RESUMO

BACKGROUND: There has been recent interest in the seric levels of procalcitonin (PCT) and C reactive protein (PCR) as a marker of intraabdominal infection after a colorrectal surgery, however, the actual literature remains inconclusive. OBJECTIVE: To test if C-Reactive Protein (PCR) and procalcitonin (PCT) as predictive factors of anastomotic leak after colorectal surgery. METHOD: Retrospective cohort, of patients with ileostomy or colostomy who had intestinal transit restitution by general surgeons in our center, from march 2018 to march 2020. RESULTS: We registered 4 (36.4%) anastomotic leaks. We compared median PCR and PCT between group 1 (without anastomotic leak) and group 2 (with anastomotic leak). Median PCT3PO was 4.86 ng/ml in group 1 vs 13.7 ng/ml in group 2, and PCT5PO was 1.3071 ng/ml vs 6.74 ng/ml (DS: 5.04 vs. 11.53 and 0.779 vs. 10.44). Median PCR3PO and PCR5PO was 194.7 mg/l in group 1 vs 100.97 mg/l in group 2, and 159.8 mg/l vs 65.67 mg/l, (DS: 88.78 vs. 82.01 and 94.77 vs. 58.009). CONCLUSIONS: Persistent higher levels of seric PCR and PCT at 3rd and 5th postoperative day could be an anastomotic leackage. This biomarkers might be added as additional criteria of discharge.

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ANTECEDENTES: La medición sérica de procalcitonina (PCT) y proteína C reactiva (PCR) como marcadores de infección intraabdominal posterior a la cirugía colorrectal ha tomado interés en los recientes años, sin embargo, la literatura que existe en la actualidad no es concluyente. OBJETIVO: Evaluar los biomarcadores séricos de inflamación procalcitonina (PCT) y proteína C reactiva (PCR) como factores predictores para dehiscencia de anastomosis (DA) en cirugía colorrectal. MÉTODO: Cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes con cirugía abdominal, con ileostomía o colostomía, que fueron protocolizados para restitución del tránsito intestinal por el departamento de cirugía general en un hospital de tercer nivel, de marzo de 2018 a marzo de 2020. RESULTADOS: La DA ocurrió en 4 (36.4%) de 11 pacientes. Se comparó la media de dos grupos: el grupo 1 sin DA frente al grupo 2 que presentaron DA. Las concentraciones séricas de PCT3PO fueron de 4.86 ng/ml en el grupo 1 y 13.7 ng/ml en el grupo 2, y las de PCT5PO fueron de 1.3071 ng/ml y 6.74 ng/ml, respectivamente (desviación estándar [DE]: 5.04 vs. 11.53 y 0.779 vs. 10.44). Las concentraciones séricas de PCR3PO fueron de 194.7 mg/l en el grupo 1 y 100.97 mg/l en el grupo 2, y las de PCR5PO fueron de 159.8 mg/l y 65.67 mg/l, respectivamente (DE: 88.78 vs. 82.01 y 94.77 vs. 58.009). CONCLUSIONES: La persistencia de valores elevados den PCR y PCT séricas al tercer y quinto día posoperatorios pudieran demostrar DA. Estos marcadores podrían agregarse como criterio de egreso.

Assuntos

Estudos Retrospectivos , Humanos

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Anastomosis leak occurs in 1-19% of colorrectal surgeries. Our objective was to present the first Mexican case series on colorrectal surgery using indocyanine green fluorescence angiography to evaluate perfusion prior to carrying out the anastomosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, analytic, descriptive study was conducted. We studied the case records of consecutive patients that underwent colorrectal surgery with indocyanine green angiography performed by the same group of colorrectal surgeons. RESULTS: Twenty-one case records were reviewed. Eleven (52.3%) of the patients were women, mean patient age was 57 years (38-82), and mean body mass index was 25 kg/m2 (17-34). Fifteen (71.4%) patients were diagnosed with malignant disease. Indocyanine green angiography changed our therapeutic decision in three (14.2%) patients. Two colorrectal anastomoses (14.2%) were performed at fewer than 5 cm from the anal verge and 13 (61.9%) were performed at more than 5 cm from the anal verge. Three of the anastomoses were ileocolic (14.2%), two were coloanal (9.5%), and one was ileoanal (4.7%). There were six (28.5%) complications, no cases of anastomotic leak, and no complications associated with the use of indocyanine green. The mortality rate was 0%. CONCLUSION: The present case series is the first on colorrectal surgery conducted in Mexico using indocyanine green fluorescence angiography, with excellent results.

Assuntos

Cirurgia Colorretal , Verde de Indocianina , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Angiofluoresceinografia , Humanos , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Anastomotic leak occurs in 1-19% of colorrectal surgeries. Our objective was to present the first Mexican case series on colorrectal surgery using indocyanine green fluorescence angiography to evaluate perfusion prior to carrying out the anastomosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, analytic, descriptive study was conducted. We studied the case records of consecutive patients that underwent colorrectal surgery with indocyanine green angiography performed by the same group of colorrectal surgeons. RESULTS: Twenty-one case records were reviewed. Eleven (52.3%) of the patients were women, mean patient age was 57 years (38-82), and mean body mass index was 25 kg/m2 (17-34). Fifteen (71.4%) patients were diagnosed with malignant disease. Indocyanine green angiography changed our therapeutic decision in three (14.2%) patients. Two colorrectal anastomoses (14.2%) were performed at fewer than 5 cm from the anal verge and 13 (61.9%) were performed at more than 5 cm from the anal verge. Three of the anastomoses were ileocolic (14.2%), two were coloanal (9.5%), and one was ileoanal (4.7%). There were six (28.5%) complications, no cases of anastomotic leak, and no complications associated with the use of indocyanine green. The mortality rate was 0%. CONCLUSION: The present case series is the first on colorrectal surgery conducted in Mexico using indocyanine green fluorescence angiography, with excellent results.

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the risk factors for anastomosis leak in colon cancer surgery (CCS) in our environment, and developed a predictive equation for that risk. METHOD: We performed a case-control study nested in a cohort of 576 consecutive patients undergoing colon cancer surgery with primary anastomosis, univariate statistical tests and univariate logistic regression for statistical analysis of associated factors with anastomosis leak in colon cancer surgery, and multivariate logistic regression for predicting that risk using a predictive equation associated with a ROC curve. RESULTS: We obtained a higher risk of anastomosis leak in patients whose operative time was longer than 180 minutes. The variables: preoperative transfusion, previous pathologies, nutritional status, approach, surgical technique or age do not influence the development of this complication. The equation found has a sensitivity of 64.1% and a specificity of 67.5%. CONCLUSION: Operation time longer than 180 minutes was the main risk factor for anastomosis leak. Our equation can hardly predict this risk. After further validation, our results may help the surgeon make a more individualized, safer decision regarding whether to perform an anastomosis or make a stoma.

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OBJETIVO: Analizar los posibles factores de riesgo de dehiscencia de anastomosis tras cirugía de cáncer de colon en nuestro entorno y elaborar una ecuación predictiva del riesgo. MÉTODO: Estudio de casos y controles sobre una cohorte de 576 pacientes intervenidos de cáncer de colon. Se realizó análisis descriptivo, análisis univariante y regresión logística multivariante para la predicción del riesgo de dehiscencia de anastomosis mediante una ecuación predictiva asociada a curva ROC. RESULTADOS: Existe mayor riesgo de presentar dehiscencia de anastomosis cuando el tiempo quirúrgico supera los 180 minutos. La transfusión preoperatoria, la patología previa, el estado nutricional, la vía de abordaje, la técnica quirúrgica y la edad no influyen en el desarrollo de esta complicación. Se ha determinado el punto de corte óptimo para la predicción aplicando la ecuación, que presenta una sensibilidad del 64.1% y una especificidad del 67.5%. CONCLUSIÓN: El tiempo quirúrgico prolongado es el principal factor de riesgo de fuga tras la cirugía. Nuestra ecuación difícilmente puede predecir dicho riesgo. Tras su validación, nuestros resultados pueden ayudar al cirujano a tomar una decisión individualizada y segura sobre realizar una anastomosis primaria o dejar un estoma.

Assuntos

Fístula Anastomótica/epidemiologia , Neoplasias do Colo/cirurgia , Idoso , Anastomose Cirúrgica , Fístula Anastomótica/etiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Colo/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco

RESUMO

Objetivo: Describir los factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de dehiscencia anastomótica en pacientes sometidos a cirugía intestinal en una población mexicana, con énfasis en el estado nutricional del paciente. Sede: Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Oaxaca, Secretaría de Salud. Diseño: Estudio clínico, ambispectivo, ambilectivo de casos y controles. Análisis estadístico: Análisis univariado con χ², regresión logística binomial simple y regresión logística multivariada. Pacientes y métodos: Se analizaron 144 pacientes sometidos a 214 resecciones y/o derivaciones intestinales con anastomosis. Se consideraron distintos factores clínicos, demográficos y de laboratorio asociados a dehiscencia de anastomosis. Los principales factores de riesgo considerados fueron: número de anastomosis, tipo de anastomosis, IMC, antecedente de cáncer, creatinina, tabaquismo, tipo de cirugía, nivel de hemoglobina, cuenta de leucocitos y linfocitos, tiempos de coagulación, biometría hemática, género, hipotensión intraoperatoria, diabetes mellitus, enfermedad cardiovascular, puntuación de ASA, hiperbilirrubinemia, BUN y sangrado quirúrgico. Se valoró la asociación de estas variables a la dehiscencia anastomótica y a la mortalidad de la población. Resultados: Se analizaron 144 pacientes sometidos a 214 anastomosis. En el análisis univariado, las variables que mostraron significancia estadística para dehiscencia fueron edad (p < 0.001), sangrado (p = 0.01) y la necesidad de transfusiones (p = 0.03). La presencia de hipoalbuminemia o un IMC < 15 no fueron significativos tanto en el análisis univariado como en el multivariado. El sangrado quirúrgico y la necesidad de transfusiones mostraron ser los predictores más significativos de desarrollo de dehiscencia anastomótica en el análisis multivariado (p < 0.01). Conclusiones: La presencia de hipoalbuminemia y un bajo índice de masa corporal no aumenta el riesgo de dehiscencia anastomótica en la población de estudio. Los principales factores de riesgo asociados a la fuga anastomótica son el sangrado transoperatorio y la administración de hemoderivados en el perioperatorio.

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Objective: To describe the risk factors associated to the development of an anastomotic dehiscence in patients subjected to intestinal surgery in a Mexican population, emphasizing the nutritional state of the patient. Setting: Surgery Service, Regional High Specialty Hospital of Oaxaca, Mexico. Ministry of Health (Third Level Health Care Center). Design: Clinical, ambispective, ambilective study of cases and controls. Statistical analysis: Univariate analysis with χ2, simple binomial logistic regression, and multivariate logistic regression. Patients and methods: We analyzed 144 patients subjected to 214 resections and/or intestinal shunts with anastomoses. We considered different clinical, demographic, and laboratory factors associated to dehiscence of anastomoses. The main risk factors considered were: number of anastomoses, type of anastomoses, IMC, antecedents of cancer, creatinine, smoking, type of surgery, hemoglobin level, leukocytes and lymphocyte counts, clotting time, blood biometrics, gender, intraoperative hypotension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, ASA score, hyperbilirubinemia, BUN, surgical bleeding. We assessed the association of these variables with anastomotic dehiscence and mortality in the studied population. Results: We analyzed 144 patients subjected to 214 anastomoses. The univariate analysis revealed that the variables with statistical significance for dehiscence were age (p < 0.001), bleeding (p = 0.01), and need of transfusions (p = 0.03). The presence of hypoalbuminemia or a BMI < 15 was not significant in either the univariate and multivariate analyses. Surgical bleeding and the need of transfusions were the most significant predictors for the development of anastomotic dehiscence in the multivariate analysis (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The presence of hypoalbuminemia and a low BMI does not increase the risk of anastomotic dehiscence in the studied population. The main risk factors associated to anastomotic leakage are transoperative bleeding and administration of hemoderivates during the perioperative time.