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A erupção dentária é definida como a movimentação dos dentes em desenvolvimento para emergir através dos tecidos moles da maxila e da mandíbula. O primeiro dente decíduo geralmente irrompe na cavidade bucal em um intervalo entre quatro e dez meses de idade e manifestações locais e sistêmicas associadas à erupção são observadas e relatadas por pais de bebês que passam pelo processo. Deste modo, este trabalho busca revisar e analisar a literatura em relação à percepção dos pais sobre os sinais e sintomas observados durante o processo de erupção dentária em bebês. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, buscando por artigos indexados nas bases eletrônicas de dados PubMed e Portal BVS. Ao final, foram selecionados 16 artigos científicos, sendo em sua maioria estudos com delineamento transversal (n: 11). Apenas dois estudos foram realizados no Brasil, sendo a Índia (n: 4) o país com maior número de artigos incluídos. Os sinais e sintomas mais relatados pelos pais foram febre (n: 16), perda de apetite (n: 13) e aumento da salivação (n: 12). Os estudos analisados apresentaram limitações, como a falta de padronização dos questionários direcionados aos pais. Compreende-se, desta forma, que mais estudos com populações variadas, amostras maiores e questionários padronizados são necessários.

Dental eruption is defined as the movement of developing teeth to emerge through the soft tissues of the maxilla and mandible. The first deciduous tooth usually erupts into the oral cavity between the fourth and tenth month of age. During this time, local and systemic manifestations are observed and reported by parents of babies who undergo the process. Thus, this stud seeks to review and analyze the literature regarding the perception of parents about the signs and symptoms observed during the process of tooth eruption in babies. An integrative literature review was performed, searching for articles indexed in PubMed and Portal BVS electronic databases. Sixteen papers were selected, mostly of which were cross-sectional studies (n: 11). Only two studies were carried out in Brazil, with India (n: 4) being the country with the highest number of articles included. The most reported signs and symptoms were fever (n: 16), loss of appetite (n: 13) and increased salivation (n: 12). The analyzed studies had limitations, such as the lack of standardization of the questionnaires addressed to parents. We conclude more studies with varied populations, larger samples and standardized questionnaires are needed.

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Cortical organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent a powerful in vitro experimental system to investigate human brain development and disease, often inaccessible to direct experimentation. However, despite steady progress in organoid technology, several limitations remain, including high cost and variability, use of hiPSCs derived from tissues harvested invasively, unexplored three-dimensional (3D) structural features and neuronal connectivity. Here, using a cost-effective and reproducible protocol as well as conventional two-dimensional (2D) immunostaining, we show that cortical organoids generated from hiPSCs obtained by reprogramming stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) recapitulate key aspects of human corticogenesis, such as polarized organization of neural progenitor zones with the presence of outer radial glial stem cells, and differentiation of superficial- and deep-layer cortical neurons and glial cells. We also show that 3D bioprinting and magnetic resonance imaging of intact cortical organoids are alternative and complementary approaches to unravel critical features of the 3D architecture of organoids. Finally, extracellular electrical recordings in whole organoids showed functional neuronal networks. Together, our findings suggest that SHED-derived cortical organoids constitute an attractive model of human neurodevelopment, and support the notion that a combination of 2D and 3D techniques to analyze organoid structure and function may help improve this promising technology.

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Nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments offer many advantages during endodontic instrumentation; however, the fracture risk within the canal remains a concern. Manufacturers continuously develop and introduce instruments to the market with supposedly enhanced cyclic fatigue resistance and increased flexibility, achieved through different proprietary manufacturing processes, the details of which have not been made public. In recent years, two rotary systems specially designed for deciduous teeth have been commercially available, but information about their performance is lacking. This investigation aimed to identify which manufacturing process provides better cyclic fatigue resistance: the AF-H Wire technology used in the AF baby rotary files (AF-f) or the CM-Wire technology used in the i3 Gold deciduous teeth rotary files (i3G-f). Forty rotary International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 25/04 files were tested in artificial canals with a standard geometry of 60° angle and 2.5 mm radius until fracture. The number of cycles to fracture was calculated, and the length of the fragments was measured. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the fracture surfaces and fragments. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to determine the percentage weight of NiTi in each file. The statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney test) showed that the cyclic fatigue resistance of the AF-f was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than that of the i3G-f. Additionally, there was a significant difference (p = 0.0419) in the length of the fractured fragments. All instruments showed one or more types of manufacturing defects and presented similar NiTi percentages by weight. The manufacturing process is critical to cyclic fatigue resistance, and there seems to be responsible for the difference in cyclic fatigue resistance between these similar instruments.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of extrinsic black pigmentation in primary dentition and its relationship with dental caries in children aged 3 to 5 years. Materials and methods: The study design was descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional and observational; The sample of the present study consisted of 79 children who were receiving treatment with ferrous sulfate, who underwent a clinical examination and odontogram. To determine the presence of extrinsic black pigmentation, the Shourie classification was used. Results: A low prevalence of extrinsic pigmentation of 7.6% was found, and children with extrinsic pigmentation had a Ceod of 9.83+-3.601, while those children without the presence of pigmentations had a Ceod of 4.60+-3.248. Conclusions: A significant relationship was found between the Ceod index and extrinsic black pigmentation (p<0.001).

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BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to assess the frequency and variation of 13 nonmetric dental crown traits (NDCT) in permanent and primary molars in German orthodontic patients. METHODS: Dental records from orthodontic patients were screened and evaluated. First and second permanent and primary upper and lower molars (from left and right sides) were assessed. Teeth with cavitated dental caries, occlusal wear, restorations and obvious dental deformities were not evaluated. The NDCT for permanent molars were identified and scored according to the odontoscopic system developed by Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System (ASUDAS). The NDCT for primary molars were identified and scored according to ASUDAS, Hanihara's method and Sciulli's method. The χ2 test was used to investigate side preference and sexual dimorphism at a significance level of p ≤ 0.050. RESULTS: A total of 163 orthodontic patients (82 males and 81 females) aged 8-14 years were included. A sexual dimorphism was observed for the hypocone in first upper permanent molar (p = 0.041). The protostylid was observed in lower permanent molars (range 2.1-10%). Males presented more hypoconulid than females (p = 0.019). Only females presented the distal trigonid crest in lower first permanent molars (p = 0.002). The most common groove pattern in primary molars was Y; male presented more Y grade than females in the lower second primary molar (p = 0.039). Asymmetry was observed in some traits, ranging from 0 to 100%. CONCLUSION: The present study showed the frequency of NDCT of molars in German orthodontic patients and demonstrated that some traits present sexual dimorphism.

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Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) are common in children due learning to walk and lack of balance that leads to falls. Luxation is the trauma that occurs most frequently in the deciduous, being that the intrusive and the avulsive are the ones that cause more damage to the permanent successors. The potential to cause disturbances to the developing permanent germ is high due to anatomical proximity and depends on age, direction of intrusion, severity and treatment. The consequences to the permanent range from hypocalcifications of enamel to retention of the permanent germ. In this case, the developmental disturbance of the tooth 21 presenting with acute dentoalveolar abscess was a result of a three-degree intrusive luxation of the deciduous predecessor. The tooth 61 was misdiagnosed initially as avulsion, but it was a total intrusion as uncovered after a radiographic examination that showed an image suggestive of the presence of the deciduous tooth. The deciduous was extracted along with his permanent successor through outpatient procedure under antibiotic coverage and local anesthesia. The macro and microscopic analysis of the piece evidenced the presence of elements 21 and 61 closely united, as well as alterations provoked in both. There was remission of the infectious process and after 7 days it was verified the correct healing of the surgical wound. The radical outcome of this case emphasizes the relevance of appropriate clinical support as soon as possible in all TDI.

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The objective of this work was to estimate the prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear (ETW), and to identify risk indicators of deciduous dentition of a group of schoolchildren from public schools in Tlalnepantla de Baz, State of Mexico. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 352 schoolchildren from 5 to 7 years old. The severity of the ETW was evaluated using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE). Risk indicators were evaluated through a survey which included food and beverage consumption, consumption habits, vitamin C consumption, gastroesophageal reflux, heartburn, belching, xerostomia, vomiting and teeth grinding. Multinomial logistic regression models were fitted. The prevalence of ETW was 99.7% (n = 351). Regarding severity, 46.6% were at a null/mild level, 27.3% moderate, and 26.1% severe. Males were more likely to present severe ETW (odds ratio (OR) = 2.23, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-3.93; p = 0.005). The risk indicators for the severity of ETW were the frequent consumption of citrus fruits (OR = 2.09, 95% CI, 1.12-3.89; p = 0.021), fruit juice (OR = 1.99, 95% CI, 1.06-3.75; p = 0.033), processed beverages (OR = 2.15, 95% CI, 1.23-3.78; p = 0.008) and hot sauce (OR = 1.82, 95% CI, 1.03-3.20; p = 0.036). The prevalence of ETW in the deciduous dentition was very high (99.7%) and ~1/3 for severe ETW. The dietary factors associated with severe ETW are part of the regular consumption of Mexican school-age children, which impact their oral health condition. It is important to establish intervention strategies from the infant stage, focused on both children and their caregivers.

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Temperate fruit and nut crops require distinctive cold and warm seasons to meet their physiological requirements and progress through their phenological stages. Consequently, they have been traditionally cultivated in warm temperate climate regions characterized by dry-summer and wet-winter seasons. However, fruit and nut production in these areas faces new challenging conditions due to increasingly severe and erratic weather patterns caused by climate change. This review represents an effort towards identifying the current state of knowledge, key challenges, and gaps that emerge from studies of climate change effects on fruit and nut crops produced in warm temperate climates. Following the PRISMA methodology for systematic reviews, we analyzed 403 articles published between 2000 and 2023 that met the defined eligibility criteria. A 44-fold increase in the number of publications during the last two decades reflects a growing interest in research related to both a better understanding of the effects of climate anomalies on temperate fruit and nut production and the need to find strategies that allow this industry to adapt to current and future weather conditions while reducing its environmental impacts. In an extended analysis beyond the scope of the systematic review methodology, we classified the literature into six main areas of research, including responses to environmental conditions, water management, sustainable agriculture, breeding and genetics, prediction models, and production systems. Given the rapid expansion of climate change-related literature, our analysis provides valuable information for researchers, as it can help them identify aspects that are well understood, topics that remain unexplored, and urgent questions that need to be addressed in the future.

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This paper evaluated the influence of different protocols of silver fluoride (SF) pretreatment of artificial carious lesions on the adhesive interface of composite resin restorations and remineralization of deciduous dentin compared to silver diamine fluoride (SDF). Sixty-four deciduous molar teeth were randomly divided into 8 groups (n = 8) according to the restoration time (immediately - IM; 30 days after SDF/SF treatment - 30 D) and treatment before restoration (SDF 38 %; SDF 38 % + potassium iodide - KI; SF 38 %; SF 38 % +KI). After SDF/SF application, teeth in the IM group were restored with self-etch universal adhesive system/composite resin. Samples in the 30D groups were stored in artificial saliva (37 °C) for 30 days before receiving the same restoring protocol. Beams were obtained from all groups and subjected to bond strength tests (µTBS), ultrastructural qualitative analysis (FEG) and mineral analysis (SEM/EDX; Micro-Raman spectroscopy). The µTBS data were subjected to three-factor ANOVA and multiple comparisons (Holm-Sidak method). Bond strength values (MPa) for IM groups were 16.9 ± 2.7 (SDF); 17.6 ± 3.5 (SDF + KI); 16.8 ± 5.5 (SF); 18.4 ± 4.1 (SF + KI); and 14.9 ± 4.2 (SDF); 16.0 ± 5.4 (SDF + KI); 14.1 ± 3.6(SF); 16.4 ± 5.4 (SF + KI) for 30D groups. Bond strength wasn't influenced by the moment of restoration (IM or 30D); the use of KI didn't alter adhesion characteristics; SDF/SF solutions resulted in similar adhesive strength; calcium and phosphate expressions were identified at the interfaces on IM and 30D moments. However, 30D presented qualitative increase in these ions, compatible with remineralization. It was concluded that the adhesion of composite resin restorations in artificial caries lesions of deciduous teeth treated with SDF (38 %) and SF (38 %) had similar effects in vitro; the use of KI or the moment when restorations were accomplished did not influence the adhesion and all tested protocols promoted remineralization of carious dentin.

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This study aimed to illustrate the biological behavior and changes in cell function during the progression of apical periodontitis in deciduous teeth and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. Deciduous teeth periodontal ligament stem cells (DePDLSCs) were derived and their identity was confirmed. The viability, inflammation, and osteogenic ability of cells were tested by exposing them to various concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0-100 μg/mL) using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and ALP activity assay. In addition, osteogenic-induced cells with and without 10 μg/mL LPS were harvested for high-throughput sequencing. Based on sequencing data, proinflammatory factors and ALP expression were measured after interference with the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway activator, 740Y-P. LPS biphasically affected the proliferation and osteogenesis of DePDLSCs. Low concentrations of LPS showed stimulatory effects, whereas inhibitory effects were observed at high concentrations. Sequencing analysis showed that the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway was significantly downregulated when DePDLSCs were treated with 10 μg/mL LPS. The LPS-induced inflammation and osteogenesis inhibition of DePDLSCs were partially rescued by 740Y-P treatment. In conclusion, LPS affected DePDLSCs proliferation and osteogenesis in a biphasic manner. Moderate activation of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway was beneficial for osteogenic differentiation and anti-inflammatory effect in DePDLSCs. This research may provide etiological probes for apical periodontitis and its treatment.

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PURPOSE: In recent years, minimal intervention procedures (MIPs) for treating dental caries in children have stood out as an innovative method. Nevertheless, the treatment decision should be based on scientific evidence, professional expertise, and parents' preference/acceptance. Evaluating the acceptance of MIPs by parents is an essential factor, but little information is available on what guides this preference. METHODS: This scoping review aims to synthesize the evidence on parents'/caregivers' acceptance of MIP for managing cavitated caries lesions in children. A search was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Lilacs and Google Scholar databases with no restriction on date or language. RESULTS: A total of 19 articles were selected (6 clinical trials, 1 longitudinal and 12 cross-sectional studies). The application of silver diamino fluoride (SDF) was the most commonly evaluated procedure (n = 17), followed by the atraumatic restorative technique (ART) and the Hall Technique (HT). The acceptance of MIPs ranged from 1.4% to 100%, and the application of SDF was better accepted in posterior teeth and in uncooperative children. ART had better aesthetic acceptance than HT. CONCLUSION: Application of SDF, Hall Technique and ART was well accepted by parents/caregivers. However, a gap remains in the literature regarding the acceptance of other procedures. Therefore, further studies in this area will contribute toward a better understanding of the opinion of parents/caregivers, and thus improve caries lesion management in children.

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ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to evaluate occlusion development after premature loss or extraction of deciduous anterior teeth, by means of a prospective cohort study. Methods: Fifteen infants and children aged 1 to 5 years old were longitudinally assessed (with loss or extraction of deciduous anterior teeth [n = 9], and without tooth losses [n = 6]). Photographs and dental casts at the baseline and after 24 months of follow-up were performed. Dental casts were scanned, and linear measurements were made on the digitalized models (missing tooth space, arch perimeter, arch length, arch width, intercanine length and intercanine width). The t-test was used for groups comparisons (α = 0.05). Results: Individuals' mean age at baseline was 2.93 (± 1.18) years. No statistically significant differences were observed in the missing tooth space in the group with tooth loss during the 24 months of follow-up (p > 0.05). Arch perimeter, arch length, arch width, intercanine length and intercanine width did not show differences between the groups (p > 0.05). Qualitative photographic evaluation revealed other changes in the dental arches and occlusion, such as exfoliation and eruption of deciduous teeth, eruption of permanent teeth, self-correction or establishment of malocclusion, among others. Conclusion: The results suggest that the premature loss of deciduous anterior teeth does not affect the perimeter, length and width of the dental arches; however, other alterations that lead to malocclusion could be established.

RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento da oclusão após perda prematura ou extração de dentes decíduos anteriores, por meio de um estudo de coorte prospectivo. Métodos: Quinze bebês e crianças de 1 a 5 anos foram avaliados longitudinalmente (com perda ou extração de dentes anteriores decíduos [n = 9] e sem perdas dentárias [n = 6]). Foram realizadas fotografias e modelos dentais no início e após 24 meses de acompanhamento. Os modelos dentários foram escaneados e medidas lineares foram feitas nos modelos digitalizados (espaço dentário perdido, perímetro da arcada, comprimento da arcada, largura da arcada, comprimento intercaninos e largura intercaninos). O teste t foi utilizado para comparações entre grupos (α = 0,05). Resultados: A média de idade dos indivíduos no início do estudo foi de 2,93 (± 1,18) anos. Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas no espaço dentário perdido no grupo com perda dentária durante os 24 meses de acompanhamento (p > 0,05). O perímetro da arcada, comprimento da arcada, largura da arcada, comprimento intercaninos e largura intercaninos não apresentaram diferenças entre os grupos (p> 0,05). A avaliação fotográfica qualitativa revelou alterações nas arcadas dentárias e na oclusão, como: esfoliação e erupção de dentes decíduos, erupção de dentes permanentes, autocorreção ou estabelecimento de má oclusão, entre outras. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que a perda prematura de dentes anteriores decíduos não afeta o perímetro, comprimento e largura das arcadas dentárias; entretanto, outras alterações que levam à má oclusão poderiam ser estabelecidas.

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Abstract This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial with two parallel arms and the objective was to compare the survival of resin modified glass ionomer (RMGIC) restorations in primary teeth using rubber dam or cotton roll isolation after a 30-month follow-up period. Ninety-two children (mean age 6.8 ± 1.37) and 200 primary molars with occlusal or occluso-proximal cavitated dentin caries lesions were randomly assigned into two groups: cotton rolls and rubber dam. All lesions were restored using RMGIC (RIVA Light Cure) after selective caries removal. Restorative failure and lesion arrestment were evaluated by two independent, trained, and calibrated examiners through clinical and radiographic examinations. The Kaplan-Meier test was used to assess the survival of restorations and Cox regression was used to assess the association of risk factors with restorative failure. There was no significant difference in survival rates between groups (p = 0.17). Older age (HR = 2.81 [95%CI: 1.47-5.44]) and higher rate of gingival bleeding (HR = 0.47 [95%CI: 0.23-0.99]) were associated with restorative failure. No patient had painful symptoms, pulp outcomes, or radiographic changes compatible with lesion progression. The use of rubber dam isolation did not increase the survival rate of occlusal and occluso-proximal restorations using RMGIC in primary molars after 30 months of follow-up. Since the survival is not influenced by the type of isolation, the professional can safely choose the appropriate technique for each case, considering his experience and preferences, as well as those of the patient.

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Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil dos pacientes atendidos em um centro de referência de traumatismos dentários na dentição decídua, identificando as características sociodemográficas, frequência, tipos de lesões traumáticas e tratamentos realizados. Métodos:Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo com prontuários odontológicos de crianças de 6 a 60 meses de idade atendidas na Clínica de Traumatismo na Dentição Decídua da FAO/UFMG no período de 2007 a 2019. Foram analisadas características das lesões traumáticas, da criança, atendimento imediato (2h após o trauma) e condições socioeconômicas. A análise dos dados foi realizada de maneira descritiva e consistiu na distribuição de frequência das variáveis. Resultados:Entre os 610 prontuários odontológicos, 365 crianças (59,8%) eram do sexo masculino; 335 (54,9%) tinham 3 anos de idade ou menos, 446 (73,1%) eram de baixa renda e 335 (54,9%) das mães estudaram até o ensino médio. Lesões aos tecidos duros dentários apresentaram a maior frequência em crianças com 3 anos de idade ou menos (60,4%), entretanto, após os 3 anos de idade, as lesões mais frequentes foram lesões aos tecidos de sustentação (48,0%). Dentre a classificação de lesões aos tecidos duros dentários, a trinca e/ou fratura de esmalte foi a lesão mais frequente (15,0%). A luxação intrusiva foi o trauma mais frequente nos tecidos de sustentação (11,2%) e lesão em gengiva foi mais frequente dentre lesões nos tecidos moles (9,5%). Em geral, 212 crianças (34,8%) buscaram atendimento em um intervalo menor ou igual a duas horas após o trauma. A exodontia foi o tratamento mais realizado: em casos de lesões aos tecidos de sustentação (47,1%), seguido do mantenedor de espaço (24,3%). Em tecidos duros dentários a exodontia também foi o tratamento mais frequente (50,7%), seguido de restauração e mantenedor de espaço (18,0%). Conclusão: Conclui-se que a maioria dos traumatismos dentários na dentição decídua foram em meninos com menos de 3 anos e as lesões mais comuns foram trincas/fratura de esmalte, seguidas das luxações intrusivas.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the profile and characteristics of patients treated at a dental trauma reference center, and identifying frequency, types of traumatic injuries and treatments performed. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out with dental records of children aged 6 to 60 months attended at the Primary Dental Trauma Clinic of FAO/UFMG between 2007 and 2019. Characteristics of the child and traumatic dental injuries, immediate care (2 hours after the trauma) and socioeconomic status were analyzed. Data analysis was performed descriptively using frequency distribution. Results:Of the total of 610 dental records, 365 children (59.8%) were male; 335 (54.9%) were up to 3 years old, 446 (73.1%) were low-income and 335 (54.9%) had mothers who studied up to high school. Dental hard tissue injuries were more frequent in children aged 3 years or less (60.4%), but after 3 years of age, the most frequent injuries were supporting tissue injuries (48.0%). Among dental hard tissue injuries, enamel crack and/or fracture was the most frequent injury (15.0%). Intrusive luxation was the most frequent lesion in supporting tissues injuries (11.2%) and gingival lesions was the most frequent soft tissue injuries (9.5%). Overall, 212 children (34.8%) sought care within two hours of the injury. Extraction was the most common treatment for supporting tissue injuries (44.3%), followed by space maintainers (22.8%). In dental hard tissues injuries, extraction was also the most frequent treatment (35.8%), followed by restoration (30.2%). Conclusion: In conclusion, most traumatic dental injuries in the primary dentition occurred in boys under 3 years of age, and the most common injuries were enamel cracks/fractures, followed by intrusive luxation.

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El desarrollo dental puede presentar cambios y alteraciones en la forma, tamaño, estructura y cantidad de dientes. Dentro de las anomalías de cantidad se encuentran los dientes supernumerarios, los cuales se desarrollan en adición a la cantidad típica de dientes. Por su parte, la fusión es una anomalía de forma que resulta de la unión de dos gérmenes dentales, pudiendo ser completa o incompleta según el estado de desarrollo. La fusión dental, que puede resultar en dientes dobles o una corona dividida, es relativamente común, con una prevalencia del 0,1% al 2,5%; sin embargo, la fusión de tres dientes, conocida como "diente triple", es una anomalía poco frecuente, con una prevalencia del 0,02% en la dentición primaria. Se reporta el caso inusual de un niño de 5 años con una triple de fusión en su dentición primaria entre dos incisivos inferiores y un diente supernumerario.

O desenvolvimento dentário pode apresentar alterações e alterações na forma, tamanho, estrutura e número de dentes. As anormalidades quantitativas incluem dentes supranumerários, que se desenvolvem além do número típico de dentes. Por outro lado, a fusão é uma anomalia da forma que resulta da união de dois germes dentários, que podem ser completos ou incompletos dependendo do estágio de desenvolvimento. A fusão dentária, que pode resultar em dentes duplos ou coroa dividida, é relativamente comum, com prevalência de 0,1% a 2,5%; No entanto, a fusão de três dentes, conhecida como "dente triplo", é uma anomalia rara, com prevalência de 0,02% na dentição decídua. Apresentamos o caso incomum de um menino de 5 anos com uma tripla fusão na dentição decídua entre dois incisivos inferiores e um dente supranumerário.

Tooth development can present changes and alterations in the shape, size, structure, and number of teeth. Among the quantity anomalies are supernumerary teeth, which develop in addition to the typical number of teeth. On the other hand, fusion is an anomaly of form that results from the union of two dental germs, which can be complete or incomplete depending on the stage of development. Dental fusion, which can result in double teeth or a split crown, is relatively common, with a prevalence of 0.1% to 2.5%; However, three-tooth fusion, known as "triple tooth," is a rare anomaly, with a prevalence of 0.02% in the primary dentition. We present the unusual case of a 5-year-old boy with a triple fusion in his primary dentition between two lower incisors and a supernumerary tooth.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic response of pulp-dentin complex after selective caries removal with or without pulp lining in primary teeth. Material and Methods: Twenty-four primary molars with deep occlusal caries lesions and without pulpal alterations were selected from children, both genders, aged between 5 and 9 years old. After selective caries removal, the teeth were divided into three groups: without cavity liner (Group I), calcium hydroxide cement - CH (Group II), and Mineral trioxide aggregate - MTA (Group III). The final restoration was performed with resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Clinical and radiographic assessments were conducted at 6-month follow-up. The Kappa test determined intraexaminer reliability. Fisher's exact test evaluated intergroup comparisons (p<0.05). Results: All teeth showed clinical and radiographic success at the 6-month follow-up without statistically significant differences (p>0.05). Conclusion: Selective caries removal without cavity lining was acceptable for deep caries lesions in primary teeth.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To perform a bibliometric analysis on deciduous and permanent eruption publications to discuss the global trends and prospects on the topic. Material and Methods: A systematic search was conducted on the Scopus database. The characteristics of the publications, including co-cited authors, organizations, countries, most cited sources, publications, and keyword co-occurrence, were analyzed using VOSviewer software version 1.6.18. Results: After applying exclusion criteria, 492 studies were included in the analysis. The majority of research centers were located in Europe. "Archives of Oral Biology" emerged as the most frequently cited journal. The United States and Brazil were the most frequently cited countries in the publications. Notable co-authors included Kuchler E. C. and Hägg U. The most frequently cited keywords were associated with oral pathologies, tooth development, odontogenesis, and genetics. The most recent papers were published in journals focused on oral diseases. Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis highlights that the future of research in this field is likely to be focused on the investigation of tooth eruption in both deciduous and permanent teeth, with an emphasis on genetics, tooth development, timing of tooth eruption, and syndromic conditions. While well-accepted in the fields of Pediatrics and Orthodontics, there is a growing interest in this topic within oral biology and pathology journals in the Americas, with the United States and Brazil leading in terms of publications and citations.

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Abstract Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of Physical Education students about tooth avulsion (TA) in both dentitions before and after receiving an informative leaflet (IL). Material and Methods: The questionnaire contained information about TA in dentition and its management and was applied to the Physical Education students before and after reading an IL. Results: A total of 118 students, 96.61%, attended a first aid course, and 17.80% received information about TA. Most students (88.98%) never had an experience with TA, and 90.68% considered its management important. The other questions, before and after reading the IL, respectively, were: would not perform deciduous tooth replantation (42%; 88%); knew how to handle the avulsed permanent tooth (APT) (38%; 92%); knew how to clean the APT (50%; 99%); knew that permanent tooth replantation (PTR) must be immediate (15%; 95%); knew the ideal time to seek for the dentist right after TA without performing PTR (6%; 83%); knew how to store APT (31%; 97%). Conclusion: The knowledge of Physical Education students in this research revealed a limited understanding of dental tooth avulsion. After receiving an informative leaflet, the students showed a significant improvement in knowledge about traumatic avulsion management, including tooth replantation and proper actions.

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Aim:The purpose of this studywas to assess whether individuals with active caries lesions treated with professional topical application of fluoride at high concentrations show a lower incidence of caries than individuals who have not received professional treatment with fluoridated products. Literature review:Randomized clinical trials in which patients were followed up for at least 6 months were included. Studieswere identified with MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Pairs of reviewers independently conducted study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessments. Eight trials, which included 5018 children and adolescents, were eligible. Results were evaluated by calculating the preventive fraction to standardize the outcomes.Results:Fluoride varnish yielded a better preventive fraction (90.18% to 14.6%) in both primary and permanent dentitions in comparison with methods using gel (22.3% to 6%) and foam (24%) after a mean follow-up period of 20.6 months. Regardless of the product used, increased frequency of application yielded greater benefit. Discussion:Theseresults do not agree with previous findings that, in 8 weeks periods, did not observe an additional effect of the professional use of fluorides over the control treatments(biofilm control). The presentreview indicatesthe need for long-term monitoring of the effect of treatment, whereby the effects of high fluoride concentrations may appear. Conclusion:Professional fluoride treatment proved to be effective in preventing new long-term injuries in both primary and permanent dentition, irrespective of the vehicle used (varnish, gel, or foam). (PROSPERO Register number CRD42021210740).

Objetivo:Avaliar se indivíduos com lesões ativas de cárie tratadas com aplicação tópica profissional de fluoretos em altas concentrações apresentam menor incidência de cárie do que indivíduos que não receberam este tratamento. Revisão da literatura:Ensaios clínicos randomizados, com acompanhamento de pelo menos 6 meses foram incluídos. Os estudos foram identificados nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, SCOPUS e Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Pares de revisores conduziram de forma independente a seleção de estudos, extração de dados e avaliações de risco de viés. Oito estudos, que incluíram 5.018 crianças e adolescentes, foram elegíveis. Os resultados foram avaliados por meio do cálculo da fração preventiva. Resultados:O verniz fluoretado apresentou melhor fração preventiva (90,18% a 14,6%), tanto na dentição decídua quanto na permanente, em comparação com os métodos com gel (22,3% a 6%) e espuma (24%) após um período médio de seguimento de 20,6 meses. Independentemente do produto utilizado, o aumento da frequência de aplicação apresentou maior benefício. Discussão:Estes resultados diferem de achados anteriores em que, em períodos de 8 semanas, não houve efeito adicional do uso profissional de fluoretos em relação ao tratamento controle. A presente revisão indicou a necessidade de monitoramento a longo prazo do efeito do tratamento, quando os efeitos do fluoreto de alta concentração podem aparecer. Conclusão:O tratamento profissional com flúor mostrou-se eficaz na prevenção de novas lesões a longo prazo, tanto na dentição decídua quanto na permanente, independente do veículo utilizado (verniz, gel ou espuma). (Número de registro PROSPERO CRD42021210740).

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Introduction: Seed dispersal and seed predation have important impacts on plant diversity and community structure. Rodents participate in both of these types of interactions. Objectives: To evaluate the removal of the seeds of Crescentia alata, Randia capitata, and Zea mays by the squirrel Notocitellus adocetus to determine how it affects these plant species, by dispersing or preying on their seeds. Methods: We studied 14 individuals for C. alata, 24 for R. capitata, and for Z. mays 35 individuals. We observed foraging and used camera traps to determine the part of the fruit (seed and/or pulp) consumed by the squirrels and the amount of fruit or seed consumed. We also placed fine sand traps (FST) to measure the percentage of seed removal. We quantified the fruits produced by the plant species studied and the percentage of damage caused by N. adocetus throughout the plots. Results: Notocitellus adocetus feeds on the seeds and pulp of C. alata and Z. mays. The species with the highest removal rate and the highest percentage of damage was C. alata. Zea mays was the plant species that had the highest percentage of removal from FST, the largest number of fruits, and the lowest percentage of damage. On FST, R. capitata had the lowest seed remotion. Conclusions: Notocitellus adocetus is considered a seed predator; however, due to its behavior and the characteristics of the fruits of C. alata and R. capitata, this rodent could make the seeds available to secondary seed dispersers.

Introducción: La dispersión y depredación de semillas tienen efectos importantes en la diversidad de plantas y estructura de las comunidades. Los roedores participan en estos tipos de interacciones. Objetivos: Evaluar la remoción de semillas de Crescentia alata, Randia capitata y Zea mays por la ardilla Notocitellus adocetus, para determinar su efecto en estas especies de plantas, dispersando o depredando semillas. Métodos: Estudiamos 14 individuos de C. alata, 24 para R. capitata y 35 individuos para Z. mays. Observamos el forrajeo y usamos cámaras trampas para determinar la parte del fruto (semilla y/o pulpa) consumida y la intensidad de consumo por las ardillas. También colocamos trampas de arena fina (FST) para medir el porcentaje de remoción de semillas. Cuantificamos los frutos producidos por las especies estudiadas y el porcentaje de daño ocasionado por N. adocetus, mediante parcelas. Resultados: Notocitellus adocetus se alimenta de las semillas y pulpa de C. alata y Z. mays. La especie que tuvo mayor tasa de remoción y mayor porcentaje de daño fue C. alata. La especie con mayor porcentaje de remoción, mayor número de frutos y menor daño en las FST fue Z. mays. En las trampas de arena fina, R. capitata tuvo la menor remoción de semillas. Conclusiones: Notocitellus adocetus es considerada depredadora de semillas, no obstante, por su comportamiento y las características de los frutos de C. alata y R. capitata, este roedor podría dejar disponibles las semillas a dispersores secundarios de semillas.