RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) show indications for mental health problems. However, these problems are poorly understood. AIMS: To identify patterns (profiles) of mental health in this population and to analyze the associations between profiles and child characteristics. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Parents of 119 children with DCD completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: Results indicated that a four latent class was the best model. Profile 1 was defined as "no" mental health problems (n = 28; 24 %), Profile 2 was defined as "hyperactivity" problems (n = 53; 43.3 %), for clinical indications for hyperactivity, Profile 3 was defined as "internalizing" problems (n = 8; 7.3 %), for clinical indications for emotional symptoms and peer problems, and Profile 4 was defined as "internalizing and externalizing problems" (n = 30; 25.4 %), for clinical indications for problems in both areas. In addition, having a co-occurring disorder, accommodation plans, and using medications were associated with the profiles. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: There are distinct and unique profiles that children with DCD exhibit. Clinicians can use these profiles to better understand the presentation of mental health symptoms in this population and provide adequate services or support if mental health difficulties are present.
Assuntos
Saúde Mental , Transtornos das Habilidades Motoras , Humanos , Criança , Transtornos das Habilidades Motoras/psicologia , Análise de Classes Latentes , EmoçõesRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) are known to have poor physical fitness and psychosocial problems. The autonomous nervous system (ANS) plays an essential role in the regulation of human neurophysiological processes. Inadequate ANS modulation has been associated with harmful health conditions such as poor aerobic power, high body mass index, and symptoms of stress and anxiety. Modulation of ANS in children with DCD needs to be further investigated taking into consideration variables that may influence its function. For instance, would the level of physical fitness or the symptoms of stress and anxiety affect the ANS modulation of children with DCD? AIMS: To examine the ANS modulation during supine and standing postures, and stress/anxiety with questionnaire data from children with probable-DCD (p-DCD). METHODS: and procedures: Thirty children, 8-12 years old, composed two groups paired by age, gender, peak volume of oxygen uptake (aerobic power), and body mass index (BMI): p-DCD (9 boys, mean age 10.8 y) and typically developing (TD). Both groups were compared for stress/anxiety assessment by questionnaire and spectral, symbolic, and complexity heart rate variability (HRV) analyses during posture changes. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: p-DCD group showed higher stress symptoms than TD group for stress/anxiety assessment in the questionnaire's data, but HRV analyses showed no differences between the two groups. Both groups showed parasympathetic prevalence during supine posture and sympathetic prevalence during standing posture. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Children with p-DCD had similar autonomic control function as TD children during posture change (supine to standing). Symptoms of stress and anxiety demonstrated by p-DCD did not impact their ANS modulation. These results indicate that aerobic power and BMI are probable protective factors of ANS modulation for these children.
RESUMO
In general, the difficulties presented by children diagnosed with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) are first noticed by parents in the daily routine. Although the discussion about the functional impact of DCD is expanding in some countries, it is still poorly explored in Brazil. The purpose of this study was to review the literature that describes the perception of parents concerning the impact of DCD on the daily life of these children and their families. An electronic search for the evidence available in the literature was conducted in major databases using, as keywords, the terms commonly adopted by researchers and practitioners working with children with DCD. The inclusion criteria were articles that used qualitative methodology, studies published from January 1995 to February 2012, and data collected through interviews with parents and/or caregivers, which described children with specific signs of DCD. Of the 594 articles found, only eight used qualitative methodology - all in English. The data presented in these articles show the concern of parents regarding the socialization process of their children with DCD and the lack of preparation of the educational system to deal with the motor difficulties that characterize this disorder. In conclusion, it is essential, especially for rehabilitation professionals who deal with children with DCD, to value how parents perceive the motor coordination difficulties of their children in order to develop actions and services that are adequate to the reality of Brazilian families.(AU)
As dificuldades de crianças com Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação geralmente são percebidas primeiramente pelos pais durante a realização de atividades que fazem parte da rotina diária de seus filhos. Embora a discussão sobre o impacto funcional do TDC tenha sido ampliada em alguns países, no Brasil esse tema ainda é incipiente. O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar a literatura que descreve a percepção dos pais sobre o impacto do TDC no cotidiano da criança e da família. Realizou-se levantamento das evidências disponíveis na literatura por meio de busca eletrônica nas principais bases de dados, tendo sido usados como palavras-chave os termos comumente adotados pelos pesquisadores e profissionais que trabalham com crianças com TDC. Os critérios para inclusão dos artigos foram uso de metodologia qualitativa, trabalhos publicados no período de janeiro de 1995 a fevereiro de 2012, dados coletados por meio de entrevistas com pais e/ou cuidadores e que se referiam a crianças com sinais específicos de TDC. Foram localizados 594 artigos sobre o transtorno motor, sendo apenas oito qualitativos e todos em inglês. Os dados obtidos nesses artigos evidenciam a preocupação dos pais quanto ao processo de socialização de suas crianças com TDC e a falta de preparo do sistema educacional para lidar com as dificuldades características desse transtorno motor. Conclui-se ser imprescindível, especialmente para profissionais de reabilitação que lidam com crianças com TDC, considerar como os pais percebem as dificuldades de coordenação motora de seus filhos, a fim de desenvolver serviços e ações adequados à realidade das famílias brasileiras.(AU)
Assuntos
Transtornos das Habilidades Motoras , Ataxia , AgrafiaRESUMO
In general, the difficulties presented by children diagnosed with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) are first noticed by parents in the daily routine. Although the discussion about the functional impact of DCD is expanding in some countries, it is still poorly explored in Brazil. The purpose of this study was to review the literature that describes the perception of parents concerning the impact of DCD on the daily life of these children and their families. An electronic search for the evidence available in the literature was conducted in major databases using, as keywords, the terms commonly adopted by researchers and practitioners working with children with DCD. The inclusion criteria were articles that used qualitative methodology, studies published from January 1995 to February 2012, and data collected through interviews with parents and/or caregivers, which described children with specific signs of DCD. Of the 594 articles found, only eight used qualitative methodology - all in English. The data presented in these articles show the concern of parents regarding the socialization process of their children with DCD and the lack of preparation of the educational system to deal with the motor difficulties that characterize this disorder. In conclusion, it is essential, especially for rehabilitation professionals who deal with children with DCD, to value how parents perceive the motor coordination difficulties of their children in order to develop actions and services that are adequate to the reality of Brazilian families.
As dificuldades de crianças com Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação geralmente são percebidas primeiramente pelos pais durante a realização de atividades que fazem parte da rotina diária de seus filhos. Embora a discussão sobre o impacto funcional do TDC tenha sido ampliada em alguns países, no Brasil esse tema ainda é incipiente. O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar a literatura que descreve a percepção dos pais sobre o impacto do TDC no cotidiano da criança e da família. Realizou-se levantamento das evidências disponíveis na literatura por meio de busca eletrônica nas principais bases de dados, tendo sido usados como palavras-chave os termos comumente adotados pelos pesquisadores e profissionais que trabalham com crianças com TDC. Os critérios para inclusão dos artigos foram uso de metodologia qualitativa, trabalhos publicados no período de janeiro de 1995 a fevereiro de 2012, dados coletados por meio de entrevistas com pais e/ou cuidadores e que se referiam a crianças com sinais específicos de TDC. Foram localizados 594 artigos sobre o transtorno motor, sendo apenas oito qualitativos e todos em inglês. Os dados obtidos nesses artigos evidenciam a preocupação dos pais quanto ao processo de socialização de suas crianças com TDC e a falta de preparo do sistema educacional para lidar com as dificuldades características desse transtorno motor. Conclui-se ser imprescindível, especialmente para profissionais de reabilitação que lidam com crianças com TDC, considerar como os pais percebem as dificuldades de coordenação motora de seus filhos, a fim de desenvolver serviços e ações adequados à realidade das famílias brasileiras.
Assuntos
Ataxia , Transtornos das Habilidades Motoras , AgrafiaRESUMO
The Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2nd edition (MABC-2) is a well-recognized assessment used to identify children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Although researchers and practitioners across Brazil have used the MABC-2 to identify children with motor deficits, its validation for this particular population has yet to be investigated. In this study, we translated all MABC-2 items and validated them with respect to content, construct and criteria validity. The validation process involved 13 experts in Motor Development and a total of 844 children (3-13 years old) from two different states in Brazil. A cross-cultural translation method yielded a Brazilian-Portuguese version of the battery. The expert panel confirmed language clarity and pertinence of the items. High intra- and inter-rater reliability and internal consistency for the MABC-2 was established for Brazilian children. A discriminant analysis confirmed the MABC-2 power (.80) to differentiate children with DCD and those at risk for DCD from typically developing children. Predictive validity was observed for the impairment scores and a percentile main effect was found in the repeated measures ANOVA (ICC: .93 and .73, respectively). Although our data are not representative of the entire country, this study is the first to confirm that the original standardized scores established for the MABC-2 are valid in Brazilian children.
Assuntos
Transtornos das Habilidades Motoras/diagnóstico , Destreza Motora/fisiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Análise Discriminante , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos das Habilidades Motoras/fisiopatologia , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
O objetivo do estudo foi analisar se as dicas de aprendizagem auxiliam crianças com TDC na aquisição de uma habilidade motora complexa. Dez crianças com TDC e 14 de desenvolvimento típico, de 9 a 11 anos, foram divididas nos grupos TDC com dicas (TDCD), TDC sem dicas (TDCS), desenvolvimento típico com dicas (GDTD) e desenvolvimento típico sem dicas (GDTS). As crianças participaram de sete aulas, durante três semanas, para a aprendizagem do rolamento peixe, com o uso das dicas "empurre o chão", "coloque a mão o mais longe possível" e "queixo no peito". Os resultados não foram estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos, o que evidencia que as dicas não apresentaram efeito positivo na aprendizagem do rolamento peixe.
The objective was to analyze if learning cues help children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) on the acquisition of a complex motor skill. The sample consisted of ten children with DCD and 14 children with typical development, from 9 to 11 years, divided into the groups DCD with cues (DCDC), DCD without cues (DCDW), typical development with cues (TDC) and typical development without cues (TDW). The children participated in seven classes, during three weeks, to learn to dive roll. Cues used were "push the ground", "place your hands as far as possible" and "chin on the chest". The results werent statistically different among the groups, which indicate that cues didnt show significant effect in learning of the dive roll.
La finalidad fue analizar si las instrucciones ayudan a los niños con el Desarrollo de la coordinación (TDC) en el aprendizaje de una habilidad motora compleja. Diez niños con DCD y 14 con desarrollo típico, 9-11 años, divididos en los grupos TDC con las instrucciones (TDCD), TDC sin las instrucciones (TDCS), desarrollo típico con las instrucciones (GDTD) y desarrollo típico sin las instrucciones (GDTS). Los niños participaran de siete clases por tres semanas para aprender la rotación-pez con el uso de las instrucciones "empuja el suelo", "pon las manos más lejos posible" y "barbilla en el pecho". Los resultados no fueron estadísticamente significativos entre los grupos, lo que demuestra que las instrucciones no señalaron ningún efecto positivo en el aprendizaje de la rotación-pez.