RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Complicated grief (CG) resulting from poor adaptation to the death of a close person may have been related with the presence of other mental health problems in older adults in Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study aimed to assess the association between CG and anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation in older adults in Peru in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the "Socioemotional evaluation form" applied in 2020 to mental health problems in older adults attending the Peruvian Social Security (EsSalud). For our study, we included older adults who reported the death of a close person during the last six months when this assessment was performed. CG, depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation were initially evaluated using validated questionnaires. The association between CG and the presence of mental health problems was calculated through multivariate analysis, where prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Of the 249 older adults included, 175 (70.3%) were female with a median age of 71 years (interquartile range: 9), and 35 (14.1%) reported the presence of CG. It was found that CG in this population was associated with the presence of anxiety (PR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.85), depression (PR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.95), and suicidal ideation (PR: 2.84, 95% CI: 1.06 to 7.59). CONCLUSIONS: CG is related to the presence of mental health problems in older adults in Peru. It is essential to implement measures that facilitate the prevention and proper management of this condition in this population, especially in the context of high population mortality such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Ideação Suicida , Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Masculino , Depressão/epidemiologia , Depressão/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Peru/epidemiologia , Pandemias , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Ansiedade/psicologia , PesarRESUMO
Introducción: El suicidio se manifiesta por múltiples comportamientos, inicia con la ideación suiciday culmina con el suicidio. Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a ideación suicida en estospacientes en pacientes atendidos en un hospital de nivel de atención III-2 de Perú. Métodos: Estudioobservacional, analítico, transversal, de enfoque cuantitativo. El muestreo fue no probabilistico porconveniencia; conformaron la muestra 201 pacientes atendidos por consultorio externo de psiquiatríadel hospital María Auxiliadora, de enero a febrero 2020. Se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta, una fichade recolección de datos y el instrumento fue la escala de Beck adaptada. Resultados: De los 201pacientes, 46 (22,9%) tuvieron ideación suicida, de ellos, fueron jóvenes 25 (54,3%), de sexo femenino27 (58,7%), no tenían pareja 27 (58,6%), nacieron en Lima 32 (69,7%), recibían tratamiento mayor a unaño 43 (93,5%), tenían relación familiar regular a mala 42 (91,3%) y consumían alcohol 33 (71,7%), tabaco26 (56,5%) y drogas 16 (34,8%). Los factores asociados a ideación suicida en el análisis bivariado fueronedad joven, sexo masculino, lugar de nacimiento Lima, estado civil sin pareja, tiempo de tratamientomayor a un año y consumo de alcohol, tabaco y drogas (p<0,05); y en el análisis multivariado sólo seasoció el consumo de drogas (ORa: 11,31 IC 95%: 2,05-62,46). Conclusión: El consumo de drogas seencuentra asociado a ideación suicida en pacientes atendidos en un hospital de nivel de atención III-2.
Introduction: Suicide manifests itself through multiple behaviors, it begins with suicidal ideationand ends with suicide. Objective: To demonstrate the risk factors associated with suicidal ideation inpatients with depression cared for in a level III-2 hospital in Peru. Methods: Observational, analytical,cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach. Sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience; thesample was made up of 201 patients attended by an external psychiatric clinic of the María Auxiliadorahospital, from January to February 2020. The survey technique, a data collection form and the adaptedBeck scale instrument were used. Results: Of the 201 patients, 46 (22.9%) had suicidal ideation, of them,25 (54.3%) were young, female 27 (58.7%), had no partner 27 (58.6 %), 32 (69.7%) were born in Lima,received treatment for more than one year 43 (93.5%), had a regular to poor family relationship 42 (91.3%)and consumed alcohol 33 (71.7%), tobacco 26 (56.5%) and drugs16 (34.8%). The risk factors associatedwith suicidal ideation in the bivariate analysis were young age, male sex, place of birth Lima, maritalstatus without a partner, treatment time greater than one year and consumption of alcohol, tobaccoand drugs (95% CI, p <0.005); and in the multivariate analysis it was only associated with drug use (OR:11.31 CI 2.05-62.46 p <0.005). Conclusion: Drug use is associated with suicidal ideation in patients seenin a level III-2 hospital.