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The availability of medications to induce abortion, especially in contexts of restricted access, has transformed practices and allowed women and/or their community organizations to assist other women in obtaining abortions, whether or not they interact with the healthcare system. This study recovers the experience of a feminist community organization that, from the province of Neuquén, extends throughout the country, creating a network of community care. An exploratory descriptive study with a qualitative approach was conducted to analyze the experiences of women who facilitate access to permitted abortion in Argentina. Through in-depth interviews with three leaders of the feminist collective La Revuelta and semi-structured interviews with 33 members of the socorrista groups, conducted between November 2019 and December 2020, we describe their history and processes of work and growth; we explore their motivations and feelings and characterize the interactions of these organizations with public and private health systems. The results of this work align with the international conversation and bibliographic production about these organizations and their particularities, and with the need to incorporate these forms of care into institutional health systems.

La disponibilidad de medicamentos para producir un aborto, sobre todo en contextos de acceso restringido, transformó las prácticas y permitió que las propias mujeres y/o sus organizaciones comunitarias ayuden a otras mujeres a abortar, interactuando o no con el sistema de salud. Este estudio recupera la experiencia de una organización feminista de la comunidad que, desde la provincia de Neuquén, se extiende a todo el país, generando una red de cuidados comunitarios. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo con el propósito de analizar las experiencias de las mujeres que facilitan el acceso al aborto permitido en Argentina. A través de entrevistas en profundidad a tres líderes de la colectiva feminista La Revuelta y de entrevistas semiestructuradas a 33 integrantes de las grupas socorristas, realizadas entre noviembre de 2019 y diciembre de 2020, describimos su historia y los procesos de trabajo y crecimiento; exploramos sus motivaciones y sentimientos y caracterizamos las interacciones de dichas organizaciones con los sistemas de salud público y privado. Los resultados de este trabajo coinciden con la conversación y la producción bibliográfica internacional acerca de estas organizaciones y sus particularidades y con la necesidad de incorporar estos cuidados a los sistemas de salud institucionales.

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Based on the need to implement strategies to reduce recovery gaps in mental health with the community as axes of recovery, the objective of the present study was to assess the impact on psychosocial disability and care continuity in individuals with suicidal behavior, of the clinical and community components of the Mental Health Gap Action Program (mhGAP), versus exclusive psychiatric care. For this, a controlled community trial carried out in 2023 was conducted, comprising intervention groups: Support Group (SG), mhGAP Group (mhGAPG) and a Control Group (CG). Self-report measurements were collected pretest and posttest, utilizing the Psychosocial Disability Scale and the Alberta Continuity of Care Scale. The study involved the participation of 94 individuals with a history of suicidal behavior, with 30 individuals in the SG, 34 in the mhGAP group, and 30 in the CG. Categorical variables were summarized using frequency distribution tables. Descriptive statistics were used to examine participants' characteristics at the study outcome and estimate treatment compliance. The Mann-Whitney U Test examined differences in sociodemographic variable frequencies. The Jarque-Bera test confirmed a normal distribution for psychological variables, warranting the use of parametric tests. Differences in mean values across groups, each with two measurements per individual, were assessed using a type II repeated measures ANOVA. There were significant differences based on the intervention, with the effect being greater in the SG across all domains. Significant improvement was observed in all domains of the disability and continuity of care scale within the intervention groups. Both groups showed improvement, with better results for the SG. In conclusion, a methodology is proposed for implementing support groups based on core components, which effectively enhances psychosocial disability and the continuity of mental health care, especially in suicidal behavior.

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AIMS: To develop and validate an instrument to identify the core components of community strategies for mental health, especially mutual aid groups: The Mutual Aid Scale . METHODS: 135 community strategies leaders participated in the study. The core components are active agency, coping strategies, recognition, and management of emotions, problem-solving strategies, supportive interaction, trust, self-identity construction, and strengthening of social networks. With these components a scale was designed. Content validity was carried out in addition to an exploratory factor analysis. RESULTS: Two dimensions resulted, strengthening of agency capacity and Coping strategies, and the internal consistency of both factors was acceptable, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.722 and 0.727, respectively. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) statistic was used with a score of 0.831 and the Barlett Sphericity Test, with a significant value of 265.175. CONCLUSION: This scale identifies the components of community interventions for mental health and can contribute to a better implementation of these strategies. It also articulates autonomous community processes with strategies developed in health services.

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RESUMEN La disponibilidad de medicamentos para producir un aborto, sobre todo en contextos de acceso restringido, transformó las prácticas y permitió que las propias mujeres y/o sus organizaciones comunitarias ayuden a otras mujeres a abortar, interactuando o no con el sistema de salud. Este estudio recupera la experiencia de una organización feminista de la comunidad que, desde la provincia de Neuquén, se extiende a todo el país, generando una red de cuidados comunitarios. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo con el propósito de analizar las experiencias de las mujeres que facilitan el acceso al aborto permitido en Argentina. A través de entrevistas en profundidad a tres líderes de la colectiva feminista La Revuelta y de entrevistas semiestructuradas a 33 integrantes de las grupas socorristas, realizadas entre noviembre de 2019 y diciembre de 2020, describimos su historia y los procesos de trabajo y crecimiento; exploramos sus motivaciones y sentimientos y caracterizamos las interacciones de dichas organizaciones con los sistemas de salud público y privado. Los resultados de este trabajo coinciden con la conversación y la producción bibliográfica internacional acerca de estas organizaciones y sus particularidades y con la necesidad de incorporar estos cuidados a los sistemas de salud institucionales.

ABSTRACT The availability of medications to induce abortion, especially in contexts of restricted access, has transformed practices and allowed women and/or their community organizations to assist other women in obtaining abortions, whether or not they interact with the healthcare system. This study recovers the experience of a feminist community organization that, from the province of Neuquén, extends throughout the country, creating a network of community care. An exploratory descriptive study with a qualitative approach was conducted to analyze the experiences of women who facilitate access to permitted abortion in Argentina. Through in-depth interviews with three leaders of the feminist collective La Revuelta and semi-structured interviews with 33 members of the socorrista groups, conducted between November 2019 and December 2020, we describe their history and processes of work and growth; we explore their motivations and feelings and characterize the interactions of these organizations with public and private health systems. The results of this work align with the international conversation and bibliographic production about these organizations and their particularities, and with the need to incorporate these forms of care into institutional health systems.

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AIMS: The study aims to identify and compare health indicators collected by national research in Spain and in Brazil that can generate action strategies for health promoting universities. METHODS: This is an epidemiological, descriptive, cross-sectional study that uses the database of the Secretariat of Health Surveillance of the Brazilian Ministry of Health and the database of the National Statistics Institute of Spain. Based on the National Health Promotion Policy, the analyzer axis prioritizes defined themes; percentage of physical exercise, daily smokers, sedentary lifestyle, obesity and self-perception of health status were evaluated. The data were collected from 2014 to 2020. RESULTS: In Brazil, physical exercise is the highest percentage indicator, whereas in Spain, sedentary lifestyle is the highest. Regarding the age group, Brazil presented the lowest prevalence of daily smokers in the age group from 18 to 24, with little increase in older age groups; in Spain, older age groups presented the highest rates of sedentary lifestyle and obesity. In 2020, 4.5% of Brazilians reported a negative self-perception of health and in Spain 6.6%. CONCLUSION: The indicators 'physical exercise', 'daily smokers' and 'sedentary lifestyle' presented better results in Brazil than in Spain. Brazil presents a better perspective on health when compared with Spain, as the results showed that older ages present higher rates of sedentary lifestyle and obesity. Our study results also show that Brazilians report better self-perception in health, which can be interpreted by health promotion strategies.

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Objetivo: develar las tensiones percibidas por los actores comunitarios en el poblamiento y conformación del territorio durante la práctica de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Antioquia en la vereda Granizal entre 2009 y 2018. Metodología: estudio hermenéutico que usó técnicas de la teoría fundamentada para recolección y análisis. Se realizaron once entrevistas en profundidad a líderes y dos grupos focales a madres comunitarias, docentes y líderes y se analizaron con técnicas de codificación abierta, axial y selectiva. Resultados: existe una tensión permanente entre un liderazgo de diferentes matices y la unidad comunitaria, que recibe diversas amenazas por el desalojo persistente de sus espacios vitales por actores fuera de la ley ligados al narcotráfico, al vacío de Estado y a los intereses internos por el poder. Dicha tensión busca ser superada mediante el esfuerzo colectivo para aprender a subsistir y a través de los vínculos que nacen de la confianza generada con la Universidad y la Facultad de Medicina con su práctica, que han apoyado la comprensión progresiva de la determinación social del proceso salud-enfermedad, lo que ha permitido lograr mayor bienestar. Conclusiones: en Granizal existen unas luchas comunitarias constantes por vencer las privaciones de los mínimos vitales de subsistencia, en las cuales, la autonomía y el desarrollo humano se debaten entre la esperanza y la desesperanza por mantener la firmeza en la construcción del tejido social y en la búsqueda de salidas que posibiliten la vida y el bienestar.

Objective: to reveal the tensions perceived by community actors in the settlement and conformation of the territory during the internship of the School of Medicine of Universidad de Antioquia in the rural settlement Granizal between 2009 and 2018. Methods: Hermeneutic study that used Grounded Theory techniques to collect and analyze data. Eleven in-depth interviews with leaders were conducted and two focus groups with community mothers, teachers and leaders were carried out which were analyzed with open, axial and selective coding techniques. Results: there is a permanent tension between leadership with different shades and the community unity which receives various threats due to the permanent eviction of their vital spaces by outlaw actors linked to drug trafficking, to the absence of the State and to internal interests for power. This tension seeks to be overcome through the collective effort to learn to survive and through the links that are born from the trust generated with the University and the internship of the Faculty of Medicine that has supported the progressive understanding of the social determination of the health-disease process which has allowed for greater wellbeing. Conclusions: There are constant community struggles in Granizal to overcome the deprivations of subsistence vital minimums, in which autonomy and human development are debated between hope and despair to maintain firmness in the construction of the social fabric and in the search for solutions that make life and wellbeing possible.

Objectivo: amostrar as tensões percebidas pelos atores comunitários no povoamento e conformação do território durante a prática da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Antioquia no vilarejo Granizal entre 2009 e 2018. Metodologia: estudo hermenêutico que usou técnicas da teoria fundamentada para coleta e análise. Realizaram-se onze entrevistas a fundo a líderes e dois grupos focais a mães comunitárias, docentes e líderes e se analisaram com técnicas de codificação aberta, axial e seletiva. Resultados: existe uma tensão permanente entre uma liderança de diferentes matizes e a unidade comunitária, que recebe diversas ameaças pelo despejar persistente de seus espaços vitais por atores fora da lei e conectados com o narcotráfico, a o vazio do Estado e aos interesses internos pelo poder. Esta tensão procura ser superada mediante o esforço coletivo para aprender a subsistir e a través dos vínculos que nascem da confiança gerada com a Universidade e a Faculdade de Medicina com sua prática, que tem apoiado a compreensão progressiva da determinação social do processo saúde-doença, o que tem permitido lograr maior bem-estar. Conclusões: em Granizal existem umas lutas comunitárias constantes por vencer as privações dos mínimos vitais de subsistência, nas quais, a autonomia e o desenvolvimento humano, se debatem entre a esperança e a desesperança por manter a firmeza na construção do tecido social e na busca de saídas que possibilitem a vida e o bem-estar.

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BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a stage of transition with multiple changes and transformations. It is a critical phase to potentiate or disrupt the life course of human beings. In Latin America, adolescents and young adults from countries like Colombia have unequal access to socioeconomic resources, education, and the job market. This may generate social disadvantages and vulnerability. AIM: We aimed to identify conditions of social vulnerability and psychosocial resilience in the life course of adolescents and young adults from a community art network in Bogota, Colombia. METHODS: We conducted a qualitative study with a multivocal design supported by the ethnic-social life history construction. The data were collected using narrative interviews. The interviews were transcribed, coded, categorized, and triangulated according to the principles of grounded theory as an analytical method. We adhered to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist. RESULTS: Eight adolescents and young adults between the ages of 12 and 24 years participated in the study. Five categories emerged: social vulnerability, social environment, artistic processes, psychosocial resilience, and life course. CONCLUSIONS: Social vulnerability and psychosocial resilience coexist during the life course of adolescents and young adults. Social support networks and community art processes have the potential to promote psychosocial resilience in adolescents and young adults.

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Resumen Introducción Desde la reforma curricular del año 2004, la práctica profesional comunitaria de Terapia Ocupacional de la Universidad del Valle ha tenido acciones presenciales en la ciudad de Cali, Colombia, específicamente en el territorio de la comuna 20 y el corregimiento de los Andes. Para inicios del año 2020, la aparición del virus COVID-19, generó una toma de decisiones como el aislamiento preventivo obligatorio. En consecuencia, el equipo de docentes y estudiantes de la práctica profesional comunitaria de terapia ocupacional, optaron por construir estrategias que permitieran continuar con la interacción de los grupos a través de la presencialidad asistida por la tecnología, haciendo uso de plataformas virtuales de manera sincrónica y asincrónica. Objetivo Documentar la experiencia en la práctica profesional comunitaria de terapia ocupacional de modo que se pudiese dar cuenta de las acciones que durante el periodo de confinamiento permitieron la construcción y/o mantenimiento de lo comunitario en los grupos de trabajo. Método Recopilación y análisis de los registros realizados por estudiantes anteriores al 2019 (situación de presencialidad), y los registros de estudiantes durante el año 2020 (situación de aislamiento). Resultados La aparición de la pandemia supuso cambios en el acercamiento a las líneas de acción de la práctica comunitaria (primera infancia, escolares y adultos) al pasar de la presencialidad a la virtualidad, lo que supuso la incorporación de estrategias que permitieran continuar con la interacción de los grupos, encuentros virtuales sincrónicos y asincrónicos y la creación de los programas "Todos(as) opinan: dialogando sobre la TO comunitaria" y el programa de escritura. Conclusión Durante el periodo de la pandemia, se identificaron dos retos correspondientes, primero, a la brecha en el acceso y uso de la tecnología y, segundo, a la construcción y/o sostenimiento de lo comunitario de acuerdo con los principios establecidos por el enfoque comunitario.

Resumo Introdução Desde a reforma curricular do ano 2004, a prática profissional comunitária de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidad del Valle tem tido ações presenciais na cidade de Cali, Colômbia, especificamente no território da comuna 20 e de Los Andes. No início de 2020, o aparecimento do vírus COVID-19 levou a decisões como o isolamento preventivo obrigatório. Como resultado, a equipa de professores e estudantes da área de terapia ocupacional em comunidades optou por construir estratégias que permitissem a interação contínua em grupo através de sessões presenciais assistidas por tecnologia, utilizando plataformas virtuais de forma síncrona e assíncrona. Objetivo Documentar a experiência na prática profissional de terapia ocupacional em comunidades a fim de prestar contas das ações que, durante o período de confinamento, permitiram a construção e/ou manutenção dos grupos de trabalho. Método Compilação e análise dos registos feitos pelos estudantes antes de 2019 (situação presencial) e dos registos dos estudantes durante 2020 (situação de isolamento). Resultados A emergência da pandemia significou mudanças na abordagem das linhas de ação da prática comunitária (primeira infância, crianças em idade escolar e adultos) ao passar do presencial para o virtual, o que significou a incorporação de estratégias que permitiram a continuação da interação de grupo, reuniões virtuais síncronas e assíncronas e a criação dos programas "Todos têm uma opinião: falar sobre TO na comunidade" e o programa de escrita. Conclusão Durante o período da pandemia foram identificados dois desafios: primeiro, à lacuna no acesso e utilização da tecnologia e, segundo, à construção e/ou sustentabilidade da comunidade, de acordo com os princípios estabelecidos pela abordagem comunitária.

Abstract Introduction Since the curricular reform of 2004, the occupational therapy community practice of Universidad del Valle has been conducting face-to-face activities in Cali, Colombia, specifically in the territory of commune 20 and the corregimiento of Los Andes. However, at the beginning of 2020, the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic led to the implementation of mandatory preventive social distancing measures. As a result, the team of teachers and students in the occupational therapy community practice decided to develop strategies that would allow them to maintain interaction with the groups through technology-assisted presence, utilizing virtual platforms both synchronously and asynchronously. Objective To document the experience in the occupational therapy community practice and report the actions taken during the period of confinement that facilitated the establishment and/or maintenance of the workgroups. Method Compilation and analysis of the records from students before 2019 (in-person interactions) and during 2020 (remote interactions). Results The onset of the pandemic brought about changes in the approach to the community practice areas of focus (early childhood, schoolchildren, and adults) as a transition from face-to-face to virtual interactions became necessary. This transition involved the implementation of strategies that would allow continuing the interaction of the groups, synchronous and asynchronous virtual meetings, as well as the creation of programs such as "Everyone has an opinion: dialoguing about OT in the community" and a writing program. Conclusion During the pandemic period, two challenges were identified. The first challenge was the disparity in the access to and utilization of technology, and the second challenge was the establishment and/or sustainability of the community by the principles outlined in the community approach.

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ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a clinical entity whose adequate treatment will depend on its prompt recognition, accurate diagnosis, and management in reperfusion networks. The first contact with these patients is generally done in centers without reperfusion capacity, attended by non-cardiologist doctors, and in centers far from hospitals with greater resolution capacity, something that is well known in our country. This manuscript proposes a strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of STEMI in centers without percutaneous coronary intervention capacity of the public health system in Peru, emphasizing not losing sight of electrocardiographic patterns compatible with coronary artery occlusion, adequate fibrinolysis and management of its complications, the treatment of infarction in special populations and highlighting the importance of the pharmacoinvasive strategy as the main form of reperfusion treatment in our country.

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Resumo Este artigo objetiva problematizar a ausência majoritária de homens negros nos Centro de Referência da Assistência Social (CRAS). Analisamos um discurso acerca dos usuários do serviço, proveniente de entrevistas realizadas para uma pesquisa mais ampla produzida com trabalhadoras/es do serviço em uma cidade do sul do país. O olhar aqui se pautou na análise do discurso de Laclau e Mouffe (2015), localizando articulações discursivas que inscrevem identidades sociais e produzem a relação sensível do sujeito com o mundo, disputando espaço no campo conflitivo do social. Como resultados da pesquisa, percebemos o racismo como produtor de uma fronteira sensível na relação da equipe com homens da comunidade, de forma que estes corpos são assumidos como perigosos e ameaçadores, afastando-os da leitura que os assume como sujeitos em vulnerabilidade social e como corpo ao qual a política pública de assistência social se destina.

Resumen Este artículo tiene como objetivo problematizar la ausencia mayoritaria de hombres negros en Centro de Referencia de Asistencia Social - CRAS. Analizamos un discurso sobre los usuarios del servicio, a partir de entrevistas realizadas para una investigación más amplia realizada a trabajadores del servicio en una ciudad del sur del país. La mirada se basó en el análisis del discurso de Laclau y Mouffe, ubicando articulaciones discursivas que inscriben identidades sociales y producen la relación sensible del sujeto con el mundo, disputando espacios en el campo conflictivo de lo social. Como resultado, percibimos el racismo como una frontera sensible en la relación del equipo con los hombres de la comunidad, en la que se asume que estos cuerpos son peligrosos y amenazantes, alejándolos de la lectura que los asume como sujetos en vulnerabilidad social y como el cuerpo a que se dirige la política pública de asistencia social.

Abstract This article aims to problematize the majority absence of Black men in the Centro de Referência da Assistência Social - CRAS [Reference Center for Social Assistance]. We analyze a discourse about service users from interviews conducted for a broader research produced with service workers in a city in the south of Brazil. The perspective was based on Laclau and Mouffe's discourse analysis, locating discursive articulations that inscribe social identities and produce the subject's sensitive relationship with the world, disputing space in the conflictive social field. As a result, we perceive racism as a producer of a sensitive frontier in the team's relationship with men in the community, in a way that these bodies are assumed to be dangerous and threatening, moving them away from the reading that assumes them as subjects in social vulnerability and as a person for whom the public policy of social assistance is intended.

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Objetivo: Caracterizar el papel de comedores y merenderos barriales de Mendoza (Argentina) en la alimentación de infancias vulnerables durante la pandemia y comparar iniciativas gestionadas por movimientos sociales, por agrupaciones vecinales y en espacios gubernamentales. Metodología: Estudio exploratorio cualitativo con base en una muestra intencional de informantes de barrios de Gran Mendoza y Gran San Rafael con inseguridad alimentaria. Se realizaron 16 entrevistas semiestructuradas a referentes sociales, a docentes y a personal de salud entre abril y agosto de 2021. Para analizar la información se utilizó el método de comparación constante. Resultados: Comedores y merenderos difieren en la previsibilidad de recursos para proveer alimentos según sus vinculaciones con las políticas de asistencia alimentaria directa implementadas antes y durante la pandemia. Todos los espacios están a cargo de mujeres, utilizan estrategias similares para adquirir mercaderías y ofrecen preparaciones semejantes contemplando disponibilidad de insumos y preferencias de los comensales. Conclusión: Las iniciativas comunitarias contribuyeron a sostener la alimentación de niños y adolescentes de familias ligadas a la economía informal que recurrieron a ellas en razón de la merma de ingresos por efecto del aislamiento. No se identifican diferencias relevantes en los menús ofrecidos entre comedores y merenderos gestionados por movimientos sociales y en los de tipo autogestivo, vecinal. Las experiencias organizativas de comensalidad barrial, el apoyo de vecinos y relaciones de confianza previamente construidas con donantes externos fueron clave para sostener la entrega de raciones y el cuidado de personas aisladas.

The aims of the study are to characterize the role of various types of community dining centers located in the Argentinian province of Mendoza in feeding vulnerable children during the pandemic and to compare initiatives coming from social movements that facilitate the state's food assistance to the ones managed by self-directed neighborhood associations and those of governmental spaces. The methodology is qualitative and exploratory. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 informants from neighborhoods located in Gran Mendoza and Gran San Rafael with food insecurity between April and August 2021. A constant comparative method was used to analyze the information. Results: There were differences in the predictability of resources to provide food between community dining centers which related to their connections with direct food assistance policies implemented before and during the pandemic. Shared characteristics included women being in charge and the deployment of combined strategies of obtaining resources to deal with higher food demand. The food offered was similar and subject to the availability of supplies and diners' preferences. Conclusion: Community initiatives contributed to sustaining the nutrition of children and teenagers from families working in the informal economy that utilized them due to isolation-related salary cuts. No relevant differences were found between menus offered in dining centers managed by social movements and the self-managed, neighborhood-based ones. The management experiences of neighborhood associations, the support of neighbors, and previously built relationships of trust with donors and external organizations were key to upholding the delivery of rations and care of isolated people.

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Objetivo: Relatar a experiência das ações de cuidado on-line realizadas pelo Grupo de Trabalho Promoção e Prevenção à Saúde da Universidade de Brasília (UnB) no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Síntese dos Dados: Trata-se de um relato de experiência das ações de promoção e prevenção da saúde mental para a comunidade acadêmica da UnB, no período de março a julho de 2020. Adotou-se a metodologia da sistematização de experiência utilizando registros das observações em diários de campo das ações de cuidado on-line: terapia comunitária, técnica de relaxamento, bate-papo literário e cartas solidárias. Assim, com base na empatia, solidariedade, cuidado e interatividade, as ações desenvolvidas envolveram vários atores sociais com experiências diversas, visando à cooperação em busca de soluções possíveis para promoção da saúde da comunidade acadêmica, em tempos de pandemia. Conclusão: A descoberta de espaços virtuais como potencialidades terapêuticas revelou ser um caminho possível para o fortalecimento das redes de cuidado, conexões e laços afetivos entre a comunidade acadêmica num momento de restrição social devido à COVID-19, apesar das inúmeras limitações impostas pelo uso da tecnologia.

Objective: To report the experience of online care actions carried out by the Health Promotion and Prevention Working Group of the University of Brasília (Universidade de Brasília ­ UnB) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data Synthesis: This is an experience report on mental health promotion and disease prevention actions developed for the academic community of UnB from March to July 2020. The methodology of systematization of experience was adopted using records of observations of online care actions in field journals: community therapy, relaxation technique, literary chat and solidarity letters. Thus, based on empathy, solidarity, care and interactivity, the actions developed involved several social actors with different experiences aiming at cooperation in search for possible solutions to promote the health of the academic community in times of pandemic. Conclusion: The discovery of virtual spaces as therapeutic potentialities proved to be a possible way to strengthen care networks, connections and affective bonds among the academic community at a time of social restriction due to COVID-19, despite the numerous limitations imposed by the use of the technology

Objetivo: Informar la experiencia de las acciones de cuidado en línea realizadas por el Grupo de Trabajo, Promoción y prevención a la Salud de la Universidad de Brasilia (UnB) en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. Síntesis de los Datos: Se trata de un informe de experiencia de las acciones de promoción de la salud mental para la comunidad académica de la UnB, en el período de marzo a julio de 2020. Se adoptó la metodología de sistematización de experiencia utilizando registros de las observaciones en diarios de campo de las acciones de cuidado en línea: terapia comunitaria, técnica de relajamiento, charla literaria y cartas solidarias. Así, con base en la empatía, solidaridad, cuidado e interactividad, las acciones desarrolladas envolvieron varios actores sociales con diversas experiencias, buscando la cooperación para encontrar posibles soluciones para promoción de la salud de la comunidad académica, en tiempos de pandemia. Conclusión: El descubrimiento de espacios virtuales como potencialidades terapéuticas reveló ser un camino posible para el fortalecimiento de las redes de cuidado, conexiones y lazos afectivos entre la comunidad académica en un momento de restricción social debido a COVID-19, a pesar de las innúmeras limitaciones impuestas por el uso de la tecnología.

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Description This paper aims to explore current disposition options for patients with psychosis in light of shifts toward community care and changes in mental healthcare funding in the post-asylum era and to propose systemic-level improvements based upon local successes. It evaluates critiques of long-term psychiatric care programs, claims of transinstitutionalization to incarceration, shelters, and emergency rooms, and programs initiated to address deinstitutionalization. The authors conclude that while Assertive Community Treatment, Partial Hospitalization Programs, intermediate-level care, and housing interventions can improve outcomes for many persons with psychotic illness, a significant portion of these patients would still be best served in long-term psychiatric care facilities.

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BACKGROUND: Higher-than-expected heart failure (HF) readmissions affect half of US hospitals every year. The Hospital Reduction Readmission Program has reduced risk-adjusted readmissions, but it has also produced unintended consequences. Shared care models have been advocated for HF care, but the association of shared care networks with HF readmissions has never been investigated. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the association of shared care networks with 30-day HF excessive readmission rates using a longitudinal observational study. METHODS: We curated publicly available data on hospital discharges and HF excessive readmission ratios from hospitals in California between 2012 and 2017. Shared care areas were delineated as data-driven units of care coordination emerging from discharge networks. The localization index, the proportion of patients who reside in the same shared care area in which they are admitted, was calculated by year. Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the association between the localization index and the excessive readmission ratio of hospitals controlling for race/ethnicity and socioeconomic factors. RESULTS: A total of 300 hospitals in California in a 6-year period were included. The HF excessive readmission ratio was negatively associated with the adjusted localization index (ß=-.0474, 95% CI -0.082 to -0.013). The percentage of Black residents within the shared care areas was the only statistically significant covariate (ß=.4128, 95% CI 0.302 to 0.524). CONCLUSIONS: Higher-than-expected HF readmissions were associated with shared care networks. Control mechanisms such as the Hospital Reduction Readmission Program may need to characterize and reward shared care to guide hospitals toward a more organized HF care system.

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Resumen Objetivo: Describir las prácticas de alimentación de niños lactantes y de niños pequeños atendidos en instituciones de tres municipios del Caribe colombiano, incluidos en el proceso de implementación de la estrategia "Instituciones amigas de la mujer y la infancia integral" de la Unicef. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo enmarcado en la etnografía, llevado a cabo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, cartografía social y grupos focales, dirigido a madres beneficiarias de instituciones de salud priorizadas. Resultados: Las madres reconocieron los beneficios nutricionales de la lactancia materna, y en dos de los territorios, los beneficios emocionales. Además, presentan apropiación en lo relacionado con la alimentación perceptiva. No obstante, no cumplen con el periodo de exclusividad de la lactancia, refieren algunas creencias populares acerca de la misma y se observa un inicio temprano de la alimentación complementaria. También reconocieron la importancia de las redes de apoyo familiar y social, como, por ejemplo, del Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar. Conclusión: Esta investigación permitió reconocer factores que favorecen y limitan las adecuadas prácticas de alimentación del lactante y del niño pequeño, en madres gestantes y lactantes y su red de apoyo, las cuales viven en condiciones de vulnerabilidad social y económica, y son atendidas en tres instituciones de salud del Caribe colombiano que se encuentran en proceso de implementación de la estrategia enunciada. Lo anterior brinda elementos para la formulación de procesos educativos en salud para la población materno infantil, tanto en la población objetivo como en instituciones que se encuentren en proceso de implementación de dicha estrategia, y de requerimientos políticos acerca de la salud materno infantil.

Abstract Objective: Describe the infant and young child feeding practices of children cared for in institutions of the Colombian Caribbean, includes in implementing the baby friendly hospital strategy. Methodology: Qualitative study framed in ethnography through semi-structured interviews, aimed at beneficiary mothers of prioritized health institutions. Results: The mothers recognized the nutrtitionals benefits of breastfeeding, in two territories also the emotional benefits. They also show appropriation in relation to perceptual feeding. However, they do not comply with the exclusive period of breastfeeding, they refer to some beliefs around it, an early start of complementary feeding is observed. In turn, the mothers recognized the importance of family and social support networks, such as the Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar. Conclusion: This research made it possible to recognize factors that favor and limit the adequate feeding practices of infants and young children, in pregnant and lactating mothers and their support network, who live in conditions of social and economic vulnerability and are cared for in three health institutions of the Colombian Caribbean that are in the process of implementing the baby-friendly hospitals initiative. The foregoing provides elements for the formulation of educational processes in health in the maternal and child population, both in the target population and in institutions that are in the process of implementing the baby-friendly hospitals initiative and policies to maternal and child health.

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever as práticas alimentares de lactentes e crianças atendidas em instituições de três municípios do Caribe colombiano, incluídas no processo de implementação da estratégia do Unicef "Instituições Amigas da Mulher e Infância Integral". Metodologia: Estudo qualitativo enquadrado na etnografia, realizado por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, cartografia social e grupos focais, dirigido a mães beneficiárias de instituições de saúde priorizadas. Resultados: As mães reconheceram os benefícios nutricionais da amamentação e, em dois dos territórios, os benefícios emocionais. Além disso, apresentam apropriação em relação à alimentação perceptiva. Porém, não cumprem o período exclusivo de aleitamento materno, referem-se a algumas crenças populares a respeito, e observa-se o início precoce da alimentação complementar. Também reconheceram a importância das redes de apoio familiar e social, como o Instituto Colombiano de Bem-Estar Familiar. Conclusão: Esta pesquisa permitiu reconhecer fatores que favorecem e limitam as práticas alimentares adequadas de lactentes e crianças pequenas, em gestantes e lactantes e sua rede de apoio, que vivem em condições de vulnerabilidade social e econômica, sendo atendidas em três. Instituições de saúde do Caribe colombiano que estão em processo de implementação da estratégia declarada. O exposto fornece elementos para a formulação de processos educativos em saúde para a população materno-infantil, tanto na população-alvo como nas instituições que estão em processo de implementação dessa estratégia, e de requisitos políticos relativos à saúde materno-infantil.

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A Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) constitui a porta preferencial de acesso ao Sistema de Saúde, devendo atender com resolutividade a maior parcela dos problemas de saúde, incluindo os transtornos mentais comuns (TMC). A Terapia Comunitária Integrativa (TCI) é uma ferramenta desenvolvida como um recurso para pessoas com sofrimentos de qualquer natureza, especialmente psicossociais, sendo reconhecida como tal e promovida no Sistema Único de Saúde para aplicação em cenários diversos, desde a APS até serviços de especialidades focais. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática da literatura foi buscar evidências que permitam avaliar a efetividade da TCI como forma de abordagem para pessoas com TMC na APS. A busca realizada para estudos publicados nos últimos 10 anos com o termo "Terapia Comunitária" na Bireme e "Community Therapy" no PubMed identificou, juntamente com outras fontes, 169 registros não duplicados. Após análise inicial dos títulos e resumos desses registros de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram analisados os textos completos de 14 estudos, nenhum dos quais avaliava a efetividade da TCI de forma longitudinal, comparando os resultados desta com quaisquer outras modalidades de intervenção. Assim, não há evidências na literatura atual que apontem para a efetividade da TCI na abordagem dos TMC na APS. Sugere-se a necessidade do desenvolvimento de pesquisas com metodologia adequada para responder a essa questão e prover maior suporte teórico para a base empírica da TCI.

Primary Care (PC) services should be the first contact for resolutive care in the health system, including for people suffering of Common Mental Disorders (CMD). Community Integrative Therapy (CIT) is a tool developed as a resource for people with any kind of suffering, particularly psychosocial suffering, and provided by the Brazilian Health System (SUS) in different settings, as PC and secondary care services. This systematic review aimed to search evidences demonstrating CTI's effectivity in providing care for people with CMD in PC. The search was conducted for studies published in the last 10 years using the terms "Terapia Comunitária" ("Community Therapy") in Bireme and "Community Therapy" in PubMed. Considering these databases and other sources, there were 169 non-duplicated registries. After the previous analyses of titles and abstracts for inclusion and exclusion criteria, we found 14 studies that were taken to full text analysis. But neither of them was conducted to verify CTI's effectivity with a longitudinal design and comparing it with other forms of intervention. So, there are no current evidences to confirm or deny CTI's effectivity in providing care for people with CMD in PC. We suggest the need of new research projects to study that this question with adequate methodology in order to give a stronger theoretical support for CTI's empirical fundaments.

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RESUMEN Objetivo Presentar un proceso de aproximación y movilización de la comunidad para la creación de una red barrial de cuidadores en Medellín, Colombia. Métodos La sistematización de la promoción de la red barrial de cuidadores se realizó siguiendo las fases de acompañamiento según la clínica comunitaria: aproximación a la comunidad, generación de formas terapéuticas clínico-comunitarias y comprensión del proceso desde esta perspectiva. Se empleó la rehabilitación basada en la comunidad como método de trabajo. Resultados La necesidad de formación para el cuidado y la organización familiar son los mayores retos de los cuidadores de la comunidad. Los participantes tienen presente la importancia de crear redes de apoyo y han adquirido conocimientos prácticos que les son útiles en la cotidianidad y que sientan las bases para la futura construcción de red. Conclusiones La experiencia de construcción de una red barrial genera reflexiones e interrogantes alrededor de las metodologías utilizadas y de las necesidades comunitarias reales alrededor del cuidado. A pesar de las dificultades en relación con la acción colectiva, la cohesión grupal y la asistencia a los encuentros, el acompañamiento que se realizó ha dejado reflexiones para los cuidadores y conocimientos prácticos en torno al cuidado.

ABSTRACT Objective To present the process of contact and mobilization of a community, seeking to facilitate the development of a caregiving network in Medellín, Colombia. Method The systematization process of the caregiving network's promotion was conducted according to the phases of clinical community involvement: contact with the community, clinical-community therapeutic modalities and analysis of the process. The method emplo-yed was community-based rehabilitation. Results Training needs and family organization towards caregiving are the caregivers' major challenges are. The participants are aware of the relevance of creating support networks and have acquired practical knowledge useful to fulfill their daily needs, which are the foundations for future network development. Conclusions The experience of promoting the development of a community network brings insights and concerns regarding the methods used and the actual caregiving needs of the community. Despite the difficulties encountered with collective actions, group cohesion and assistance to community gatherings, caregivers were able to reflect upon and learn about caregiving networks.

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Este artigo tem por objetivo investigar as práticas extramuros realizadas pelos profissionais que atuam nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e outras Drogas (CAPSad) do Distrito Federal (DF). Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa de caráter exploratório e descritivo. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e questionário sociodemográfico e ocupacional com 48 profissionais que atuam nos sete CAPSad do DF. Adotou-se a análise de conteúdo de Bardin e de forma complementar o software NVivo. Constatou-se que os profissionais realizaram práticas extramuros inovadoras e exitosas, como: "Loja de rua", "Jardim comunitário", "Clube de corrida", atividades esportivas, de geração de renda, participações políticas, de arte, lazer e cultura. No entanto, ainda são escassas as ações de cuidado extramuros de forma sistemática, sendo a maioria temporária. É imprescindível que trabalhadores sejam capacitados e tenham condições para atuar extramuros. (AU)

This article investigates the extramural practices developed by health professionals working in Alcohol and Drugs Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPSad) in the Federal District, Brazil. We conducted a qualitative exploratory descriptive study with data collected using semi-structured interviews and sociodemographic and occupational questionnaires administered to 48 professionals working in seven CAPSad located in the Federal District. We adopted the content analysis method proposed by Bardin and NVivo. The findings show that the professionals developed innovative and successful extramural practices, including: "street shops", "community gardens", "running clubs", sports, income generating activities, and political participation through art, leisure and culture. However, systematic extramural care actions remain scarce and tend to be temporary. It is vital that health worker are trained and have the conditions necessary to develop extramural activities. (AU)

El objetivo de este artículo es investigar las prácticas extramuros realizadas por los profesionales que actúan en los Centros de Atención Psicosocial alcohol y otras drogas (CAPSad) del Distrito Federal (DF). Se trata de una investigación de abordaje cualitativo de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo. La colecta de datos se realizó por medio de entrevista semiestructurada y cuestionario sociodemográfico y ocupacional con 48 profesionales que actúan en los siete CAPSad del DF. Se adoptó el análisis de contenido de Bardin y de forma complementaria el software NVivo. Se constató que los profesionales realizaron prácticas extramuros innovadoras y exitosas, como: "Tienda de calle", "Jardín comunitario", "Club de carreras", actividades deportivas, de generación de renta, participaciones políticas de arte, ocio y cultura. Sin embargo, todavía son escasas las acciones de cuidado extramuros de forma sistemática, siendo la mayoría temporales. Es imprescindible que los trabajadores sean capacitados y tengan condiciones para actuar extramuros. (AU)

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Resumo: O trabalho teve como objetivo descrever as inter-relações de pessoas que realizam o cuidado em saúde com plantas medicinais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória, descritiva e etnobotânica que utilizou a Teoria Sistêmica como referencial teórico. Foram entrevistadas seis pessoas referência no cuidado em saúde com plantas medicinais no primeiro semestre de 2018. Os dados foram organizados pelo programa WebQDA qualitative data analysis e foi realizada a análise de conteúdo de Bardin. São apresentados resultados relacionados a origem do saber sobre o cuidado com plantas medicinais e também acerca da inter-relação social como forma de transmissão de conhecimento. O saber é adquirido na família, por cursos ou, é entendido como um dom. Os informantes transmitem seus saberes em diferentes contextos sociais conforme a disposição de suas inter-relações. Conclui-se que diferentes inter-relações individual, social e ambiental originam diferentes formas de cuidado em saúde com plantas medicinais e seus saberes associados.

Resumen: Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo describir las interrelaciones de personas que realizan el cuidado en salud con plantas medicinales. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, exploratoria, descriptiva y etnobotánica que utilizó la Teoría Sistémica como referencial teórico. Fueron entrevistadas seis personas referencia en el cuidado en salud con plantas medicinales en el primer semestre de 2018. Las informaciones fueron organizadas por el programa WebQDA qualitative data analysis y fue realizado el análisis de contenido de Bardin. Son presentados resultados relacionados al origen del conocimiento sobre el cuidado con plantas medicinales y también acerca de la interrelación social como forma de transmisión de conocimiento. El conocimiento es adquirido en la familia, por cursos o es entendido como un don. Los informantes transmiten sus conocimientos en diferentes contextos sociales conforme la disposición de sus interrelaciones. Se concluye que diferentes interrelaciones individual, social y ambiental originan diferentes formas de cuidado en salud con plantas medicinales y sus conocimientos asociados.

Abstract: This study aims at describing the interrelations of people who carry out the health care with medicinal plants. It is a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and ethnobotany research which used the Systemic Theory as theoretical reference. Six people were interviewed as reference in the health care with medicinal plants in the first semester of 2018. The data were organized through the WebQDA qualitative data analysis program and it was carried out the Bardin content analysis. Results related to the origin of knowledge about care with medicinal plants are presented and also about the social interrelation as a form of transmission of knowledge. Knowledge is acquired in the family, through courses or, it is understood as a gift. The informers transmit their knowledge in different social contexts according to the disposition of their interrelations. It is concluded that different individual, social and environmental interrelations originate different forms of health care with medicinal plants and their knowledge associated.