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Fundamento las mediciones cefalométricas son un instrumento útil en la atención ortodóncica, pues junto a otras mediciones cefalométricas completan y guían el plan de tratamiento que el especialista puede trazar en función de la resolución de las anomalías dentomaxilofaciales. Objetivo determinar la comorbilidad entre el biotipo facial y la clasificación esquelética maxilomandibular en pacientes angolanos con anomalías dentomaxilofaciales. Métodos se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, en la Clínica Meditex, en Luanda, Angola, en el período agosto/2021-julio/2023. La población de estudio fue de 123 telerradiografías del perfil de pacientes con anomalías dentomaxilofaciales, ingresados en la consulta de Ortodoncia. Para el análisis de la telerradiografía de perfil se realizaron mediciones del cefalograma de Ricketts y de Steiner, y se utilizó el software Facad versión 3403. Se estudió la clasificación esquelética maxilomandibular (clase I, clase II, clase III) y el biotipo facial (dolicofacial, mesofacial, braquifacial). Resultados el 46,34 % de los pacientes presentó una clase II esquelética maxilomandibular. Mediante el índice VERT de Ricketts, el 49,59 % de los casos fue clasificado como dolicofacial, seguido del 42,27 % como braquifacial. El 83,60 % de los pacientes con biotipo dolicofacial se caracterizó por presentar una clase II esquelética maxilomandibular, y el 76,92 % de aquellos con biotipo braquifacial clasificó como clase III. Se encontró una asociación significativa entre el biotipo facial y la clasificación esquelética maxilomandibular (p= 0,000). Conclusiones en la mayoría de los pacientes con anomalías dentomaxilofaciales se evidenció una relación entre el biotipo dolicofacial y la clase II esquelética maxilomandibular, por lo que existe una comorbilidad entre ambas características esqueléticofaciales.

Foundation cephalometric measurements are a useful instrument in orthodontic care, since together with other cephalometric measurements they complete and guide the treatment plan that the specialist can draw up based on the resolution of dentomaxillofacial anomalies. Objective to determine the comorbidity between facial biotype and maxillomandibular skeletal classification in Angolan patients with dentomaxillofacial anomalies. Methods a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at the Meditex Clinic, in Luanda, Angola, from August/2021 to July/2023. The studied population was 123 patients' profile teleradiographs with dentomaxillofacial anomalies, admitted to the Orthodontic clinic. For the analysis of the profile teleradiography, measurements of the Ricketts and Steiner cephalogram were made, and the Facad software version 3403 was used. The maxillomandibular skeletal classification (class I, class II, class III) and the facial biotype (dolichofacial, mesofacial, brachyfacial) were studied. Results 46.34% of patients presented maxillomandibular skeletal class II. Using the Ricketts VERT index, 49.59% of cases were classified as dolichofacial, followed by 42.27% as brachyfacial. 83.60% of patients with dolichofacial biotype were characterized by having maxillomandibular skeletal class II, and 76.92% of those with brachyfacial biotype were classified as class III. A significant association was found between facial biotype and maxillomandibular skeletal classification (p= 0.000). Conclusions in the majority of patients with dentomaxillofacial anomalies, a relationship was evident between the dolichofacial biotype and the maxillomandibular skeletal class II, so there is a comorbidity between both skeletal-facial characteristics.

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AIM: The present study was designed to compare, on cone-beam computed tomography imaging, the skeletal and dental effects of the SARPE (Surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion) and MISMARPE (Minimally Invasive Surgical and Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion) techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample of adult patients with transverse maxillary deficiency (TMD) was divided into two groups, and scans were obtained preoperatively (T0) and immediately after completion of expansion (T1). The posterior and anterior linear transverse distances of the maxilla and the angulation of the maxillary first molars were evaluated. The data were entered into a generalized estimating equations model to verify the postoperative effects of the different techniques. RESULTS: None of the techniques caused any appreciable change in the angulation of the molars. The skeletal changes were similar, with significantly greater gains in the nasal fossa and intermaxillary distance when using the MISMARPE. CONCLUSION: The technique can be an effective and lower morbidity alternative to SARPE.

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This study aimed to compare factors that influence perception of quality of life (QoL) in patients scheduled for orthognathic surgery. This was a cross-sectional study with 91 participants from two universities in Curitiba. The orthognathic quality of life questionnaire (OQLQ) was used to assess patients' perceptions of their QoL. Sociodemographic data were collected and facial profiles classified into classes I, II, and III. DNA was extracted from oral mucosal cells and markers rs3800373 and rs1360780 for FKBP prolyl isomerase 5 were genotyped. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and chi-squared tests, with a significance level of 5%. There was a negative impact on general perception of QoL in females (p = 0.019) and in the domains of "oral function" (p=0.032) and "awareness of the deformity" (p=0.009). In the dominant model (CC/CT), the presence of at least one C allele for the rs1360780 marker had a negative impact on QoL in the "facial aesthetics" domain (p = 0.037). The negative impact on QoL was greater in females than in males. The perception of QoL was more negative in individuals with rs1360780 polymorphism on the FKBP5 gene and a CC/CT genotype than it was in those with a TT genotype.

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ABSTRACT Purpose This study aimed to investigate three-dimensional facial soft tissue dimensions, maximum bite force (MBF), and occlusal contact area in patients with DFD. In addition, we analyzed the relationship between MBF and the three-dimensional facial measurements. Methods Thirty-two patients with skeletal Class III DFD and 20 patients with Class II DFD underwent a soft tissue evaluation using surface laser scanning, as well as MBF and occlusal contact area assessments. The DFD groups were compared with each other and with 25 healthy subjects. Results Significant morphological differences were found in the transversal, vertical, and anteroposterior dimensions between Class II DFD and Class III DFD. Both DFD groups presented an increased linear distance of chin height, which was strongly related with decreased MBF magnitude. The DFD groups exhibited lower MBF and occlusal contact area, with no significant differences between Class II and Class III DFD. Conclusion The presence of DFD affected 3D measurements of facial soft tissue, causing variations beyond normal limits, lower MBF, and occlusal contact area in both Class II and Class III DFD patients. The vertical dimension might have influenced the lower MBF magnitude in the studied skeletal deformities.

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BACKGROUND: Supernumerary teeth are an alteration of dental developmental and result in the formation of teeth above the usual number. Epidemiologic studies suggested that patients with dentofacial anomalies and their family members may present an increased risk of developing cancer, including female breast cancer and gynecologic cancers. These observations indicate that genetic alterations that result in dental anomalies may be related to cancer development. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between supernumerary teeth and a family history of female breast cancer and gynecologic cancers. METHODS: The diagnosis of supernumerary teeth was based on clinical and radiographic examinations. For data collection, a questionnaire asking for information regarding ethnicity, age, gender, and self-reported family history of cancer up to the second generation was used. Statistical analysis was performed using the Χ2 test and Fisher's exact test with an established α of 5%. RESULTS: A total of 344 patients were included; 47 of them had one or more non-syndromic supernumerary teeth (not associated with any syndrome or cleft lip and palate) and 297 were control patients. Age, ethnicity, and gender distribution were not statistically different between the group with supernumerary teeth and the control group (p > 0.05). The supernumerary teeth were most commonly observed in the incisors area. Breast cancer (n = 17) was the most commonly self-reported type of cancer, followed by uterine cervical (n = 10), endometrial (n = 2), and ovarian (n = 1) cancers. Endometrial cancer was significantly associated with the diagnosis of supernumerary teeth (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that patients with supernumerary teeth possess a higher risk of having family members with endometrial cancer.

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Objective: This study aimed to determine the impact of dentofacial deformity on an individual's chances of being hired for a hypothetical job involving customer service. Materials and methods: Face photographs (frontal and lateral) of 15 patients with moderate to severe dentofacial deformity, taken before and after orthodontic-surgical correction, were selected and randomized between two different questionnaires. In addition, five patients without dentofacial deformity were used as controls in both questionnaires. These questionnaires were taken by adults responsible for hiring personnel to work in commerce and business activities, graduates or postgraduates in business administration, with experience in recruiting and hiring personnel. The evaluation took place using a Likert scale with values ranging from 0 to 10 (in which 0 corresponded to complete disagreement and 10 to complete agreement), considering the following variables in a first impression judgment: honesty, intelligence, productivity at work, and hiring chance. Data were tabulated and statistical analysis was performed using a linear regression model for the explanatory variables that showed statistical significance in the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Effect size through Cohen's d has been corrected for all comparisons performed. Results: All re-examined domains demonstrated statistical differences even when included in a multivariate model (p < 0.05), with lower mean values for those requiring pre-treatment (presenting deformity), although the effect size was small for all comparisons. Conclusion: Dentofacial deformity influenced the hiring chance, although not appearing to be a preponderant factor for hiring, acting as a tiebreaker among the candidates adopted.

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In addition to functionally correcting skeletal facial deformities, orthognathic surgery also has a great impact on aesthetics and facial proportions. However, patients who have soft tissue changes, such as tissue flaccidity, may not achieve an ideal result, and require complementary surgical techniques that promote aesthetic refinement. The literature on less invasive techniques is limited, and therefore, this work aims to report a surgical technique performed concomitantly with genioplasty to refine the harmony of the submandibular region, in a simple and effective way. Patient with skeletal class II deformity, with lack of mandibular definition and submandibular flaccidity, underwent bimaxillary advancement orthognathic surgery with advancement genioplasty to correct chin retrusion. Due to limited results with bone repositioning alone, plication of the suprahyoid musculature was performed in association with the same approach used in the genioplasty. As a result, there was traction in the cervical region, with a consequent decrease in the submental-cervical angle and improvement in submandibular aesthetics. Furthermore, there was no need for extensive surgical intervention and no impairment of the functional results of the orthognathic surgery itself. Therefore, it can be concluded that plication of the suprahyoid musculat ure concomitantly with genioplasty is a technique that promotes aesthetic gains in the cervical region.

Además de corregir funcionalmente las deformidades faciales esqueléticas, la cirugía ortognática también tiene un gran impacto en la estética y las proporciones faciales. Sin embargo, los pacientes que tienen cambios en los tejidos blandos, como la flacidez, pueden no lograr un resultado ideal y requieren técnicas quirúrgicas complementarias que promuevan el refinamiento estético. La literatura sobre técnicas menos invasivas es limitada, por lo que este trabajo tiene como objetivo reportar una técnica quirúrgica realizada concomitantemente con la genioplastia para refinar la armonía de la región submandibular, de manera simple y efectiva. Se trató a un paciente con deformidad esquelética clase II, con falta de definición mandibular y flacidez submandibular, intervenida de cirugía ortognática de avance bimaxilar con genioplastia de avance para corregir la retrusión del mentón. Debido a los resultados limitados solo con el reposicionamiento óseo, se realizó la plicatura de la musculatura suprahioidea en asociación con el mismo abordaje utilizado en la genioplastia. Como resultado, hubo tracción en la región cervical, con la consiguiente disminución del ángulo submentoniano-cervical y mejoría en la estética submandibular. Además, no hubo necesidad de una intervención quirúrgica extensa ni deterioro de los resultados funcionales de la cirugía ortognática en sí. Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que la plicatura de la musculatura suprahioidea concomitantemente con la genioplastia es una técnica que promueve ganancias estéticas en la región cervical.

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OBJECTIVES: To evaluate surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME), with osteotomies separating the maxilla into two segments (SARME-2S) and three segments (SARME-3S), on obstruction symptoms and nasal cavity dimensions in patients with maxillary transverse skeletal deficiency (MTSD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen patients with MTSD of 7 mm or above were evaluated in each group, for a total of 32 patients. All patients were evaluated pre- and postoperatively up to 10 months after the expander activations. The minimum cross-sectional area (MCA) and the volume of the nasal cavities were identified by acoustic rhinometry. The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale questionnaire was applied. The palate surface area (PSA) was measured, via digitized maxillary models, as a criterion for comparison with the other variables studied. RESULTS: There was no difference between the groups (p = 0.370) and was verified a significant increase in PSA postoperatively. MCA showed a small increase without statistical significance, and together with the volume of the nasal cavities remained constant during the study. NOSE scale scores decreased significantly in the postoperative periods, implying a decrease in nasal obstruction symptoms in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: SARME with two and three segments show similar results, and both may improve nasal obstruction symptoms when present in patients with MTSD. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: SARME, regardless of the chosen surgical technique, should follow the recommendation to correct just the MTSD. While an improvement in nasal breathing is expected, this must be understood as likely, but not certain.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of signs and symptoms related to temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and orofacial pain in patients with indication for orthognathic surgery. METHODS: The search was carried out in seven electronic databases and gray literature. Studies that evaluated the frequency of signs and symptoms related to TMD and orofacial pain were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal tool. A meta-analysis of proportions with a random effect model was performed and the GRADE tool judged the certainty of evidence. RESULTS: After searching the databases, 1859 references were retrieved, 18 of which were selected for synthesis. The prevalence of individuals with at least one TMD symptom was 51% [CI95% = 44-58%], and 44% of the subjects had temporomandibular joint click/crepitus [CI95% = 37-52%]. Additionally, 28% exhibited symptoms related to muscle disorders [CI95% = 22-35%], 34% had disc displacement with or without reduction [CI95% = 25-44%], and 24% had inflammatory joint disorders [CI95% = 13-36%]. The prevalence of headache was 26% [CI95% = 8-51%]. The certainty of evidence was considered very low. CONCLUSION: Approximately 1 in 2 patients with dentofacial deformity presents some sign and symptom related to TMD. Myofascial pain and headache may be present in approximately a quarter of patients with dentofacial deformity. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A multidisciplinary treatment is necessary for these patients, involving a professional with expertise in the management of TMD.

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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate whether sex and genetic polymorphisms impact the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) preoperatively and the difference between preoperative and postoperative OHRQoL in skeletal Class III patients submitted to orthognathic surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This longitudinal study consisted of ninety-nine patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion who required orthognathic surgery. The Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) is a questionnaire used to assess the OHRQoL with a 5-point Likert-type scale, covering seven domains related to physical and psychosocial factors. The questionnaire was applied in the preoperative and postoperative periods, and the difference scores were calculated to assess the OHRQoL after orthognathic surgery. The DNA was extracted from oral mucosa cells to evaluate genetic polymorphisms in ANKK1, DRD2, ESR1, and ESR2 through real-time PCR. RESULTS: There was an improvement in all OHRQoL domains following orthognathic surgery (p < 0.05). In the preoperative evaluation, women presented worse OHRQoL (p < 0.05) than men. There was no statistical difference between sex and the OHRQoL after surgery (p > 0.05). When evaluating the polymorphisms and preoperative OHIP-14 scores, CT genotype patients for rs1800497 (ANKK1) had a worse perception of the physical pain domain than CC genotype (p = 0.026), and CC genotype patients for rs1256049 (ESR2) had a worse perception of the functional limitation domain than CT genotype (p = 0.002). In the analysis between polymorphisms and postoperative and preoperative difference scores, CT genotype patients for rs1256049 (ESR2) had a greater improvement in the perception of the physical pain domain than the CC genotype (p = 0.031). In rs6275 and rs6276 (DRD2), patients with the CC genotype worsened the perception of the functional limitation domain than the TT genotype (p = 0.045), and AA genotype patients worsened the perception of the functional limitation domain than GG genotype (p = 0.048) after surgery, respectively. In addition, patients with the CT genotype for rs1800497 (ANKK1) had a greater improvement of OHRQoL perception in the total scale than the TT genotype (p = 0.018), and CT genotype patients had a greater improvement in the perception of function limitation domain than TT genotype (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION: Women have a worse perception of OHRQoL in the preoperative period of orthognathic surgery. Furthermore, polymorphisms in the ANKK1, DRD2, and ESR2 genes could be involved with OHRQoL in the preoperative period and following orthognathic surgery. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The knowledge of the genetic background concerning OHRQoL in skeletal class III patients would aid in clinical practice to screen for associated genetic factors and prevent OHRQoL deterioration, especially after orthognathic surgery, considering that patients' genetic profiles would soon be available.

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The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess whether the presence of inferior third molars during sagittal split mandibular ramus osteotomy increases the risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications. The PRISMA protocol was followed in this study, and the review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42020147642). A search was conducted in the MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Cochrane Central, and Scopus databases on November 1, 2021. Nineteen articles were included, and the variables analysed were unfavourable fractures, infection, neurosensory disturbance, removal of osteosynthesis material, and duration of surgery. Meta-analyses were performed for the variables unfavourable fractures (risk ratio (RR) 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58-1.57, P = 0.84), infection (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.48-1.18, P = 0.21), and neurosensory disturbance (RR 1.55, 95% CI 0.61-3.91, P = 0.35); no statistically significant difference in the risk of these variables was found between the groups with and without third molars. The third molars did not increase the need to remove fixation material, but increased the surgery time. The presence of the third molar during sagittal split mandibular ramus osteotomy appears not to increase the risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications. The results presented here must be interpreted with caution due to the heterogeneity presented by the observational studies included.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the body mass index (BMI) and the weight loss (WL) in patients with dentofacial deformities who underwent monomaxillary versus bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. Materials and Methods: This prospective longitudinal study included 69 patients with dentofacial deformities who underwent surgical orthodontic treatment. Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of orthognathic surgery: monomaxillary or bimaxillary. A preoperative nutritional assessment based on BMI was performed; the percentage of involuntary WL between the preoperative and postoperative periods was also calculated. Data were collected at preoperative and 10, 40, and 90 days postoperative (PO). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA), and data are reported with 95% confidence interval. Results: According to BMI, patients who underwent monomaxillary surgery presented: underweight = 2.6%, normal weight = 51.3%, overweight = 35.9%, and obese = 10.3%. The subjects who underwent bimaxillary surgery presented: normal weight = 43.3%, overweight = 36.7%, and obese = 20%. BMI was similar between the groups at all time points (preoperative, p= 0.237; 10 days PO, p= 0.325; 40 days PO, p= 0.430; and 90 days PO, p= 0.609). All patients lost weight postoperatively, and WL was similar among the PO measurements (p= 0.163). Conclusions: Although both monomaxillary and bimaxillary orthognathic surgeries resulted in WL and lower BMI, there was no statistically significant difference in these metrics between the two types of surgery.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e a perda de peso (PP) de pacientes com deformidades dentofaciais após cirurgia ortognática monomaxilar e bimaxilar. Material e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo longitudinal prospectivo em 69 pacientes com deformidade dentofacial submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico-ortodôntico. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: cirurgia ortognática monomaxilar e bimaxilar. Foi realizada avaliação nutricional pré-operatória de acordo com o IMC. Foi calculada a porcentagem de PP involuntária entre o pré e o pós-operatório (PO). A coleta de dados foi realizada no pré-operatório e aos 10, 40 e 90 dias PO. A análise estatística foi realizada no software SPSS v. 17.0, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados: De acordo com o IMC, os indivíduos submetidos à cirurgia monomaxilar apresentaram: baixo peso = 2,6%, peso normal = 51,3%, sobrepeso = 35,9% e obesidade = 10,3%. Entre os indivíduos submetidos à cirurgia bimaxilar, 43,3% estavam com peso normal, 36,7% estavam com sobrepeso e 20% eram obesos. O IMC foi semelhante em todos os períodos (pré-operatório, p= 0,237; 10 dias PO, p= 0,325; 40 dias PO, p= 0,430; e 90 dias PO, p= 0,609). Todos os pacientes perderam peso no pós-operatório. A PP foi semelhante entre os tempos de PO (p= 0,163). Conclusões: A cirurgia ortognática monomaxilar ou bimaxilar pode causar redução do peso corporal e diminuição no IMC, mas não há diferença estatisticamente significativa entre esses dois tipos de cirurgia em relação à PP e ao IMC.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To establish cephalometric norms in primary dentition among males and females using novel customized Comprehensive Cephalometric Growth (CCG) Analysis. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 67 subjects with a mean age of 5.5 yrs. Digital lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained using Planmeca Pro One. The digital images were then transferred to Nemoceph software. Craniofacial Growth (CCG) Analysis was configured in the software with five sub-groups. This sub-grouping was done such that related components were grouped together and comprehensively; it would provide an assessment of every component of the craniofacial region that could be affected either by treatment maneuver or growth process. The same was used for the cephalometric analysis and to determine the cephalometric norms in the primary dentition. Results: Certain linear measurements were higher among males when compared to females. However, most measurements remained similar among males and females during this age group. The CCG analysis provided a comprehensive knowledge of the craniofacial parameters during the growth process. Conclusion: The cephalometric norms during primary dentition thus established using Comprehensive Craniofacial Growth analysis would provide the data for early diagnosis and treatment planning in interceptive orthodontic treatment procedures.

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BACKGROUND: The Brazilian federal government issued Ministerial Ordinance No. 718 in 2010 to expand the funding of orthodontic treatment provided by Brazilian municipalities via the Unified Health System (SUS in Portuguese). AIM: To identify social and structural factors associated with Brazilian municipalities that provide fixed orthodontic appliance therapy and interceptive orthodontic therapy. METHODS: Official Brazilian government databases were used for data collection. Poisson regression with robust variance was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Municipalities hosting Dental Specialty Centers (DSCs) with greater installed capacity (type III DSC with 7 dental chairs or over), which employed dentists specializing in pediatric dentistry and orthodontics, were more likely to offer orthodontic services via SUS. CONCLUSIONS: Federal, state, and municipal managers need to review the funding of orthodontic services via SUS, which can be used for creating DSCs and hiring professionals with expertise in orthodontics.

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Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar retrospectivamente as mudanças ocorridas nas vias aéreas superiores (VAS) pós cirurgia ortognática bimaxilar. Metodologia: A amostra compreendeu 14 pacientes, que foram divididos em dois grupos, conforme o tipo de movimentação realizada na cirurgia: grupo 1 (n = 6), avanço bimaxilar; grupo 2 (n = 8) cirurgia de avanço de maxila e recuo de mandíbula. Foram realizadas tomografias computadorizadas no pré-operatório (T0) e pós-operatório de 1 ano (T1). Através do software Dolphin Imaging procedeu-se a análise das VAS em três parâmetros: área total (AT), volume total (VT) e área axial mínima (AAM), que foram comparadas entre T0 e T1 em um mesmo grupos pelo Teste de Wilcoxon e entre grupos pelos Teste de Mann-Whitney (p < 0.05). Resultados: Ambos os grupos apresentaram aumento significativo de AT, VT e AAM entre T0 e T1. Contudo, essas variações foram estatisticamente maiores no grupo 1 quando comparadas ao grupo 2. Conclusão: As cirurgias bimaxilares promoveram o aumento da AT, VT e AAM das VAS e essas mudanças foram significativamente superiores nos pacientes submetidos ao avanço bimaxilar... (AU)

Objective: The objective of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate the changes that occurred in the upper airways (UAS) after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. Methodology: The sample comprised 14 patients, who were divided into two groups, according to the type of movement performed in the surgery: group 1 (n = 6), bimaxillary advancement; group 2 (n = 8) maxillary advancement and mandibular setback surgery. Computed tomography scans were performed preoperatively (T0) and 1 year postoperatively (T1). Through the Dolphin Imaging software, the analysis of the UAS was carried out in three parameters: total area (TA), total volume (TV) and minimum axial area (MAA), which were compared between T0 and T1 in the same groups by the Wilcoxon Test and between groups by the Mann-Whitney test (p < 0.05). Results: Both groups showed a significant increase in TA, TV and MAA between T0 and T1. However, these variations were statistically higher in group 1 when compared to group 2. Conclusion: Bimaxillary surgeries promoted an increase in the TA, TV and MAA of the UAS and these changes were significantly higher in patients undergoing bimaxillary advancement... (AU)

Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar retrospectivamente los cambios ocurridos en las vías aéreas superiores (VAS) después de la cirugía ortognática bimaxilar. Metodología: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 14 pacientes, quienes fueron divididos en dos grupos, según el tipo de movimiento realizado en la cirugía: grupo 1 (n = 6), avance bimaxilar; grupo 2 (n = 8) cirugía de avance maxilar y retroceso mandibular. Las tomografías computarizadas se realizaron antes de la operación (T0) y 1 año después de la operación (T1). A través del software Dolphin Imaging se realizó el análisis de la VAS en tres parámetros: área total (AT), volumen total (VT) y área axial mínima (AAM), los cuales fueron comparados entre T0 y T1 en los mismos grupos por el Prueba de Wilcoxon y entre grupos por la prueba de Mann Whitney (p < 0,05). Resultados: Ambos grupos mostraron un aumento significativo de AT, VT y AAM entre T0 y T1. Sin embargo, estas variaciones fueron estadísticamente mayores en el grupo 1 en comparación con el grupo 2. Conclusión: Las cirugías bimaxilares promovieron un aumento de la AT, VT y AAM de las VAS y estos cambios fueron significativamente mayores en los pacientes sometidos a avance bimaxilar... (AU)

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Introduction Orthognathic surgeries require the use of surgical splints (SS) to stabilize the occlusion and the segments fixed with plates and screws. Technological advances in the field of computing and the possibility of generating three-dimensional (3D) images have brought different possibilities for making SS, which has generated greater predictability and customization of surgical plans. The bibliometric study can have a qualitative character through the scope of articles in a certain area of knowledge. It is a selection process that can track a topic or scientific production. Methods The present study aimed to carry out a bibliometric literature review, in order to assess the evolution of the use of SS and the different planning protocols in orthognathic surgery. The Scopus database was used, with the terms "splint" and "orthognathic surgery." Results A total of 331 articles were found. These were exported to Rayyan for application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria and selection of articles. A total of 76 references were selected and exported to the VOSviewer application for the analysis of bibliometric data. Conclusions Orthognathic surgery was initially not associated with any computerized technological resource; however, it underwent updates between the years 2010 to 2012. These advances allowed surgical planning to become faster, cheaper, and more accurate.

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OBJECTIVES: A systematic review was performed to analyze the current evidence on three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) superimposition protocols used to assess dentomaxillofacial changes after orthognathic and orthofacial surgery. Accuracy, reproducibility, and efficiency were evaluated. METHODS: The search was divided into Main Search (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and SciELO), Grey Literature search (Google Scholar and Open Grey), and Manual search. Thirteen studies were included. Of these, 10 reported data on accuracy, 10 on reproducibility and five on efficiency. Seven proposed or evaluated methods of voxel-based superimposition, three focused on the surface-based technique, one compared surface- and voxel-based superimposition protocols, one used the maximum mutual information algorithm, and one described a landmark-based superimposition method. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was the most common imaging technique, being used in 10 studies. RESULTS: The accuracy of most methods was high, showing mean differences smaller than voxels' dimensions, ranging between 0.05 and 1.76 mm for translational accuracy, and 0.10-1.09° for rotational accuracy. The overall reproducibility was considered good as demonstrated by the small mean error (range: 0.01-0.26 mm) and high correlation coefficients (range: 0.53-1.00). Timing to complete virtual superimposition techniques ranged between a few seconds up to 40 min. CONCLUSIONS: Voxel-based superimposition protocols presented the highest accuracy and reproducibility. Moreover, superimposition protocols that used automated processes and involved only one software were the most efficient.

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Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the associations between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and patient-associated factors and polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and 2 (ESR2) genes in patients with dentofacial deformities (DFD). This cross-sectional study included 234 adult individuals. Data such as age, sex, and the type of facial profile (I, II, or III), were collected, and the short-form oral health impact profile 14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire was used to assess their OHRQoL. DNA was collected from oral mucosa cells, and the polymorphisms in ESR1 (rs2234693 and rs9340799) and ESR2 (rs1256049 and rs4986938) were evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The data were subjected to statistical analysis at a significance level of 5%. Individuals over 28 years of age exhibited worse OHRQoL (p = 0.003) than individuals aged less than or equal to 28 years. Women had worse OHRQoL than men (p < 0.001). Profile II individuals had worse OHRQoL in the social disability domain than profile III individuals (p = 0.030). Genetic analysis showed that rs9340799 was associated with OHRQoL in the functional limitation domain, and GG individuals exhibited worse OHRQoL than individuals carrying the AA/AG genotypes (p < 0.030). In the social handicap domain, individuals with GG genotype in rs9340799 exhibited worse OHRQoL than AG individuals (p < 0.043). Collectively, our results reveal that factors including age, sex, and type of facial profile, are associated with OHRQoL in patients with DFD. In addition, individuals with the GG genotype in rs9340799 (ESR1) may experience a negative impact on OHRQoL in the functional limitation and social handicap domains.

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Introdução: A Disfunção Temporomandibular (DTM) é a dor orofacial crônica mais comum, encontrada por dentistas e outros profissionais de saúde. Sua etiologia tem caráter multifatorial, e pode envolver, desde fatores hereditários, hábitos parafuncionais, maloclusões, até ansiedade e estresse. Objetivo: Este estudo investigou a frequência da DTM e a sua relação entre hábitos parafuncionais em uma população de pacientes classe II esquelética. Método: Uma amostra composta por pacientes classe II esquelética foi selecionada de forma não probabilística. Setenta e três indivíduos concordaram em participar da pesquisa, se submetendo ao exame físico que consistia na aplicação do Eixo I do (RDC/TMD). Resultados: Quarenta e seis por cento dos pacientes examinados apresentaram diagnóstico positivo. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 27 anos+ 8,73 anos, 82% do gênero feminino e 80% brancos. Trinta e quatro pacientes referiram alguma atividade parafuncional. Desses a onicofagia representou o grupo com maior frequência, seguido pelo bruxismo, interposição de objetos entre os dentes e por último o apertamento. As variáveis não apresentaram associação estatisticamente significante com o desfecho primário estudado. Conclusão: Na amostra estudada não se observou associação entre a ocorrência de DTM e hábitos parafuncionais em pacientes classe II esquelética... (AU)

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is the most common chronic orofacial pain, found by dentists and other health professionals. Its etiology has a multifactorial character, and may involve, from hereditary factors, parafunctional habits, malocclusions, to anxiety and stress. Objective: This study investigated the TMD frequency and its relationship among parafunctional habits in a population of skeletal class II patients. Method: A sample composed by a class II patients was selected in a non probabilistic manner. Seventy-three members agreed to participate in the research, submitting themselves to a physical examination that consists in the application of Axis I (RDC/TMD). Results: Forty-six percent of patients diagnosed with a positive diagnosis. The average age of the patients was 27 years ± 8.73 years, 82% female and 80% white. Thirty-four patients reported some parafunctional activity. Of these, biting nail represented the group most frequently, followed by bruxism, interposition of objects between the teeth and lastly clenching. As variables did not present a statistically significant association with the primary outcome studied. Conclusion: In the sample studied, it is observed that there is no association between TMD occurrence and parafunctional habits in skeletal class II patients... (AU)

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The Rationale: The surgery first approach is a safe and stable procedure for the correction of dentofacial deformities that requires little orthodontic correction, leading to a faster return of functions. Patient Concerns: Patient with facial discrepancies seeks treatment that returns function and aesthetics, requiring a less prolonged treatment with adequate results. Diagnosis: Clinical, facial, and radiological image analysis was used for diagnosis and treatment plan. Treatment: Surgery first approach was performed in a patient with facial pattern II dolichocephalic, vertical maxillary excess, mandibular growth deficiency, aesthetic, and functional complaints, with the completion of the orthodontic treatment in 15 months. Outcomes: Follow-up of 36 months showed no evidence of recurrence of the initial condition and occlusal stability was maintained. The patient had no more functional and aesthetic complaints. Take-away Lessons: Aesthetic and functional improvements were observed more rapidly due to the correction of the skeletal deformity, with improvement in behavior and self-esteem.