RESUMO
A clinical phenomenology of the concept 'unconscious fantasy' attempts to describe it from a 'bottom-up' perspective, that is, from the immediate experience of the analyst working in session. Articles of psychoanalytic authors from different persuasions are reviewed, which taken as a whole would shed some light on how the concept of unconscious fantasy takes shape in the analyst's mind during the session with the patient. A clinical phenomenology in three steps is described. Each step is illustrated by clinical material. Current controversies around the concept of unconscious fantasy (or phantasy) are still trapped in the discussion about if and how they are really unconscious. The strategy to describe from a 'bottom-up' perspective the process of how the analyst's mind embraces the idea that an emerging phenomenon in the relationship with the patient can be defined as 'unconscious fantasy', allows us to elude the question as to whether or not we believe that unconscious fantasies exist at all, since we are neither required to assert or deny such a prior existence in order to describe the process of elaboration which, in the end, does formulate a fantasy as fantasy.
Assuntos
Fantasia , Teoria Psicanalítica , Inconsciente Psicológico , Humanos , Terapia PsicanalíticaRESUMO
Current controversies involving clinical, conceptual and empirical research shed light on how psychoanalysis confronts its nature and its future. Some relevant debates in which Wallerstein, Green, Hoffman, Eagle and Wolitzky, Safran, Stern, Blass and Carmeli, and Panksepp have participated are examined regarding the characteristics of their argumentation. Agreements and disagreements are explored to find ways that could have allowed the discussion to progress. Two foci are highlighted in these debates: (a) whether a clinical common ground exists in psychoanalysis and what kind of procedure could contribute to further clarification; (b) complementation of in-clinical and extra-clinical evidence. Both aspects are scrutinized: the possibility of complementing diverse methodologies, and the nature of the shared clinical evidence examined in clinical discussion groups such as those promoted by the IPA Clinical Observation Committee. The importance of triangulation and consilience is brought to bear regarding their contribution to the robustness of psychoanalysis. So as to strengthen a critical perspective that enhances the discipline's argumentative field, psychoanalysis should take into account arguments from different sources according to their specific merits. By doing this, psychoanalysis increases its relevance within the current interdisciplinary dialogue.
Assuntos
Pesquisa Empírica , Comunicação Interdisciplinar , Teoria Psicanalítica , HumanosRESUMO
Este trabalho discute sobre as dificuldades e possibilidades de se desenvolver pesquisa em psicoterapia e psicanálise, demonstrando como a aplicação prática da metodologia qualitativa, através da análise de conteúdo, pode ser de grande utilidade científica na pesquisa conceitual, empírica e clínica, e, conseqüentemente, observa tendências, servindo de base para investigações futuras. Mencionam-se algumas tendências atuais de investigação qualitativa conceitual em psicanálise e comentam-se os trabalhos desenvolvidos na pós-graduação em psiquiatria da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul sobre contratransferência e processo analítico, recentemente publicados no International Journal of Psychoanalysis, como exemplos dessas possibilidades.(AU)
This work discusses the difficulties and possibilities of developing research in psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, showing how the practical application of the qualitative methodology by analyzing the content may be very useful from the scientific perspective, in conceptual, empirical and clinical research, and, consequently, observes tendencies and provides a base for further investigation. A few current trends of conceptual qualitative investigation in psychoanalysis are mentioned, and the studies developed in the graduate program of Psychiatry at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul on countertransference and the analytic process, recently published in the International Journal of Psychoanalysis are discussed as examples of these possibilities.(AU)
Los autores discuten sobre las dificultades y posibilidades de realizar una investigación en psicoterapia y psicoanálisis, demostrando como la aplicación práctica de la metodología cualitativa, a través del análisis del contenido puede ser de gran utilidad científica, en la investigación conceptual, empírica y clínica y, consecuentemente, observar tendencias, sirviendo de base para otras investigaciones futuras. Son mencionadas algunas tendencias actuales de investigación cualitativa conceptual en psicoanálisis y comentados los trabajos realizados en la pos-graduación en Psiquiatría de la Universidad Federal do Rio Grande do Sul sobre contra transferencia y proceso analítico, recientemente publicados en el Internacional Journal of Psychoanalysis, como ejemplos de esas posibilidades.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Psicanálise , Psicoterapia , ContratransferênciaRESUMO
Este trabalho discute sobre as dificuldades e possibilidades de se desenvolver pesquisa em psicoterapia e psicanálise, demonstrando como a aplicação prática da metodologia qualitativa, através da análise de conteúdo, pode ser de grande utilidade científica na pesquisa conceitual, empírica e clínica, e, conseqüentemente, observa tendências, servindo de base para investigações futuras. Mencionam-se algumas tendências atuais de investigação qualitativa conceitual em psicanálise e comentam-se os trabalhos desenvolvidos na pós-graduação em psiquiatria da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul sobre contratransferência e processo analítico, recentemente publicados no International Journal of Psychoanalysis, como exemplos dessas possibilidades.
This work discusses the difficulties and possibilities of developing research in psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, showing how the practical application of the qualitative methodology by analyzing the content may be very useful from the scientific perspective, in conceptual, empirical and clinical research, and, consequently, observes tendencies and provides a base for further investigation. A few current trends of conceptual qualitative investigation in psychoanalysis are mentioned, and the studies developed in the graduate program of Psychiatry at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul on countertransference and the analytic process, recently published in the International Journal of Psychoanalysis are discussed as examples of these possibilities.
Los autores discuten sobre las dificultades y posibilidades de realizar una investigación en psicoterapia y psicoanálisis, demostrando como la aplicación práctica de la metodología cualitativa, a través del análisis del contenido puede ser de gran utilidad científica, en la investigación conceptual, empírica y clínica y, consecuentemente, observar tendencias, sirviendo de base para otras investigaciones futuras. Son mencionadas algunas tendencias actuales de investigación cualitativa conceptual en psicoanálisis y comentados los trabajos realizados en la pos-graduación en Psiquiatría de la Universidad Federal do Rio Grande do Sul sobre contra transferencia y proceso analítico, recientemente publicados en el Internacional Journal of Psychoanalysis, como ejemplos de esas posibilidades.