RESUMO

We hypothesized that cottonseed cake in confined Nellore young bulls' diet as fiber source, could maintain or improve the nutrient intake, and productive and metabolic parameters. It was evaluated the total replacement of whole plant corn silage (WPCS) by cottonseed cake (CSC) as a source of fiber in the diet. A completely randomized design with two treatments and 12 replications was used. The treatments were two experimental diets containing 300 g/kg of WPCS or CSC as roughage. All animals at 0, 15, 30, 60 and 112 days were weighed to monitor productive performance and nutrient intake. Dry matter intakes, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, physically effective neutral detergent fiber, crude protein and non-fiber carbohydrates of the WPCS treatment cattle were higher (p < 0.05), and the ethereal extract intake of cattle fed CSC diet was higher. The BW of cattle fed WPCS was higher in the two initial periods of confinement (p < 0.05). Animals from both treatments showed linear growth during the confinement period. There was a fiber source × period interaction for total weight gain (TWG), average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (FE) (p < 0.05), with the lowest in the first 15 days and the highest at 30 days, reflecting a compensatory gain in animals fed with CSC. Bulls fed with CSC showed negative TWG and ADG in the first period (p < 0.05), but recovered in the following periods, surpassing that of the SC treatment in the last two periods. There was negative EF of bulls fed with CSC in the first period (P < 0.05), but in the following periods the CSC diet did not differ from the WPCS diet. The animals fed CSC diet showed a higher concentration of cholesterol and glucose in the blood plasma (p < 0.05). The forage-free diet containing cottonseed cake as a source of fiber replacing corn silage promoted better animal performance.

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RESUMO

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the replacement of ground corn by crude glycerin and soybean meal by cottonseed cake, in association or not, on feedlot lambs' feeding behavior. Thirty-two non-castrated crossbred ½ Dorper ½ Santa Inês lambs, with an average body weight of 18.52 ± 3.24 kg (mean ± standard deviation), were distributed in a completely randomized design, into four treatments and eight replicates per treatment, in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme. Four experimental diets were tested with different sources or combinations of energy and protein ingredients in the concentrate, respectively: (1) ground corn + soybean meal; (2) ground corn and cottonseed cake; (3) crude glycerin and soybean meal; and (4) crude glycerin and cottonseed cake. The glycerin decreased dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (P < 0.001) intakes, whereas it increased times spent in feeding (P = 0.009; from 21.8 to 28.6), rumination (P = 0.006; from 56.2 to 67.2), and chewing (P < 0.001; from 79.4 to 97.2), in minutes/100 g of DM. Feeding efficiencies of DM (P = 0.003) and NDF (P = 0.008) were decreased by the diets. Protein sources increased (P = 0.018) the times spent in chewing and per period in rumination (P = 0.014). Cottonseed cake, as a protein source, up to a 112 g/kg DM level, can totally replace soybean meal in diets for feedlot lambs without effects on the intake, behavioral activities, and feeding efficiencies. In contrast, the crude glycerin energy source is not adequate to replace ground corn in lambs' diets.

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RESUMO

Bean meal (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) may be a viable alternative in ruminant feeding, mainly as a source of protein due to its high crude protein content. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of substitution of cottonseed cake (Gossypium hirsutum) with different levels of bean meal in goat feedlot rations on dry matter intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, performance, carcass characteristics, and hematological parameters. Twenty castrated male Repartida goats with an average initial weight of 14.7 ± 2.0 kg were allocated in a randomized block design with four treatments. The initial body weight was used to define the blocks. The treatments were different substitution levels of cottonseed cake by bean meal (0, 27.75, 64.63, and 100%) in the concentrate on a dry matter basis. The diets had a roughage:concentrate ratio of 50:50. Chopped elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) was used as roughage, while the concentrate was composed of ground corn, mineral mix, and different levels of bean meal and cottonseed cake. There were no treatment effects on dry matter intake, feed conversion, slaughter weight, carcass weight and yield, non-carcass component yield, and hematological parameters (P > 0.05). However, for both dry matter digestibility (P = 0.001) and daily weight gain (P < 0.001), there was a negative quadratic relationship between cottonseed cake and bean meal content in the diet. Bean meal can be used in goat diets to replace cottonseed cake as the only source of protein concentrate, since it did not affect the main performance characteristics.

Assuntos

RESUMO

To evaluate the productive and economic performance of the feedlot of Morada Nova crossbred sheep fed different protein sources in concentrate ration to replace soybean meal this study was conducted. Three different alternatives protein sources were used replacing soybean meal: Leucaena leucocephala leaflet hay (FFL) and urea, both replacing 100%, and cottonseed cake, replacing in 51.8% (TA51,8), based on the dry matter. Was evaluated the finale weight (PF), total weight gain (GPT) and average daily gain (GMD), the number of days for the lamb gain 12kg (D12) and the economic performance of confined lambs and fed with different alternatives proteins source replacing the soybean meal. The initial body weight was similar in lambs fed different proteins sources. When analyzing the finale weight PF, GPT e GMD, could be verify that the lambs fed with TA51,8 obtained the highest values, combined with a smaller D12. Regarding economic indicators, the gain of activity in R$/kg BW (body weight) was greater in feedlot that used the TA51,8 (R$0.76/kg PC), followed by that used soybean meal (R$0.64/kg PC), urea (R$0.33/kg PC) and FFL (R$0.21/kg PC). It is concluded that cottonseed cake in replacing the soybean meal in 51.8% is the alternative food more attractive among the evaluated in this study, because it allows a greater turnover of the system, promoting a better economic viability.

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho produtivo e econômico do confinamento de ovinos mestiços Morada Nova alimentados com diferentes fontes proteicas na ração concentrada em substituição ao farelo de soja. Três diferentes fontes proteicas alternativas foram utilizadas substituindo o farelo de soja: o feno do folíolo da leucena (FFL) e a ureia, ambas substituindo 100%, além da torta de algodão, substituindo em 51,8% (TA51,8), com base na matéria seca. Foram avaliados o peso final (PF), o ganho de peso total (GPT), o ganho médio diário (GMD), o número de dias para os cordeiros ganharem 12kg (D12) e o desempenho econômico de ovinos confinados e alimentados com diferentes fontes proteicas em substituição ao farelo soja. O peso corporal inicial foi similar nos cordeiros alimentados com as diferentes fontes proteicas. Ao analisar as variáveis PF, GPT e GMD, pôde-se verificar que os cordeiros alimentados com a ração TA51,8 foram os que obtiveram maiores valores, aliado a um menor D12. Quanto aos indicadores econômicos, o lucro da atividade em R$/kg de peso corporal (PC) foi maior no confinamento que utilizou a ração TA51,8 (R$0,76/kg PC), seguido pelos que utilizaram farelo de soja (R$0,64/kg PC), ureia (R$0,33/kg PC) e FFL (R$0,21/kg PC). Conclui-se que a torta de algodão em substituição ao farelo de soja em 51,8% é a alternativa alimentar mais atrativa dentre as avaliadas no presente estudo, pois permite uma maior rotatividade do sistema, promovendo uma melhor viabilidade econômica.

RESUMO

To evaluate the productive and economic performance of the feedlot of Morada Nova crossbred sheep fed different protein sources in concentrate ration to replace soybean meal this study was conducted. Three different alternatives protein sources were used replacing soybean meal: Leucaena leucocephala leaflet hay (FFL) and urea, both replacing 100%, and cottonseed cake, replacing in 51.8% (TA51,8), based on the dry matter. Was evaluated the finale weight (PF), total weight gain (GPT) and average daily gain (GMD), the number of days for the lamb gain 12kg (D12) and the economic performance of confined lambs and fed with different alternatives proteins source replacing the soybean meal. The initial body weight was similar in lambs fed different proteins sources. When analyzing the finale weight PF, GPT e GMD, could be verify that the lambs fed with TA51,8 obtained the highest values, combined with a smaller D12. Regarding economic indicators, the gain of activity in R$/kg BW (body weight) was greater in feedlot that used the TA51,8 (R$0.76/kg PC), followed by that used soybean meal (R$0.64/kg PC), urea (R$0.33/kg PC) and FFL (R$0.21/kg PC). It is concluded that cottonseed cake in replacing the soybean meal in 51.8% is the alternative food more attractive among the evaluated in this study, because it allows a greater turnover of the system, promoting a better economic viability.

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho produtivo e econômico do confinamento de ovinos mestiços Morada Nova alimentados com diferentes fontes proteicas na ração concentrada em substituição ao farelo de soja. Três diferentes fontes proteicas alternativas foram utilizadas substituindo o farelo de soja: o feno do folíolo da leucena (FFL) e a ureia, ambas substituindo 100%, além da torta de algodão, substituindo em 51,8% (TA51,8), com base na matéria seca. Foram avaliados o peso final (PF), o ganho de peso total (GPT), o ganho médio diário (GMD), o número de dias para os cordeiros ganharem 12kg (D12) e o desempenho econômico de ovinos confinados e alimentados com diferentes fontes proteicas em substituição ao farelo soja. O peso corporal inicial foi similar nos cordeiros alimentados com as diferentes fontes proteicas. Ao analisar as variáveis PF, GPT e GMD, pôde-se verificar que os cordeiros alimentados com a ração TA51,8 foram os que obtiveram maiores valores, aliado a um menor D12. Quanto aos indicadores econômicos, o lucro da atividade em R$/kg de peso corporal (PC) foi maior no confinamento que utilizou a ração TA51,8 (R$0,76/kg PC), seguido pelos que utilizaram farelo de soja (R$0,64/kg PC), ureia (R$0,33/kg PC) e FFL (R$0,21/kg PC). Conclui-se que a torta de algodão em substituição ao farelo de soja em 51,8% é a alternativa alimentar mais atrativa dentre as avaliadas no presente

Assuntos

RESUMO

To evaluate the productive and economic performance of the feedlot of Morada Nova crossbred sheep fed different protein sources in concentrate ration to replace soybean meal this study was conducted. Three different alternatives protein sources were used replacing soybean meal: Leucaena leucocephala leaflet hay (FFL) and urea, both replacing 100%, and cottonseed cake, replacing in 51.8% (TA51,8), based on the dry matter. Was evaluated the finale weight (PF), total weight gain (GPT) and average daily gain (GMD), the number of days for the lamb gain 12kg (D12) and the economic performance of confined lambs and fed with different alternatives proteins source replacing the soybean meal. The initial body weight was similar in lambs fed different proteins sources. When analyzing the finale weight PF, GPT e GMD, could be verify that the lambs fed with TA51,8 obtained the highest values, combined with a smaller D12. Regarding economic indicators, the gain of activity in R$/kg BW (body weight) was greater in feedlot that used the TA51,8 (R$0.76/kg PC), followed by that used soybean meal (R$0.64/kg PC), urea (R$0.33/kg PC) and FFL (R$0.21/kg PC). It is concluded that cottonseed cake in replacing the soybean meal in 51.8% is the alternative food more attractive among the evaluated in this study, because it allows a greater turnover of the system, promoting a better economic viability.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho produtivo e econômico do confinamento de ovinos mestiços Morada Nova alimentados com diferentes fontes proteicas na ração concentrada em substituição ao farelo de soja. Três diferentes fontes proteicas alternativas foram utilizadas substituindo o farelo de soja: o feno do folíolo da leucena (FFL) e a ureia, ambas substituindo 100%, além da torta de algodão, substituindo em 51,8% (TA51,8), com base na matéria seca. Foram avaliados o peso final (PF), o ganho de peso total (GPT), o ganho médio diário (GMD), o número de dias para os cordeiros ganharem 12kg (D12) e o desempenho econômico de ovinos confinados e alimentados com diferentes fontes proteicas em substituição ao farelo soja. O peso corporal inicial foi similar nos cordeiros alimentados com as diferentes fontes proteicas. Ao analisar as variáveis PF, GPT e GMD, pôde-se verificar que os cordeiros alimentados com a ração TA51,8 foram os que obtiveram maiores valores, aliado a um menor D12. Quanto aos indicadores econômicos, o lucro da atividade em R$/kg de peso corporal (PC) foi maior no confinamento que utilizou a ração TA51,8 (R$0,76/kg PC), seguido pelos que utilizaram farelo de soja (R$0,64/kg PC), ureia (R$0,33/kg PC) e FFL (R$0,21/kg PC). Conclui-se que a torta de algodão em substituição ao farelo de soja em 51,8% é a alternativa alimentar mais atrativa dentre as avaliadas no presente(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Cottonseed cake is used as source of proteins for animal feeding. However, cotton seeds present a substance with toxic potential in their composition, the gossypol. Gossypol is a compound highly reactive that binds rapidly to different substances, including minerals and amino acids. In males, gossypol promotes reduction of motility and spermatozoid concentration. The present work evaluated the effects on spermatogenesis of male sheep fed cottonseed cake.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Cottonseed cake is used as source of proteins for animal feeding. However, cotton seeds present a substance with toxic potential in their composition, the gossypol. Gossypol is a compound highly reactive that binds rapidly to different substances, including minerals and amino acids. In males, gossypol promotes reduction of motility and spermatozoid concentration. The present work evaluated the effects on spermatogenesis of male sheep fed cottonseed cake.(AU)

Assuntos