RESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Surgical resection of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is the cornerstone of curative treatment but entails considerable morbidity. The surgical Apgar score (SAS) is a practical and objective instrument that provides immediate feedback. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the SAS for predicting complications at 30 days in patients with primary GI cancer that underwent curative surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted that included 50 patients classified into a low SAS (≤ 4) group or a high SAS (≥ 5) group. Complications were defined as any event classified as a Clavien-Dindo grade II to V event. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed through the Cox regression and a p<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Overall postoperative morbidity was 50.0%, with no mortality. Eighty-six percent of cases were catalogued as having an ASA≥3. Eighty-eight percent had a high SAS, of whom 45.5% presented with a complication, whereas 12.0% had a low SAS and a complication rate of 83.3%. In the multivariate analysis, the BMI (OR: 3.351, 95% CI: 1.218-9.217, P=.019), SAS (OR: 0.266, 95% CI: 0.077-0.922, P=.037), surgery duration (OR: 3.170, 95% CI: 1.092-9.198, P=.034), and ephedrine use (OR: 0.356, 95% CI: 0.144-0.880, P=.025) were significantly associated with the development of adverse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: SAS was shown to be an independent predictive factor of postoperative morbidity at 30 days in the surgical management of GI cancer and appears to offer a reliable sub-stratification in a high-risk population with an ASA≥3.
Assuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais , Índice de Apgar , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/cirurgia , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: Because serum calcitonin (CT) is a reliable marker of the presence, volume, and extent of disease in medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), both the ATA and NCCN guidelines use the 2-3 month post-operative CT value as the primary response to therapy variable that determines the type and intensity of follow up evaluations. We hypothesized that the calcitonin would nadir to undetectable levels within 1 month of a curative surgical procedure. Subjects and methods: This retrospective review identified 105 patients with hereditary and sporadic MTC who had at least two serial basal CT measurements done in the first three months after primary surgery. Results: When evaluated one year after initial surgery, 42 patients (42/105, 40%) achieved an undetectable basal calcitonin level without additional therapies and 56 patients (56/84, 67%) demonstrated a CEA within the normal reference range. In patients destined to have an undetectable CT as the best response to initial therapy, the calcitonin was undetectable by 1 month after surgery in 97% (41/42 patients). Similarly, in patients destined to have a normalize their CEA, the CEA was within the reference range by 1 month post-operatively in 63% and by 6 months in 98%. By 6 months after curative initial surgery, 100% of patients had achieved a nadir undetectable calcitonin, 98% had reached the CEA nadir, and 97% had achieved normalization of both the calcitonin and CEA. Conclusion: The 1 month CT value is a reliable marker of response to therapy that allows earlier risk stratification than the currently recommended 2-3 month CT measurement.