasta were the most common food groups shown in the advertisements. Free delivery prevailed in advertisements of ice cream, candies or salty packages snacks and pizza (P < 0·01). Combos were more frequently shown in the advertising of natural juices or smoothies, ultra-processed beverages, sandwiches and pizzas (P < 0·01). Messages about healthiness were more seen among natural juices or smoothies, vegetables and traditional meals and pasta advertisements (P < 0·01) and less seen in sandwiches (P = 0·02) and pizza advertisements (P < 0·01). Economy messages were rare in advertisements of traditional meals or pasta (P < 0·01) and more common in ultra-processed beverages (P = 0·03) and ice cream, candies or salty packages snacks (P < 0·01) advertisements. The OFD platform promoted unhealthy eating during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil due to the expressive presence of unhealthy foods advertising.
Assuntos
Publicidade , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Abastecimento de Alimentos/economia , SARS-CoV-2 , Bebidas , Brasil/epidemiologia , Fast Foods , Humanos , Internet , LanchesRESUMO
Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é identificar e analisar os indicadores de qualidade de vida e apoio/suporte social, bem como os descritores do perfil utilizados por homens de meia-idade que buscam e/ou se interessam por relações com o mesmo sexo em plataformas digitais. O desenho metodológico é de natureza quantitativa, descritiva de corte transversal. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário sociodemográfico, o WHOQOL-bref e a Escala de Apoio Social do Medical Outcomes Study (MOS). Os dados foram analisados com auxílio do Statistical Package for the Social Sciences® (SPSS). Os resultados confirmaram que os descritores mais prevalentes foram aqueles que buscaram se desvencilhar de noções que pudessem remeter ao universo da maturidade e velhice fragilizadas, além do reforço às representações hegemônicas de masculinidade. Em relação aos escores totais de apoio social e qualidade de vida, estes apresentaram correlação diretamente proporcional, significativa e de magnitude moderada (rho = 0,609, p<0,001).
Abstract This study aims to identify and analyze the indicators of quality of life and social support, as well as the profile descriptors used by middle-aged men who seek and/or are interested in same-sex relationships on digital platforms. The methodological design was quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional. The data have been collected through a socio-demographic questionnaire, the WHOQOL-bref and the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social Support Scale, and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences® (SPSS). The results confirmed that the most prevalent descriptors were those that sought to get rid of notions that could associate maturity and old age with disability and frailty, in addition to strengthening positive and sexualized hegemonic representations of masculinity. In relation to the total scores of social support and quality of life, these showed a directly proportional, significant and moderate correlation (rho=0.609, p<0.001).
Assuntos
Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Qualidade de Vida , Apoio Social , Socialização , Envelhecimento , Homossexualidade Masculina , Mídias Sociais , Internet , Minorias Sexuais e de Gênero , Relações InterpessoaisRESUMO
Para compreender a tensão entre os conceitos de líder de opinião, desde sua formulação até a noção de influenciador digital na contemporaneidade, parte-se do pressuposto que a midiatização atravessa a vida cotidiana e pode afetar, portanto, suas mediações estruturantes, atravessando pensamentos e consumos sociais, com ênfase na religião. O trabalho que fundamenta este artigo se dividiu em duas etapas: a primeira utilizou como metodologia a revisão bibliográfica, tendo como eixo teórico Lazarsfeld e Sodré, aliada à pesquisa documental; a segunda consistiu em realizar uma análise de abordagem qualitativa no Twitter do pastor Silas Malafaia com o auxílio da ferramenta online WordArt, a fim de compreender a sua atuação como líder de opinião nas mídias digitais no que concerne às questões de gênero. Como resultado, concluímos que o pastor Malafaia influenciou a opinião de seu público ao retransmitir e ressignificar conteúdos sobre as questões de gênero enquanto 'ideologia de gênero' por meio das mídias digitais.
In order to understand the tension between concepts of opinion former from its formulation to the notion of someone who has digital influence in contemporary times, we work on the assumption that the mediatization traverses our everyday life and can therefore affect its structuring mediations, crossing thoughts and social consumption, placing emphasis on religion. The study on which this paper is based was divided into two stages: at first it was developed a theoretical work, using as methodology the literature review taking the axis of Lazarsfeld and Sodré, followed by a documentary research. The second part consisted in carrying out a qualitative analysis of Pastor Silas Malafaia's Twitter helped by the online WordArt tool, in order to understand his opinion former role in digital media with regard to gender issues. The end result shows that Malafaia has influenced his public in retransmitting and re-signifying contents of gender issues as 'gender ideology' by means of digital media.
Para comprender la tensión entre los conceptos de líder de opinión, desde su formulación hasta la noción de influenciador digital en la contemporaneidad, se parte del supuesto que la mediatización atraviesa la vida cotidiana y puede afectar, por lo tanto, sus mediaciones estructurantes, atravesando pensamientos y consumos sociales, poniendo énfasis en la religión. El trabajo que fundamenta este artículo ha sido dividido en dos etapas: la primera fue teórica utilizando una metodología que conjuga la revisión literaria (en torno de Lazarsfeld y Sodré) y la investigación documental. En la segunda etapa, para comprender su actuación como líder de opinión en los medios digitales sobre las cuestiones de género, se realizó un análisis de enfoque cualitativo en el Twitter de Silas Malafaia con el auxilio de la herramienta online WordArt. Como resultado, hemos concluido que Malafaia ha influenciado a su público en la retransmisión y resignificación de contenido sobre temas de género como 'ideología de género' a través de los medios digitales.