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Objective: To determine the difference between patients and dentists regarding the assessment of attributes for choosing a dental center in Trujillo, Peru. Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional observational study was conducted involving a sample of 162 dentists and 162 patients from the Trujillo province in Peru. The data was collected through a virtual questionnaire, validated by experts, and assessed for reliability. Statistical analysis was performed using the U-Mann Whitney and Spearman correlation tests, with a significance level set at 5%. Results: Patients, in comparison to dentists, demonstrated a greater preference for selecting a dental center where the practitioner is a recognized specialist (p<0.001). Similarly, patients showed a preference for centers offering expedited appointments, advanced technology, and equipment, providing affordable and flexible payment options, free consultations, and having convenient parking and comfortable facilities (p<0.05). Conversely, dentists perceived that the most valued attribute by patients is the recommendation of the dentist (p=0.031). Conclusions: When choosing a dental center, patients primarily value attributes related to both the professional responsible for care and administrative management. Conversely, dentists consider the main factor influencing a patient's choice of dental center to be recommendations of the dentist. Valoración de los atributos para la elección de un centro odontológico en Trujillo, Perú: pacientes versus odontólogos

Objetivo: Determinar la diferencia entre pacientes y odontólogos con respecto a la valoración de atributos para la elección de un centro odontológico en Trujillo. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal comparativo con una muestra de 162 odontólogos y 162 pacientes de la provincia Trujillo (Perú). La data fue recogida a través de un cuestionario virtual, sometido a validación por expertos y prueba de confiabilidad. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante las pruebas U-Mann Whitney y correlación de Spearman, considerando un nivel de significancia del 5%. Resultado: Los pacientes, con respecto a los odontólogos, mostraron mayor valoración para la elección del centro odontológico cuando el profesional es especialista y reconocido (p<0.001); así mismo, cuando se le brindan citas rápidas, se usa tecnología y equipamiento adecuados, se brindan facilidades de pago con precios bajos y consultas gratuitas, y el centro cuenta con estacionamiento y espacios cómodos (p<0.05). Por su parte, los odontólogos consideran que el atributo más valorado por los pacientes es que el profesional sea recomendado (p=0.031). Conclusión: Para la elección del centro odontológico, los pacientes valoraron en mayor medida los atributos relacionados al profesional responsable de la atención y la gestión administrativa. Por otro lado, los odontólogos consideraron preferentemente que el atributo principal para la elección del centro odontológico por parte del paciente es que el odontólogo haya sido recomendado.

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Objetivo: refexionar sobre la aplicación de la ética convergente en la práctica odontológica de pregrado para comprender las tensiones entre los principios cardinales que pueden suscitarse en la relación estudiante-paciente. Métodos: se exponen los fundamentos teóricos de la ética convergente y se relacionan las tensiones bio(éticas) que propone con un ejemplo en la práctica formativa estudiante-paciente de odontología. Resultados: se desarrolló una articulación de la ética convergente con un caso práctico en odontología. Conclusión: la ética convergente puede brindar un punto de partida para aplicar el análisis bioético en la práctica clínica odontológica, por parte del estudiante.

Objective: To refect on the application of convergent ethics in undergraduate dental practice to understand the tensions between the cardinal principles that can arise in the student-patient relationship. Methods: The theoretical foundations of convergent ethics are exposed and the bio(ethical) tensions proposed in convergent ethics are related to an example of their application in the dental student-patient training practice. Results: An articulation of convergent ethics was developed with a practical case in dentistry. Conclusion: Convergent ethics can provide a starting point to apply bioethical analysis in the clinical practice of dental students.

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Resumo Este artigo explora sentidos e significados do trabalho odontológico no SUS, no contexto da relação profissional-paciente. Pesquisa qualitativa com 20 cirurgiões-dentistas que atuavam em um município paulista de médio porte, abordada por meio de três grupos focais, com a pergunta disparadora "Qual é o sentido ou significado do seu trabalho, aqui na prefeitura, para você?". O material foi áudio-gravado, transcrito na íntegra e analisado pelo método de análise de conteúdo temática. Procedemos a realização de leitura flutuante, categorização e discussão dos achados junto aos pares de pesquisadores para validação final. Como resultados, aponta-se a construção das categorias 1) Estranheza às necessidades percebidas pelos pacientes e a consequente medicalização da vida, e 2) Poder e consumo como significados da prática. O trabalho do cirurgião dentista, nesse contexto, evidenciou as diferenças entre as necessidades percebidas pelo paciente e aquelas que o dentista considera. Além disso, revelou o poder que emana da assimetria entre paciente e profissional como dificultador da produção de autonomia do paciente. Tais significações parecem trazer sofrimento para esses profissionais no seu trabalho. Concluiu-se que há necessidade de reflexão sobre o trabalho em saúde como forma de se evitar sofrimento, e que a prática desses dentistas é carregada de sentidos e significados.

Abstract This study explores the senses and meanings attributed to dental work in the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) focusing on dentist-patient relations. A qualitative research was conducted with 20 dentists working in a medium-sized municipality in São Paulo, divided into three focus groups and asked the guiding question "What sense or meaning do you attribute to your work here in the city?" Data were audio-recorded, fully transcribed, and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Floating reading, categorization, and peer discussion of the findings were performed for the final validation, resulting in two categories: 1) Strangeness to patients' needs and the subsequent medicalization of life, and 2) Power and consumption as meanings of practice. In this context, the dental practices showed the differences between patients' needs and those considered relevant by dentists. It also showed the power imbalance between patients and professionals as a hindrance to patients' autonomy. Such meanings seem to cause suffering to these professionals. In conclusion, reflections on health work are paramount to avoid suffering and understand that the practice of these dentists bears many senses and meanings.

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O desempenho de atributos profissionais de integralidade do atendimento de mulheres em situação de violência depende de como os cirurgiões-dentistas (CDs)estruturam suas práticas de cuidado e como compreendem a violência. Por isso, o objetivo desta revisão foi acumular evidências da responsabilidade profissional e obrigações sociais do CDe sua imprescindibilidade no enfrentamento da violência contra a mulher. Foram selecionados artigos nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELOe LILACS, a partir de Descritores emCiências da Saúde, para fundamentar e aprofundar as perspectivas sobre a integralidade do atendimento odontológico, considerando os conflitos sociais subentendidos na queixa principal. Constatou-se que a violência contra a mulher é resultante de processoshistóricos-sociais de desigualdade entre os gêneros; a agressão física sobressai-se entre as principais queixas e mulheres agredidas por seu parceiro têm alta prevalência de sofrer injúrias na cabeça e na face. As sequelas da violência vão além dos vestígios físicos e difundem-se a inúmeros problemas orais. Verificou-se pouca aptidão dos cirurgiões-dentistas para identificar, conduzir e propor alternativas de tratamento global à paciente, mesmo com protocolos para naturalização da investigação por meio da anamnese. A ampliação do conhecimento e discussão das políticas de ensino são oportunidades para consolidar a humanização e a integralidade de saúde, evitando exames e tratamentos mecânicos, sem afeto ou respeito. Essa estratégia faz parte da construção coletiva para o estabelecimento e manutenção do compromisso ético e social do Ensino em Odontologia, em que o CD compreende a magnitude de sua profissão e presta seus serviços articulado com a realidade social (AU).

Improving integrality on dental care for women in a violent situation depends on how the dentist conducts the care practices and how to comprehend the violence. For that reason, the goal of this review was to gather evidence and concerns about the role of dentists in addressing violence against women, professional responsibilities, and social obligation. At PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS were selected research and studies to substantiate and deepen perspectives about integrality on dental care attendance considering the social conflicts implied in the main complaint. Violence against women is produced in gender inequality arising from historical and social processes. Physical aggression is the main complaint. Women assaulted by their partners have a high prevalence of suffering head and face injuries. The violence's sequelae spread to countless problems beyond the physical traces. Dentists do not be able to identify, conduct, and purpose alternatives of global treatment even though with protocols of investigationthrough the anamnesis. Multiprofessional discussion expands the knowledge and it is an opportunity to reinforce oral health inclusive criteria avoiding mechanicaltreatment with no respect or affect. Thus, this is a collective construction strategy to establish and maintenance of the ethical and social commitment of Dentistry, on what dentists improve the dental care screening, intervening, and changing behavior according to the real demand of our society (AU).

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PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE: Effective communication, between patient and dentist, is a core clinical skill that commands dedicated pedagogy similar to that of developing scientific knowledge and psychomotor skills. This study aimed to describe active-learning strategies in a dental communication skills course, which sits within a broader foundation dental course and evaluate students' educational outcomes. METHODS: This is a two-phase retrospective, mono-centred study, completed in 2019 at an Australian dental school. Phase I, a case report, describes the Communication Skills for Oral Health (CSOH) course design and its active-learning strategies. Phase II analysed data from the course using Kirkpatrick's evaluation model to objectively measure the impact of the course and provide feedback to education designer. Students' perception (Level 1) was evaluated with an institutional, validated online survey. Descriptive and statistical analysis, included paired tests and Spearman's correlation analyses, used to investigate learning effect (Level 2) and student behaviour change (Level 3). To assess the impact of the CSOH course design (Level 4) the student grades from the course were analysed. RESULTS: The CSOH course encompasses three major topics: Essentials of Communication Skills, Professional-Patient Relationship and Managing Difficult Situations. Each topic included didactic content complimented with a variety of active-learning strategies to teach and assess students. Positive outcomes were recorded across all Kirkpatrick levels. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests an efficient communication skills course design, which may assist in the development of communication skills courses in other dental education institutions.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To translate, perform a cross-cultural adaptation and reliability analysis of the Survey of Anxiety and Information for Dentists (SAID) for use with Brazilian adolescents. Material and Methods: The SAID was translated into Brazilian Portuguese and back-translated to English. An expert committee compared both versions and examined their equivalence. Then, a face validation was performed with 10 adolescents. The SAID was applied in printed format with 25 questions. Participants answered and commented on the questions with a researcher to confirm the understanding and provide suggestions. The suggestions were implemented, and the expert committee approved the final version of the SAID in Brazilian Portuguese. The psychometric properties were tested with 60 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. Participants answered the Brazilian version of the SAID before their first dental appointment and two weeks later to determine test-retest reliability. Reliability was analyzed by internal consistency analysis (Cronbach's alpha) and test-retest (ICC). Results: The instrument presented excellent reliability according to internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.77) and test-retest coefficients (ICC = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.81-0.93). The Kappa coefficients and the degree of agreement of the dichotomous questions indicated good reproducibility of the new version. Conclusion: The SAID translation, cross-cultural adaptation and reliability analysis were completed successfully. Thus, the Brazilian version of the SAID can be a useful survey tool for dental care of adolescent patients.

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A logística de atendimentos nas clínicas odontológicas da FO-UFRJ é baseada no ensino do aluno de graduação por meio de disciplinas teórico-práticas que visam a formação integral dos futuros cirurgiões-dentistas. Durante o processo prático da educação verifica-se a interação entre três usuários com diferentes papéis na dinâmica dos atendimentos clínicos: alunos, pacientes e professores. Por meio da observação da rotina clínica o objetivo desse estudo foi organizar e otimizar a logística dos atendimentos da FO-UFRJ, na tentativa de humanizar o atendimento oferecido. Com o foco na percepção dos pacientes sobre os benefícios recebidos, foi desenvolvido um aplicativo web (AppClin), baseado na metodologia do Design Thinking, com funções individualizadas para cada usuário. Estimou-se que o benefício para o paciente será sua participação efetiva durante o atendimento odontológico, ao ter acesso ao seu plano de tratamento, à visualização de agendamentos futuros e à avaliação do serviço recebido. Para o aluno, o App poderá proporcionar o estreitamento da relação paciente/profissional, aprimorando seu aprendizado e desenvolvimento como cirurgião-dentista, além de possibilitar o acompanhamento da sua produção clínica nas disciplinas e, também, facilitar o gerenciamento das consultas. Para o professor, a função de supervisionar os atendimentos na clínica, tanto individualmente por aluno ou no conjunto da turma, poderá ser acessível, a partir dos relatórios de dados de produção clínica e de satisfação do paciente, ambos gerados em cada atendimento. (AU)

The logistic of dental care at FO-UFRJ is based on the instruction of undergraduation students through theoretical-practical disciplines aiming the whole formation process of the future dentists. During the pratice of education process, the interaction between three users is verified with differents role in the dynamic of the clinical care: students, patients and professors. Based on the observation of the clinical routine, the objective of this study was to organize and optimize the logistics of dental care at FO-UFRJ, aiming to humanize the clinical care offered. With the focus on the perception of patients about the benefits received, a web app was developed (AppClin), based on design thinking methodology, containing individual functions for each user. The benefits for the patient will be the effective participation during the dental care with the access of his treatment plan, the checking of future schedules and the evaluating of the service received. For the student, the app provide a closer patient/professional relationship, improving the learning and their growth as a dentist, allowing him to monitore his clinical production and the management of the dental care. For the professor, the function of supervising the dental care in the clinics is available, either individually per student or by the whole class, throughout the student´s clinical production and the patient satisfaction data reported, both generated in each clinical attendances. (AU)

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Introdução: as relações dentista-paciente, atualmente, também estão sendo mediadas pelas Tecnologias de Comunicação e Informação, como, por exemplo, pelo WhatsApp®. Objetivo: verificar o uso do aplicativo WhatsApp® nas relações dentista-paciente com a finalidade de discutir as questões éticas e legais. Material e Métodos: revisão de literatura dos artigos científicos publicados nas bases PubMed, Bireme e Scielo, utilizando como descritores em inglês "WhatsApp®" and "Dentistry" e em português "WhatsApp®" and "Odontologia". Resultados: o uso do WhatsApp® nas relações dentista-paciente foi para teleconsulta/diagnóstico, segunda opinião, educação e prevenção em saúde bucal, adesão ao tratamento e monitoramento de pacientes. Conclusão: o WhatsApp® se for utilizado de forma correta e competente, em consonância com os preceitos éticos inscritos no Código de Ética Odontológica sobre o valor eminente do sigilo das informações e do exercício digno da profissão, pode potencializar os benefícios e otimizar as relações estabelecidas entre cirurgião-dentista e paciente

Introduction: dentist-patient relations are currently also being mediated by Communication and Information Technologies, such as WhatsApp®. Purpose: to verify the use of the WhatsApp® application in the dentist-patient relations to discuss the ethical and legal issues. Material and Methods: literature review of scientific articles published in PubMed, Bireme and Scielo databases. The descriptors used were "WhatsApp®" and "Dentistry". Results: the use of WhatsApp® in the dentist-patient relations were for teleconsultation/diagnosis, second opinion, oral health education and prevention, treatment adherence and patient monitoring. Conclusion: the WhatsApp®, if used correctly and competently, according the ethical precepts contained in the Brazilian Code of Dental Ethics about the value of information confidentiality and the proper exercise of the profession, can enhance the benefits and optimize the relationships established between dentist and patient

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RESUMEN Introducción: la articulación temporomandibular es una de las estructuras craneofaciales más complejas, mantiene una íntima relación con el sistema neuromuscular, tónico postural y la oclusión dentaria. Objetivo: identificar las variaciones verticales del tercio inferior de la cara, su relación con trastornos temporomandibulares y las necesidades asistenciales. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en el período comprendido de enero del 2017 a febrero 2018, en la Clínica Estomatológica Docente "Antonio Briones Montoto". El universo estuvo constituido por 803 estudiantes de las secundarias básicas del área de salud próxima al centro, la muestra quedó constituida por 256 escolares. El análisis de los datos se realizó en tablas de distribución de frecuencias y se procesaron mediante técnicas estadísticas. Resultados: el 14,8 % de los escolares examinados presentó proporción facial, un 33,9 % presentó disminución del tercio inferior y un 51,1 % el tercio inferior aumentado, prevalecieron los adolescentes con disturbios temporomandibulares para un 52,3 % predominando el tercio inferior de la cara aumentado, asociado a esta alteración, el Síndrome de clase I de Moyers se presentó en un 24,2 % y el Síndrome clase II de Moyers en un 18,3 %, relacionado a los disturbios de la articulación temporomandibular, el tratamiento correctivo fue la mayor necesidad para un 47,4 %. Conclusiones: el tercio inferior aumentado fue la mayor alteración determinada, al presentar una relación estadísticamente significativa con los disturbios de la articulación temporomandibular independientemente del sexo, el síndrome de clase I de Moyers predominó y el tratamiento ortodóncico correctivo fue la mayor necesidad asistencial.

ABSTRACT Introduction: temporomandibular joint is one of the most complex craniofacial structures; it maintains a close relationship with the neuromuscular, postural-tonic systems and the dental occlusion. Objective: to identify the vertical variations of the lower third of the face, its relationship with temporomandibular disorders and care needs. Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in the period from January 2017 to February 2018, at the "Antonio Briones Montoto" Teaching Stomatological Clinic. The universe was constituted by 803 students of the basic secondary schools of the health area near the center, the sample was constituted by 256 schoolchildren. The data analysis was performed in frequency distribution tables and processed using statistical techniques. Results: of the students examined 14,8 % presented facial proportion, 33,9 % showed a decrease in the lower third and 51,1 % in the lower third increased, adolescents with temporomandibular disorders prevailed 52,3 % with the lower third of the increased face predominating the association with this disorder, 24,2 % of them presented Moyers Class I Syndrome and 18,3 % Moyers Class II Syndrome related respectively to temporomandibular joint disorders, corrective treatment was most needed ( 47,4 %). Conclusions: the increased lower third was the greatest disorder determined presenting a statistically significant relationship with temporomandibular joint disorders regardless of gender, the Moyers class I syndrome was the most predominant and corrective orthodontic treatment showing the greatest need for health care.

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Background: Early tooth loss is recognized as a public health problem not only in Colombia but also worldwide. This phenomenon has been approached by positive research, but the approach hasn't been enough from social outlooks. Aim: to understand tooth loss related experiences and reveal the implications of social and emotional interactions of children and teenagers. Methods: Qualitative cross sectional study, this study collects elements of phenomenological approach and method. In data construction, ten children and teenagers with tooth loss were deeply interviewed. Data condensation in significance units was made for the analysis. several trends emerged around those units. Results: among the highlight trends, shame and acquiescence appeared after tooth loss, also dental pain were a key factor to choose dental extraction as a choice. To be afraid of the dentist and the dental attention process were related to the problem. Conclusion: this study contributed to the comprehensive setting extension, revealing shame and fear as emerged emotions through tooth loss suffering. Besides transforming actions in the macro-social level, it is required to build educational process that helps to overcome the imaginary relationship between dental practice and painful experiences and to generate skills that provide a humanized dental practice over an instrumental dental practice in order to change these realities.

Antecedentes: La pérdida dental temprana es reconocida como una problemática de salud pública en Colombia y en otros países del mundo. El fenómeno ha sido abordado por la investigación de enfoque positivo, pero es insuficiente la aproximación desde perspectivas sociales. Objetivo: Comprender las experiencias relacionadas con la pérdida dental y develar implicaciones para la interacción social y emocional de niños y jóvenes. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cualitativo que retoma elementos del enfoque y método fenomenológico. En la construcción de los datos participaron veinte niños y jóvenes con antecedentes de perdida dental. Se realizó entrevista en profundidad a los participantes. El análisis consistió en un proceso de condensación de los datos en unidades de significado, alrededor de las cuales emergieron varias categorías de análisis. Resultados: Entre las categorías emergentes, se destaca la aparición de emociones como la vergüenza y la resignación luego de perder los dientes. Así mismo la experiencia de dolor fue significativa y guio la decisión de optar por la extracción dental. El miedo al odontólogo y al proceso de atención odontológica fueron reconocidos como aspectos relacionados con la problemática. Conclusión: El estudio contribuyó a la ampliación de los marcos comprensivos, develando que la pérdida dental es un padecimiento atravesado por emociones como la vergüenza y el miedo. Transformar estas realidades, requiere además de la implementación de acciones en lo macro social, construir procesos educativos orientados a superar el imaginario que asocia la práctica odontológica con experiencias dolorosas, y generar capacidades que posibiliten el ejercicio de una práctica profesional más humana que instrumental.

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O presente trabalho parte da teoria geral da responsabilidade civil no direito brasileiro e da apresentação dos seus conceitos principais, na sequência analisa o enquadramento da responsabilidade civil específica dos dentistas, a natureza da obrigação assumida pelo profissional perante os pacientes e expõe as possíveis implicações em casos de desempenho da atividade profissional com imprudência, negligência ou imperícia. Apresenta-se ainda uma análise de julgados realizados pelo Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo nestes primeiros meses do ano 2019 e demonstra a importância da evolução e aprofundamento da pesquisa do tema no sentido de se buscar uma maior segurança jurídica quanto a controvérsias relevantes, notadamente sobre o enquadramento das obrigações como sendo de meio ou de resultado(AU)

The present work is based on the general theory of civil liability in Brazilian law and on the presentation of its main concepts. It then analyzes the framework of specific civil liability of dentists, the nature of the obligation assumed by the professional towards patients and exposes the possible implications in cases of performance of professional activity with recklessness, negligence or malpractice. It also presents an analysis of judgments made by the Court of Justice of the State of São Paulo in these first months of 2019 and demonstrates the importance of the evolution and deepening of the research of the subject in the sense of seeking greater legal certainty regarding relevant controversies, notably on the framing of obligations as means or results(AU)

El presente trabajo parte de la teoría general de la responsabilidad civil en el derecho brasileño y de la presentación de sus conceptos principales, en la secuencia analiza el encuadramiento de la responsabilidad civil específica de los dentistas, la naturaleza de la obligación asumida por el profesional ante los pacientes y expone las posibles implicaciones en casos de desempeño de la actividad profesional con imprudencia, negligencia o impericia. Se presenta además un análisis de juzgados realizados por el Tribunal de Justicia del Estado de São Paulo en estos primeros meses del año 2019 y demuestra la importancia de la evolución y profundización de la investigación del tema en el sentido de buscar una mayor seguridad jurídica en cuanto a controversias relevantes, especialmente sobre el encuadramiento de las obligaciones como de medio o de resultado(AU)

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Objective: To identify the social representations of children in relation to the image of the dentist. Material and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with quantitativequalitative approach. The sample consisted of 80 children of both sexes aged 7-10 years attended at a clinic-school of a university in eastern Minas Gerais, Brazil. For data collection, the Test of Free Words Association (TALP) was used, with the word "dentist" as its inducing theme. The four items included in the research instrument were: 1) evoke up to five words or expressions related to the dentist; 2) to order each of them numerically, with number one being the most important and number five being the least important; 3) to conceptualize the one elected as number one; and 4) to justify the reason for that choice. The EVOC software was used to carry out quantitative analyses and the Analysis of Content of Bardin for qualitative analyses. Results: The words that composed the central nucleus of social representations were "tooth", "pain", "brushing" and "treats". This grouping of ideas points to the following conceptual formulation: "The dentist is someone who 'brushes' and 'treats' teeth, but sometimes performs procedures that cause 'pain'. The categories abstracted from participants' discourse were "oral health", "personal characteristics of the dentist" and "child-dentist interaction". Conclusion: Children presented predominantly positive image regarding the dentist.

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As doenças gengivais e periodontais mais comuns e prevalentes são a gengivite e as periodontites, ambas têm como fator etiológico o biofilme dental periodontopatogênico, que é composto principalmente por bactérias. Alguns fatores de risco podem favorecer o aparecimento ou o agravo dessas doenças, podendo estar associado ao acúmulo/agregação do biofilme (fatores locais) ou a exacerbação do processo imuno-inflamatório (fatores sistêmicos), sendo de extrema importância a identificação dos mesmos para o devido controle destas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar, por meio de uma revisão da literatura, a importância da participação do paciente no sucesso do tratamento periodontal, considerando as obrigações entre as partes, referendadas nos estudos revisados, no Código de Ética Odontológica e no Código de Defesa do Consumidor. Os trabalhos, legislação e normativa revisados mostraram que o sucesso da terapia periodontal depende de uma adequada informação e conscientização do paciente por parte do profissional assistente, além da sua aceitação, compreensão e colaboração em relação ao tratamento que será executado, seguido por uma rigorosa terapia periodontal de suporte mediante à(s) sua(s) necessidade(s). A prática odontológica, portanto, deve ser alerta em tratamentos de Periodontia, por sua complexidade de contexto de informação, pelo compromisso paritário, sendo o cuidado ético e o conhecimento odontolegal fundamentais para uma prática clínica de baixo risco.

The most common and prevalent gingival and periodontal diseases are gingivitis and periodontitis, both of which have as their etiological factor the periodontal pathogenic dental biofilm, which is composed mainly of bacteria. Some risk factors may favor the appearance or aggravation of these diseases, and may be associated with accumulation / aggregation of the biofilm (local factors) or exacerbation of the immune-inflammatory process (systemic factors), being extremely important the identification of the same for the due to their control. The objective of this study was to analyze, through a review of the literature, the importance of patient participation in the success of periodontal treatment, considering the obligations between the parties, endorsed in the reviewed studies, the Code of Ethical Dentistry and the Code of Defense of the Consumer. The studies, legislation and regulations revised showed that the success of periodontal therapy depends on adequate information and awareness of the patient on the part of the assistant, as well as their acceptance, understanding and collaboration in relation to the treatment to be performed, followed by a rigorous therapy periodontal period of support through your need (s). Dental practice, therefore, should be alert in periodontal treatments, due to its complexity of information context, equal commitment, ethical care and odontolegal knowledge are fundamental to a low risk clinical practice.

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O presente estudo analisou reportagens não científicas veiculadas na internet, que divulgaram óbitos relacionados ao tratamento odontológico. Dezessete reportagens foram coletadas do site de busca Google®, utilizando-se palavras-chave específicas. Foram extraídas informações como: o ano e local de óbito; o sexo da vítima; o procedimento executado, dentre outras. A maioria dos pacientes eram do sexo feminino com idades entre 3 e 57 anos. A extração dental foi o procedimento mais vinculado aos óbitos. O presente estudo salienta a importância do planejamento clínico visando evitar situações inesperadas no consultório odontológico e chama atenção para as informações veiculadas pela mídia.

This study examined not scientific articles published on the internet which reported deaths related to Dental treatment. Seventeen reports were collected from the Google® search engine, using specific keywords. Several data were extracted, such as: the year and place of death; the victim's gender; the dental procedure performed, among others. Most patients were female aged between 3 and 57 years. Dental extraction was the most prevalent procedure. The present study highlights the importance of proper clinical planning in order to avoid unexpected situations in the routine of Dentistry; and suggests that the information reported by the non-scientific media must be carefully interpreted.

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O objetivo da pesquisa foi caracterizar um grupo de adultos, em situação não clínica, quanto à ansiedade ao tratamento odontológico. A pesquisa descritiva, do tipo transversal, ocorreu mediante levantamento de dados primários. A população-alvo foi constituída por sujeitos adultos que se encontravam em espaços públicos, no perímetro central de uma cidade de Santa Catarina (Brasil). O plano amostral foi não probabilístico e a obtenção da amostra deu-se por conveniência. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário elaborado com base na Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS). A amostra foi composta por 304 pessoas (56% do gênero feminino e 44% do masculino). As idades variaram de 18 a 65 anos. O percentual de mulheres com ansiedade foi de 78% e o de homens foi 58%. A maioria (62,1%) dos sujeitos sem ansiedade tinha entre 18 a 34 anos. A consulta em menores intervalos de tempo foi citada por 75,3%; os procedimentos curativos foram os mais citados (57,4%) como motivo da última consulta. Os fatores desencadeadores de ansiedade foram os instrumentos relacionados às intervenções curativas. O maior intervalo de tempo para efetivação da consulta e a consulta em decorrência de dor foram mais frequentes no grau exacerbado. Concluiu-se que a amostra se classificou como portadora de baixo grau de ansiedade; as mulheres demonstraram ser mais ansiosas do que os homens; a maioria do grupo sem ansiedade estava entre os mais jovens; e a frequência da consulta preventiva decresceu à medida que aumentava o grau de ansiedade.

The objective of this research was to characterize a group of adults in a non-clinical situation in terms of their level of anxiety during dental treatment. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study using a survey of primary data. The target population consists of adult subjects, encountered in public spaces at the downtown area of a town in the State of Santa Catarina (Brazil). It used a non-probability sampling collected by convenience. Data were collected using a questionnaire based on the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS). The sample consisted of 305 subjects (56% female and 44% male). Ages ranged from 18 to 65 years. The percentage of women with anxiety was 78% and of men, 58%. Most of the subjects (62.1%) who revealed no anxiety were aged between 18 and 34 years. Shorter intervals between visits to the dental clinic were mentioned by 75.3% of subjects; treatment procedures were the reasons most frequently mentioned for the last visit to the dental clinic. The factor that most triggered anxiety was the equipment used in the treatment. A longer interval between the last visit and the next one due to pain was the most frequently reason mentioned as a cause of exacerbated anxiety level. It was concluded that the sample was classified as having low anxiety; women showed more anxiety than men; most of the subjects in the group who did not suffer anxiety were younger; and the lower the frequency of preventative visits, the higher the level of anxiety.

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Introdução: O medo e a ansiedade são emoções preocupantes no consultório odontológico por desencadearem diferentes tipos de comportamento e causarem repercussões somáticas indesejáveis. A reversão do quadro de ansiedade ao tratamento odontológico requer intervenções de diferentes enfoques. Neste sentido, o papel do cirurgião-dentista no processo de redução dos efeitos negativos da ansiedade é essencial. Frente à importância da temática é desejável melhor se conhecer o fenômeno de ansiedade ao tratamento odontológico. Objetivo: identificar a influência de fatores sociodemográficos na determinação de ansiedade ao tratamento odontológico, junto a uma amostra de adultos residentes em Santa Catarina. Métodos: pesquisa descritiva, do tipo transversal, mediante levantamento de dados primários. A população-alvo foi constituída por adultos, residentes em três cidades da região oeste de Santa Catarina (Brasil) e uma cidade do litoral norte catarinense. O plano amostral foi não probabilístico e a obtenção da amostra deu-se por conveniência. A determinação do nível de ansiedade foi efetuada com base numa adaptação da escala de Corah - Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS). Resultados: a amostra constou de 1219 sujeitos, com idades variando de 18 a 87 anos. Os sujeitos classificados entre muito pouco a levemente ansioso (Grupo A - baixo nível) foram os mais frequentes (80 por cento) e 20 por cento eram portadores de moderada a extrema ansiedade (Grupo B - alto nível). A não efetivação de consultas de modo regular foi um pouco mais frequente entre os sujeitos do Grupo B. Conclusão: a maioria do grupo classificado com baixo nível de ansiedade (Grupo A) era de homens, da faixa etária de 50 ou mais anos e com grau de escolaridade superior.

Introduction: Fear and anxiety are disturbing emotions in the dental office for triggering different types of behavior and causing undesirable somatic repercussions. Reversal of anxiety disorders to dental treatment interventions requires different approaches. In this sense, the dentist's role in the reduction process of the negative effects of anxiety is essential. Considering the relevance of the theme it is desirable to understand clearly the anxiety phenomenon to dental treatment. Objective: to identify the influence of socio-demographic factors on the determination of anxiety related to dental treatment, in a sample of adults living in Santa Catarina. Methods: descriptive research, cross-sectional, through primary data collection. The target population consisted of adults living in two cities of the western region and one city of the north coast in Santa Catarina (Brazil). The sampling plan was not probabilistic and obtaining by convenience. To determine the level of anxiety was used an adaptation of Corah Scale - Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS). Results: The sample consisted of 1219 subjects, aged 18-87 years. The subjects rated between very little to look forward slightly (Group A - Low level) were the most common (80 per cent) and 20 per cent suffered from moderate to extreme anxiety (Group B - High level). The non-effective dental appointment was more frequent among subjects with high levels of anxiety (Group B). Conclusion: most in the group rated low anxiety (Group A) were men, older adults (50 or more years) and higher education. In the group with high levels of anxiety (Group B) the majority were women, young adults (18-24 years) and with higher education. The chi-square test revealed a significant association between anxiety and sexy and age.

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess technical preferences of general dental practitioners when restoring anterior composite restorations. How the level of clinical experience or post-graduate training infuenced their options was also tested. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using a questionnaire with general dental practitioners (GDPs) (n=276) in Southern Brazil. Information regarding post graduation training (specialization, master's or PhD degree) and linical experience (years since completing graduation) were gathered. The options regarding anterior composite restorations (type of composite, adhesive system, light curing unit, polishing procedures and rubber dam use) were collected. Data were submitted to descriptive analysis and associations were tested. Results: Response rate was 68% (187). GDPs selected microhybrid composite (52%) and 2-step total etch adhesive system (77%). LED was the preferred method of activation for 72.8%. Immediate polishing was preferred by 75%, using a combination of techniques. Most of the respondents (74.3%) did not use rubber dam. More experienced clinicians used more halogen lights (p<0.022), performed more light monitoring (p<0.001) and were resistant to use rubber dam (p<0.012). Dentists with post-graduation training used 3-etch-and-rinse system more frequently (p<0.04), usually monitored light intensity (p<0.014) and placed rubber dam more frequently (p<0.044). Conclusions: Hybrid composite, simplifed adhesives, LED units and immediate polishing were preferred by Southern Brazilian dentists for anterior composite restorations. Few dentists used rubber dam to perform composite restorations in anterior teeth. Clinical experience and post-graduation training infuenced the dentists' choices. .

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Introdução: atualmente, observa-se uma mudança na relação estabelecida entre o cirurgião-dentista e o seu paciente. A busca pela informação e a insatisfação com os resultados obtidos mediante os tratamentos odontológicos, fez com que as pessoas lutassem pelos seus direitos judicialmente. Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento dos estudantes e profissionais do DIREITO relacionado à responsabilidade civil em ODONTOLOGIA. Metodologia: foram aplicados 37 questionários destinados a estudantes de Direito de faculdades privadas e públicas da cidade de Salvador, além de entrevista com um advogado da área cível e procuradores do Ministério Público Estadual. Conclusões: observou-se que não existe um consenso entre os profissionais sobre que tipo de responsabilidade cabe ao CD.

Introduction: Currently there is a change in the relationship established between the dentist and his patient. The search for information and dis satisfaction with the results obtained with the dental treatment, meant that people fight for their rights in court. Objective: To assess students' knowledge and professional liability related to the RIGHT of DENTISTRY. Methods: 37 questionnaires were pplied for the law students of public and private colleges in the city of Salvador in an interview with a lawyer for the civil and public prosecutors State. Conclusions: We observed that there is no consensus among professionals about what kind of responsibility lies with the CD.

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Objetivo: determinar la orientación empática en estudiantes de odontología. Metodología: es una investigación no experimental, descriptiva, de corte transversal y ex post facto causa-efecto. La población estuvo constituida por 284 estudiantes de la carrera de odontología de la Universidad Central del Este (República Dominicana) y la muestra se conformó con 239 sujetos, quienes cursaban los niveles 1º, 2º, 3º, 4º y 5º (Años), durante 2012. Se utilizó la Escala de Empatía Médica de Jefferson (EEMJ), versión S, adaptada culturalmente para la República Dominicana. Resultados: se analizaron las variables año y género. Se encontró que el factor año fue altamente significativo (p<0,001), contrario a resultados del factor género (p>0,05), lo cual indica que existen diferencias entre los años estudiados, pero no entre los géneros. Conclusiones: es necesario realizar estudios que favorezcan la observación de las variables estudiadas y compararlas con modificaciones hechas a nivel de los programas académicos y mallas curriculares.

Purpose: To determine the empathetic orientation of dental school students. Methods: This is a non-experimental, descriptive, transversal and ex post facto cause and effect study. The population consisted of 284 dentistry students from the Universidad Central del Este (Dominican Republic). The sample size was of 239 subjects, who were enrolled in level 1º, 2º, 3º, 4º and 5º (years) during 2012. We applied a culturally adapted Spanish version of the Scale of Physician Empathy Jefferson (JSPE). Results: We analyzed variables year and gender, finding that year was highly significant (p <0.001), in contrast to gender (p> 0.05). This indicates that there are differences in empathetic orientation between years but not between genders. Conclusions: Further studies should be conducted that favor the observation of the variables studied. When possible, comparative analysis should be made to determine the impact of changes made at the academic programs and curricula.

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Objective: To guide pregnant patients, as regards their general and oral health, thus justifying the need to have regular prenatal and dental care, is an obligation of health professionals. Physicians, especially gynecologists and obstetricians play an important role, since they are the first professionals to take care of pregnant patients. Methods: The objective of present study was to evaluate physician's knowledge about dental treatment during pregnancy. Methods: Using questionnaires, 40 gynecologists and obstetricians were evaluated as regards their knowledge of dental care, and use of drugs and dental anesthetics in dental procedures during pregnancy. Results: Many myths referring to dental care in pregnant women were observed. Many physicians have knowledge about association between susceptibility to gingivitis/periodontitis and pregnancy. With reference to local anesthetics and vasoconstrictors used in dentistry, the physicians still have some doubts about their use, even with the literature supporting their safety in this period. It is intended to continue these contacts with the obstetricians, in order to extend their knowledge and seek multidisciplinary cooperation, which would promote adequate and complete prenatal care. Conclusion: It could be concluded that there are some divergences between obstetricians and dentists concerning dental care in pregnant women, which means losses for the patient.

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento destes profissionais sobre o tratamento odontológico na gestação. Métodos: Por meio do emprego de questionários, 40 médicos ginecologistas/obstetras tiveram seus conhecimentos avaliados no que se refere ao atendimento odontológico em gestantes e utilização de medicamentos e anestésicos pelos dentistas.Resultados: Com este estudo pôde-se observar que ainda existem muitos mitos em relação ao atendimento odontológico no período gestacional. Muitos médicos estão cientes das possíveis associações entre gravidez e aumento da suscetibilidade de problemas periodontais, por atuação hormonal. Quanto ao emprego de anestésicos locais e vasoconstritores, os médicos ainda apresentam grande receio em indicá-los, mesmo a literatura suportando a segurança de sua utilização e indicando a necessidade de intervenção odontológica neste período. Pretende-se continuar estas avaliações e contatos com os médicos obstetras, estendendo o conhecimento dos mesmos e buscando a atuação multidisciplinar, o que promoveria um pré-natal adequado. Conclusão: Conclui-se que ainda há divergências entre médicos obstetras e dentistas no que se refere ao atendimento odontológico das gestantes, o que pode trazer prejuízos para a própria paciente.

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