RESUMO
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine in vitro the inhibitory activity of the ethanolic extract of Cyperus rotundus (Cajamarca - Contumazá) against a standardize strain of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC®25175™). Materials and methods: This study was an experimental in vitro study, which consisted of determining the inhibitory effect of three concentrations of the ethanolic extract of Cyperus rotundus: 250 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml, and 1000 mg/ml against a strains of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC®25175™). Ten tests were performed for each concentration, having 0.12% chlorhexidine as a positive control for Streptococcus mutans plates and 10% DMSO as a negative control. To evaluate the inhibitory effect, the disk diffusion method or Kirby-Bauer test was used, reading the results at 48 hours after initial sowing. Results: None of the three concentrations of the ethanolic extract of Cyperus rotundus demosntrated inhibitory effects on the Streptococcus mutans strain; however, the positive control, chlorhexidine, clearly showed inhibition halos of 14.43 mm ± 1.23 mm after 48 hours of incubation. Conclusions: The ethanolic extract of Cyperus rotundus did not inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans. It is recommended to deepen the chemical analysis of the components of this plant and explore other extraction methods to verify its bacteriostatic action versus other oral and non-oral microorganisms.
RESUMO
Abstract The present research evaluated the anti urolithic potential of Cyperus rotundus tubers extract using in silico, in vitro and in vivo techniques. In silicostudy was performed of Cyperus rotundus constituents and pathological protein oxalate oxidase (PDB Id: 2ETE). In vitrostudy, nucleation and aggregation assay involved for assessment of ethanol extract of Cyperus rotundus tuber (50-3000 µg/ml).In vivo studies involved that the Cyperus rotundusethanolic extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg B.wt.) wastreatedonsodium oxalate induced urolithiatic rats for seven days,evaluated kidney function by urine and serum biochemical analysis and statistical analysis performed usingGraphPad prism5 software.In silico results showedthat Cyperus rotundus constituents,Humulene epoxide, 4-Oxo-alpha-ylangene, Cubebol were exhibited better binding energyonoxalate oxidase.Ethanolic extract of Cyperus rotundustuber was exhibited nucleation, aggregation of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals inhibition in dosedependent manner. Sodium oxalate treatment was triggered biochemical changesin the urine that have been substantially prevented by the ethanolic extract of Cyperus rotundus tuber. The current findings Cyperus rotundus anti urolithic activity due to antioxidant essential oils. The molecular docking results could be used to optimize lead and develop the appropriate urolithiasis treatment.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Ratos , Óleos Voláteis/efeitos adversos , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Cyperus/efeitos adversos , Tubérculos/classificação , Técnicas In Vitro/métodos , Software/classificação , Oxalato de Cálcio/agonistas , Urolitíase/induzido quimicamente , Id , Antioxidantes/farmacologiaRESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae) is considered one of the most widely distributed plant species in the world, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. In addition, it is commonly used in India, China and Japan in traditional medicine to treat different diseases, including dermatitis and other skin disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate the topical anti-inflammatory activity of C. rotundus rhizome ethanolic extract in models of acute and chronic dermatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Phytochemical analysis was carried out using High-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC/UV) to determine the presence of quercetin and chlorogenic acid in C. rotundus extract. Topical anti-inflammmatory effects of C. rotundus extract were evaluated on arachidonic acid (AA) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced skin inflammation in mice. Skin biopsies were collected and submitted to histological and enzymatic analysis to evaluate the C. rotundus effect in leukocyte migration into inflamed tissue. Antiproliferative activity of C. rotundus was confirmed by PCNA immunostained cell analysis. Systemic and possible adverse effects of topical treatment with C. rotundus were evaluated by the skin atrophy and same organ weights. In addition, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist mifepristone was used to investigate possible GR-mediated mechanisms of action. RESULTS: The phytochemical analysis show that C. rotundus ethanol extract contains 45 µg/g of chlorogenic acid. Topical treatment with C. rotundus extract reduced ear edema and cellular infiltrate in acute and chronic skin inflammation models. Moreover, mice topically treated with C. rotundus exhibited decrease in TPA-induced keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Relevantly, topical treatment with C. rotundus did not caused skin atrophy or changes in lymphoid organ weight. The anti-inflammatory effect of C. rotundus was not influenced by the GR antagonist. CONCLUSION: The results here demonstrate for the first time the topical anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative efficacy of C. rotundus extract, suggesting that the extract could be a potential new therapeutic tool for the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Cyperus , Dermatite de Contato/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Glândulas Suprarrenais/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Ácido Araquidônico , Atrofia/tratamento farmacológico , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Edema/metabolismo , Feminino , Irritantes , Queratinócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfonodos/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Compostos Fitoquímicos/análise , Compostos Fitoquímicos/uso terapêutico , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Rizoma , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/patologia , Baço/efeitos dos fármacos , Acetato de Tetradecanoilforbol , Timo/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Alelopatia se refere à capacidade que determinada planta possui de interferir no metabolismo de outra, por meio de compostos químicos liberados no meio. A tiririca é um exemplo típico deste tipo de planta, possuindo elevada concentração de ácido indolbutírico, podendo agir na germinação e enraizamento de outras plantas. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar o efeito de extratos de bulbos e folhas de tiririca e ácido giberélico na germinação de sementes de maracujá-amarelo. Para a obtenção dos extratos aquosos de tiririca utilizaram-se bulbos e folhas na concentração de 1 g 10 mL-1 (p/v) (1 g de matéria vegetal para 10 mL de água destilada), constituindo as soluções estoque. Foram utilizados extratos diluídos em cinco concentrações (20, 40, 60, 80 e 100%) e cinco concentrações de ácido giberélico (200, 400, 600, 800 e 1000 mg L-1 GA3 ). Como tratamento controle utilizou-se água destilada. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, apresentando 16 tratamentos, contendo cinco repetições, totalizando 80 unidades amostrais, contendo cada unidade dez sementes. Diariamente realizaram-se contagens do número de sementes germinadas para posterior cálculo de percentagem de germinação e Índice de Velocidade de Germinação. Sementes de maracujá-amarelo submetidas às concentrações de ácido giberélico tiveram sua germinação inibida, não sendo recomendado na germinação da espécie. Concentrações de extrato aquoso de folhas e bulbos de tiririca não influenciaram a germinação de sementes de maracujá-amarelo.(AU)
Allelopathy refers to the ability of certain plant has to interfere with the metabolism of other compounds by chemicals released into the environment. Cyperus rotundus is a typical example of such a plant, having a high IBA concentration and being able to influence and act on germination and rooting of the other plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bulbs and leaves extracts of Cyperus rotundus and gibberellic acid on the yellow passion fruit germination cycle. To obtain the aqueous extract bulbs and leaves were used along with a concentration of 1 g 10 mL-1 (p/v) (1 g of material plant to 10 mL of distilled water), forming stock solutions. Extracts were diluted in five concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%) and five concentrations of gibberellic acid (200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg L-1 GA3 ) were used. As a control treatment we used distilled water. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 16 treatments, five replicates, totaling 80 sampling units, each unit containing ten seeds. Daily counts were performed on the number of germinated seeds for subsequent calculation of germination percentage and germination speed index. Seeds of yellow passion fruit treated with concentrations of gibberellic acid had their germination inhibited and it is not recommended in the germination of the species. Concentrations of aqueous extract of leaves and sedge did not affect the germination of yellow passion fruit.(AU)
Assuntos
Germinação/fisiologia , Passiflora , Alelopatia/fisiologia , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Cyperus , Desenvolvimento Vegetal/fisiologiaRESUMO
Alelopatia se refere à capacidade que determinada planta possui de interferir no metabolismo de outra, por meio de compostos químicos liberados no meio. A tiririca é um exemplo típico deste tipo de planta, possuindo elevada concentração de ácido indolbutírico, podendo agir na germinação e enraizamento de outras plantas. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar o efeito de extratos de bulbos e folhas de tiririca e ácido giberélico na germinação de sementes de maracujá-amarelo. Para a obtenção dos extratos aquosos de tiririca utilizaram-se bulbos e folhas na concentração de 1 g 10 mL-1 (p/v) (1 g de matéria vegetal para 10 mL de água destilada), constituindo as soluções estoque. Foram utilizados extratos diluídos em cinco concentrações (20, 40, 60, 80 e 100%) e cinco concentrações de ácido giberélico (200, 400, 600, 800 e 1000 mg L-1 GA3 ). Como tratamento controle utilizou-se água destilada. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, apresentando 16 tratamentos, contendo cinco repetições, totalizando 80 unidades amostrais, contendo cada unidade dez sementes. Diariamente realizaram-se contagens do número de sementes germinadas para posterior cálculo de percentagem de germinação e Índice de Velocidade de Germinação. Sementes de maracujá-amarelo submetidas às concentrações de ácido giberélico tiveram sua germinação inibida, não sendo recomendado na germinação da espécie. Concentrações de extrato aquoso de folhas e bulbos de tiririca não influenciaram a germinação de sementes de maracujá-amarelo.
Allelopathy refers to the ability of certain plant has to interfere with the metabolism of other compounds by chemicals released into the environment. Cyperus rotundus is a typical example of such a plant, having a high IBA concentration and being able to influence and act on germination and rooting of the other plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bulbs and leaves extracts of Cyperus rotundus and gibberellic acid on the yellow passion fruit germination cycle. To obtain the aqueous extract bulbs and leaves were used along with a concentration of 1 g 10 mL-1 (p/v) (1 g of material plant to 10 mL of distilled water), forming stock solutions. Extracts were diluted in five concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%) and five concentrations of gibberellic acid (200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg L-1 GA3 ) were used. As a control treatment we used distilled water. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 16 treatments, five replicates, totaling 80 sampling units, each unit containing ten seeds. Daily counts were performed on the number of germinated seeds for subsequent calculation of germination percentage and germination speed index. Seeds of yellow passion fruit treated with concentrations of gibberellic acid had their germination inhibited and it is not recommended in the germination of the species. Concentrations of aqueous extract of leaves and sedge did not affect the germination of yellow passion fruit.
Assuntos
Alelopatia/fisiologia , Cyperus , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Germinação/fisiologia , Passiflora , Desenvolvimento Vegetal/fisiologiaRESUMO
Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a interferência da tiririca (Cyperus rotundus) sobre o crescimento e rendimento de grãos da cultura do milho. O experimento de campo foi realizado sob o delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos do convívio do milho com nove densidades de tiririca (0, 10, 30, 50, 90, 110, 130, 160 e 260 manifestações epígeas m-2). No florescimento da cultura fez-se a medição da altura das plantas, da inserção das espigas e a massa seca total das plantas de milho. Por ocasião da colheita foram determinados a massa de espigas, o rendimento de grãos e a massa de 100 grãos. O incremento da densidade de tiririca aumentou a altura de plantas e de inserção da primeira espiga do milho. Observou-se também redução no acúmulo de massa seca total, na massa de espigas e de 100 grãos e na produtividade do milho em todas as densidades avaliadas. A interferência da tiririca reduz o crescimento do milho com consequências diretas na produtividade de grãos da cultura.(AU)
This research aimed evaluates the influence of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) on the agronomic performance of maize. We conducted a field experiment at Viçosa, MG, in completely randomized design experimental with three replications. The treatments consisted of the interaction of maize with nine nutsedge densities (0, 10, 30, 50, 90, 110, 130, 160 and 260 plants m-2). In the flowering culture was made the measurement of plant height, the insertion of the corn ears and the total dry matter of corn plants. At harvest were determined ear weight, grain yield and 100-grain weight adjusted to 13% moisture. Higher density of nutsedge increased plant height and the insertion of the first corn ear. We also observed a reduction in total dry matter accumulation, ear weight, 100-grain weight and grain yield in all densities evaluate. Nutsedge control, even at low densities is necessary because the presence of this plant promotes negative effect on growth and development of corn with a direct consequences on crop productivity.(AU)
Assuntos
Zea mays/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Zea mays/parasitologia , Cyperus/parasitologiaRESUMO
Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a interferência da tiririca (Cyperus rotundus) sobre o crescimento e rendimento de grãos da cultura do milho. O experimento de campo foi realizado sob o delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos do convívio do milho com nove densidades de tiririca (0, 10, 30, 50, 90, 110, 130, 160 e 260 manifestações epígeas m-2). No florescimento da cultura fez-se a medição da altura das plantas, da inserção das espigas e a massa seca total das plantas de milho. Por ocasião da colheita foram determinados a massa de espigas, o rendimento de grãos e a massa de 100 grãos. O incremento da densidade de tiririca aumentou a altura de plantas e de inserção da primeira espiga do milho. Observou-se também redução no acúmulo de massa seca total, na massa de espigas e de 100 grãos e na produtividade do milho em todas as densidades avaliadas. A interferência da tiririca reduz o crescimento do milho com consequências diretas na produtividade de grãos da cultura.
This research aimed evaluates the influence of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) on the agronomic performance of maize. We conducted a field experiment at Viçosa, MG, in completely randomized design experimental with three replications. The treatments consisted of the interaction of maize with nine nutsedge densities (0, 10, 30, 50, 90, 110, 130, 160 and 260 plants m-2). In the flowering culture was made the measurement of plant height, the insertion of the corn ears and the total dry matter of corn plants. At harvest were determined ear weight, grain yield and 100-grain weight adjusted to 13% moisture. Higher density of nutsedge increased plant height and the insertion of the first corn ear. We also observed a reduction in total dry matter accumulation, ear weight, 100-grain weight and grain yield in all densities evaluate. Nutsedge control, even at low densities is necessary because the presence of this plant promotes negative effect on growth and development of corn with a direct consequences on crop productivity.
Assuntos
Cyperus/parasitologia , Zea mays/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Zea mays/parasitologiaRESUMO
The study include the establishment of pharmacognostic and phytochemical characters of Ativisha (Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle, Ranunculaceae) and to compare them with its substitutes, Cyperus rotundus L. (Musta), C. scariosus R. Br., Cyperaceae, and Cryptocoryne spiralis (Retz.) Fisch. ex Wydler, Araceae (Country Ativisha). Morphology of the four species was compared in authentic samples collected from the field. We performed histological, histochemical, phytochemical tests, using standard protocols. HPLC studies were done on aqueous extracts of samples in a Shimadzu HPLC system and the peaks were observed at 254 nm. Pharmacognostic characterization of Ativisha and others was done as completely as possible. On basis of histochemical analyses revealed the presence of alkaloid, terpenoid-alkaloid complex, lipids and calcium oxalate majorly. There was less than 50% similarity between Ativisha and the other three species in microscopic characters. There was greater similarity (87%) between the two Cyperus species. The phytochemical studies, on the other hand, showed less similarity (79.2%) between the two Cyperus species. There was greater phytochemical similarity (84.6%) between Aconitum and Cryptocoryne, which justifies the name "Country Ativisha" for the latter. Based on anatomical and histochemical analysis, structural as well as chemical parameters helpful in distinguishing Ativisha from the other three species were established. The phytochemical profiles showed that A. heterophyllum and Cyperus species have five common HPLC peaks which may explain some of their common therapeutic activities. Ativisha and Cryptocoryne show greater phytochemical similarities to one another and this explains why the latter is used in Siddha system of medicine as country Ativisha.