RESUMO

RESUMEN El fortalecimiento comunitario a partir de estrategias participativas es un proceso que organiza, promueve y genera transformaciones para el mejoramiento de la gestión del recurso hídrico en zonas rurales. Objetivo: Evidenciar las estrategias de fortalecimiento comunitario bajo los principios de Apropiación Social del Conocimiento, con el fin de mejorar la gestión del recurso hídrico en una zona rural específica del departamento del Cauca. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un estudio exploratorio de investigación cualitativa a través de la implementación de estrategias de fortalecimiento comunitario rural para la gestión del recurso hídrico, orientada bajo los cinco principios de la Política Nacional de Apropiación Social del Conocimiento. Resultados: El reconocimiento de contextos mediante el trabajo con grupos focales y cartografía social, evidenció problemáticas ambientales y sociales, resaltando el conflicto intercultural entre poblaciones indígenas y campesinas. Las herramientas de participación utilizadas permitieron la creación conjunta de una agenda de acción para la transformación a nivel de microcuenca, sistema de acueducto, escuelas y hogares. Conclusión: La participación comunitaria es un componente esencial que permitió una priorización efectiva de los desafíos asociados al recurso hídrico. Además, facilitó la planificación de acciones transformadoras y la implementación de soluciones sostenibles mediante la construcción colectiva del conocimiento. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de integrar la participación comunitaria y los principios de Apropiación Social del Conocimiento para abordar de manera integral y efectiva los retos en la gestión del agua en entornos rurales.

ABSTRACT Community strengthening based on participatory strategies is a process that organizes, promotes, and generates transformations to improve water resource management in rural areas. Objective: Show the community strengthening strategies based on the principles of social appropriation of knowledge for the improvement of water resource management in a specific rural area of the department of Cauca. Methodology: An exploratory qualitative research study was carried out by implementing rural community strengthening strategies for water resource management, oriented under the five principles of the National Policy for Social Appropriation of Knowledge. Results: The survey of contexts through work with focus groups and social mapping evidenced environmental and social problems, highlighting the intercultural conflict between indigenous and peasant populations. The participation strategies used allowed the co-creation of an action agenda for transformation at the watershed, aqueduct system, school, and household levels. Conclusion: Community participation is an essential component that allows effective prioritization of the challenges associated with water resources. In addition, it facilitated the planning of transformative actions and the implementation of sustainable solutions through the collective construction of knowledge. These findings highlight the importance of integrating community participation and the principles of Social Appropriation of Knowledge to comprehensively and effectively address water management challenges in rural territories.

RESUMO O fortalecimento da comunidade com base em estratégias participativas é um processo que organiza, promove e gera transformações para a melhoria da gestão de recursos hídricos em áreas rurais. Objetivo: Demonstrar estratégias de fortalecimento comunitário sob os princípios da Apropriação Social do Conhecimento, a fim de melhorar a gestão dos recursos hídricos em uma área rural específica do departamento de Cauca. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo exploratório de pesquisa qualitativa por meio da implementação de estratégias de fortalecimento comunitário rural para a gestão de recursos hídricos, orientadas pelos cinco princípios da Política Nacional de Apropriação Social do Conhecimento. Resultados: O reconhecimento de contextos por meio do trabalho com grupos focais e mapeamento social revelou problemas ambientais e sociais, destacando o conflito intercultural entre populações indígenas e camponesas. As ferramentas participativas utilizadas permitiram a criação conjunta de uma agenda de ação para transformação em nível de microbacia hidrográfica, sistema de aqueduto, escola e familia. Conclusão: a participação da comunidade é um componente essencial que permitiu a priorização efetiva dos desafios associados aos recursos hídricos. Ela também facilitou o planejamento de ações transformadoras e a implementação de soluções sustentáveis por meio da construção de conhecimento coletivo. Essas descobertas destacam a importância de integrar a participação da comunidade e os princípios da Apropriação Social do Conhecimento para abordar de forma abrangente e eficaz os desafios da gestão da água em ambientes rurais.

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In seeking the attainment of Universal Health Coverage (UHC), there has been a renewed emphasis on the role of communities. This article focuses on social innovation and whether this concept holds promise to enhance equity in health services to achieve UHC and serve as a process to enhance community engagement, participation, and agency. METHODS: A cross-country case study methodology was adopted to analyze three social innovations in health in three low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): Philippines, Malawi, and Colombia. Qualitative methods were used in data collection, and a cross-case analysis was conducted with the aid of a simplified version of the conceptual framework on social innovation as proposed by Cajaiba-Santana. This framework proposes four dimensions of social innovation as a process at different levels of action: the actors responsible for the idea, the new idea, the role of the institutional environment, and the resultant changes in the health and social system. RESULTS: The study found that each of the three social innovation case studies was based on developing community capacities to achieve health through community co-learning, leadership, and accountability. The process was dependent on catalytic agents, creating a space for innovation within the institutional context. In so doing, these agents challenged the prevailing power dynamics by providing the communities with respect and the opportunity to participate equally in creating and implementing programs. In this way, communities were empowered; they were not simply participants but became active agents in conceptualizing, implementing, monitoring, and sustaining the social innovation initiatives. CONCLUSION: The study has illustrated how three creative social innovation approaches improved access and quality of health services for vulnerable rural populations and increased agency among the intervention communities. The processes facilitated empowerment, which in turn supported the sustained strengthening of the community system and the achievement of community goals in the domain of health and beyond.

Assuntos

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Improved access to health care and quality of services require integrated efforts and innovations, including community empowerment and participation in transformation processes. Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease that is generally controlled by insecticide spraying. To achieve community empowerment in a health program, actions for social innovations may include: community-based research, interdisciplinary and intersectoral participation, community perception of direct benefits and participation in health or environmental improvements. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze the processes by which an interdisciplinary team, in collaboration with communities of Comapa, Guatemala, developed an effective solution to address the risk for Chagas disease. METHODS: A qualitative study involving interviews semi-structured and direct observation was conducted using a case study approach to describe and understand the community-based research and intervention process developed by researchers from the Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Parasitology of the Universidad de San Carlos of Guatemala (Laboratorio de Entomologia y Parasitologia Aplicada). Nine interviews were conducted with the investigators, innovators, members of the community in which the intervention had been implemented. NVivo software (version 12) was used for the emergent coding and analysis of the interviews. RESULTS: Processes of social transformation were evident within households, and the communities that transcended the mere improvement of walls and floors. New social dynamics that favored the household economy and conditions of hygiene and home care that positively impacted the health of the community. We describe how the integration of criteria of social innovation into a home improvement strategy for Chagas disease control, can generate processes of transformation in health by considering sociocultural conditions, encouraging dialogue between public health approaches and traditional practices. We identify and discuss processes for Social Innovations in Health and identify their potential in improving community health in Latin America. CONCLUSIONS: When social innovation criteria are included in a health control initiative, the community-based research and the interdisciplinary and intersectoral participation facilitate the implementation of the control strategy, the perceived benefits by the community and its empowerment to sustain and share the strategy. The case study provided understanding of the intersectoral and interdisciplinary dynamics in particular contexts, and documented the relevance of innovation criteria in health processes.

Assuntos

RESUMO

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review describes social determinants of HIV in two geographic and epidemic settings, the Dominican Republic (DR) and Tanzania, among female sex workers (FSW), their influence on HIV outcomes including 90-90-90 goals, and the development and impact of tailored, context driven, community empowerment-based responses in each setting. RECENT FINDINGS: Our review documents the significance of social determinants of HIV including sex work-related stigma, discrimination, and violence and the impact of community empowerment-based approaches on HIV incidence in Tanzania and other HIV prevention, treatment, and care outcomes, including care engagement and adherence, in the DR and Tanzania. Community empowerment approaches where FSW drive the response to HIV and strategically engage partners to target socio-structural and environmental factors can have a demonstrable impact on HIV prevention, treatment, and care outcomes. Such approaches can also support further gains towards reaching the 90-90-90 across geographies and types of epidemics.

Assuntos

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Dengue is increasing in its global presence with an estimated 4 billion people at-risk of infection in at least 128 countries. Despite the promising results of EcoHealth and community mobilization approaches to Aedes reduction, more evidence of their efficacy on reducing dengue risk is needed. The principal research question is to determine if interventions based upon community mobilization reduce the risk of dengue virus infection among children 3 to 9 years old compared to usual dengue control practice in Fortaleza, Brazil. METHODS: The present study will follow a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) design with randomization at the census tract level with equal allocation to the two arms. In each arm, there will be 34 clusters of 86 children between 3 to 9 years old for an expected total of 5848 children enrolled in the study, assuming a risk reduction of 29.5% based upon findings from a previous multi-site cRCT. The primary outcomes are rates of anti-dengue Immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroconversion and adult female Aedes density. The intervention is based upon a participatory health research approach, Socializing Evidence for Participatory Action (SEPA), where the research evidence is used to foster community engagement and ownership of the health issue and solution. Following allocation, intervention communities will develop and implement their own solutions that will likely include a wide variety of collective events and media approaches. Data collection activities over a period of 3 years include household visits for blood collection, household surveys, and entomological surveys; and qualitative activities including focus groups, in-depth interviews, and document analysis to evaluate the process, acceptability, fidelity, and sustainability of the intervention. Study participants will be aware of their assignment and all research staff will be blinded although the intervention assignment will likely be revealed to field staff through interaction with participants. DISCUSSION: The results of our study will provide evidence on community mobilization as an intervention for dengue control. We anticipate that if community mobilization is effective in Fortaleza, the results of this study will help develop evidence-based vector control programs in Brazil, and also in other countries struggling with Aedes-transmitted diseases. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN66131315, registration date: 1 October 2018.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Este artigo aborda uma questão relacionada à capacidade do programa de educação integral do MEC vir a contribuir para a autonomia dos estudantes moradores de comunidades pobres. Referenciais teóricos relacionados aos conceitos de autonomia, autogestão, empoderamento comunitário e empreendimento solidário contribuem para a reflexão e sistematização de uma experiência desenvolvida em uma escola municipal de Belo Horizonte, de simulação, planejamento e implementação de um empreendimento solidário, com os estudantes, visando às demandas da comunidade e de forma articulada com ela. Essa reflexão se baseou em pesquisa documental, bibliográfica e empírica e resultou na proposição de uma metodologia a ser aplicada no tempo e espaço da educação integral, por meio de oficinas e atividades de inserção na comunidade, na forma de um arranjo formativo para a educação integral em empreendedorismo solidário, visando à articulação dos recursos e demandas locais de comunidades pobres.

This article talks about the potential of the Fulltime Education Program by MEC to contribute to the autonomy of students who live in poor communities. Theoretical reference related to the concept of autonomy, self-management, community empowerment, and supportive economy contribute to the reflection and systematization of an experience developed in a municipal public school in Belo Horizonte. There the students experienced a simulation of planning and implementing an entrepreneurism from supportive economy, aiming at the demands of the local community and ways of articulating local development articulated with it. This reflection is based on documental, bibliographic and empirical research and resulted in the proposition of a methodology to be applied using the space and hours of the fulltime education in such school, through workshops and activities of insertion and interactivity with the local community, in an educational arrangement at fulltime/integrated education in supportive economy, aiming at the articulation of local resources and demands of local slum or poor communities.

Este artículo aborda el potencial del Programa de Educación a Tiempo Integral del MEC (Programa de Educación Integral) para contribuir a la autonomía de los estudiantes que viven en comunidades de escasos recursos. Las referencias teóricas relacionadas a los conceptos de autonomía, autogestión, empoderamiento comunitario y emprendedorismo solidario contribuyen a la reflexión y sistematización de una experiencia desarrollada en una escuela pública municipal de Belo Horizonte, de simulación de planificación e implementación de un emprendimiento solidario con los estudiantes, dirigido a las demandas de la comunidad local y de forma articulada con la misma. Esta reflexión se fundamenta en investigaciones documentales, bibliográficas y empíricas, dando lugar a la proposición de una metodología aplicable en el tiempo y espacio de la educación integral, a través de talleres y actividades de inserción en la comunidad local, en la forma de una adaptación formativa para la educación integral en emprendedorismo solidario, con el objetivo de articular los recursos y demandas locales de las comunidades de escasos recursos económicos.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Purpose: The community-based participatory research approach has been identified as a great asset in reducing health disparities through the integration of community members in all phases of the research process. It is essential to provide skills to community members to achieve successful research partnerships. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the community-based participatory research training curriculum for community members. Methods: Using mixed-methods, noncomparative design, eight workshops were developed and tested. Workshops covered topics such as community-based participatory research principles, health disparities, ethics in community-based participatory research, and fundamentals of research methodology. A total of 25 community leaders were trained. Pre-/post-test knowledge (unpaired t-test), retention rate, workshop satisfaction, and cognitive debriefing sessions were used to assess knowledge gained and acceptability and feasibility of the curriculum. Results: A retention rate of 100% and an average satisfaction of 92.68% were obtained. Preliminary effectiveness results indicate that there was an overall significant change in participant's knowledge before and after the curriculum (p<0.001). In the cognitive debriefing, participants were satisfied with the organization and structure and found the curriculum feasible. Furthermore, participants identified the skills acquired to aid in being more effective in their communities and work with academic researchers. The following changes were recommended: workshops' order, time, practical activities, and level of language. Discussion: Findings from this study suggest that the curriculum was acceptable and feasible to community leaders and that it might provide skills to actively incorporate community members in research activities. A large randomized clinical trial (RCT) study to evaluate curriculum effectiveness is recommended.

RESUMO

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el capital social en los liderazgos de distintos tipos de organizaciones de base en dos localidades del sur de Chile, y cómo esto influye en los diversos niveles de empoderamiento. Los resultados a partir de datos cualitativos y del análisis de redes sociales muestran que el capital social interno y externo de estas organizaciones se centran en los/las dirigentes, lo que impide que los demás miembros de la comunidad tengan acceso a recursos existentes al interior y al exterior de la organización. Estos hallazgos muestran que no basta con el desarrollo de empoderamiento psicológico en los/las dirigentes para desarrollar empoderamiento organizacional y comunitario.

The aim of the present study is to analyse the social capital in the leadership of diverse kind of grass-roots organisations in two zones of southern Chile and how this inflows on the diverse empowerment levels. The results in base of the social networks qualitative and quantitative data shows that the social capital, both external and internal, are focused on the leaders, which does not allow to the rest of the community members to have access to existent resources inside and outside the organisation. This findings shows that is not enough with the development of the leaders psychological empowerment to develop organisational and community empowerment.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Este artigo refere-se a uma prática psicossocial comunitária na qual foi implantado o trabalho em rede, cuja metodologia teve por base o referencial da psicologia comunitária defendido por Montero (2004; 2006). Essa experiência de trabalho em rede foi realizada no Município de Cajamar durante dois anos (2007-2009), com a participação de diferentes atores sociais, dentre eles representantes do poder público (diretorias: cultura, esportes, saúde, assistência social, defesa civil) e da sociedade civil (associações de bairro, pastoral da criança, usuários da assistência social), fórum, representantes de empresas e comércio. A iniciativa dessa intervenção psicossocial visava introduzir uma prática comunitária desde a implantação dos Centros de Referência da Assistência Social (CRAS), tendo em vista romper com aquelas práticas marcadas pelo assistencialismo e clientelismo. A experiência aqui relatada evidencia que as metodologias participativas, que envolvem a população destinatária dos Programas Sociais, promovem a construção de uma cidadania forte, consciente e crítica, como propõe Montero (2004), mas requer que a população assuma a direção dessas ações, não podendo ficar nas mãos do Poder Público.

Based on the theoretical framework of Community Psychology, this article analyses, an experience of a networking held in the city of Cajamar for two years (2007 - 2009) with the participation of different social actors, including government representatives (directors: culture, sports, health, social welfare, civil defense) and civil society (neighborhood associations, child´s pastoral, users of social assistance), representatives of companies and of the commerce. The initiative of this work aimed to consolidate the deployment of Reference Centers for Social Assistance (CRAS) in order to break with practices marked by paternalism and clientelism. The experience reported here shows that participatory methodologies, which involve the target population of social programs, promote the construction of a strong, conscious and critical citizenship, as proposed by Montero (2004), but requires that people have the power of directing these actions, rather than letting them be in the hands of the government.

Este artículo analiza, con base en el referencial teórico de la psicología comunitaria, una experiencia de trabajo en red, realizado en la ciudad de Cajamar durante los años de 2007 a 2009, con la participación de diferentes actores sociales, como representantes del poder público (directores de cultura, deportes, salud, asistencia social, defensa civil) y de la sociedad civil (asociaciones de barrios, pastoral de los niños, usuarios de la asistencia social), fórum, representantes de empresas y del comercio. El objetivo de este trabajo en red era consolidar la implantación de los Centros de Referencia de la Asistencia Social (CRAS), afín de hacer una ruptura con prácticas marcadas por el asistencialismo y el clientelismo. La experiencia aquí presentada muestra que las metodologías participativas, que incluyen la población destinataria de los Programas Sociales, promueven la construcción de una ciudadanía fuerte, consciente y crítica, como propone Montero (2004), pero exigen que la población asuma la dirección de estas acciones, no la dejando en las manos del poder público.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A linguagem da Pedagogia da Libertação tem sido aplicada por vários intelectuaispertencentes aos mais diversos campos, como à Psicologia Social, à Medicina Comunitária e à Educação. Dentre os termos discutidos encontramos dois de extrema importância: empoderamento (no inglês empowerment) e conscientização. Ambos têm sido aplicados, muitas vezes, de forma confusa ou incompleta. Nessa via, confiamos que empoderamento econscientização são termos que precisam ser pensados conjuntamente, de modo que possamos entender suas aproximações e diferenças. Para tal, realizamos dois empreendimentosmetodológicos. Primeiro, fizemos uma pesquisa sistemática nas obras de autoria e/ou co-autoria de Paulo Freire disponibilizadas digitalmente na Biblioteca Digital Paulo Freire e na Rede de Educação Cidadã, utilizando os descritores relacionados ao nosso objeto de reflexão. Após o levantamento, então, entramos no nível de revisão conceitual, iniciando pela categoria analítica empoderamento, para, após, seguir em direção à categoria conscientização, com o intuito demostrar a significância de ambos, especialmente para o campo da psicologia social. Nossa análiseindica a relevância de incorporar a noção de empoderamento no processo de libertação, embora esse termo esteja relacionado à ideia de auto emancipação e de progresso (perspectiva individualista). Considerando que a libertação é sempre um ato social, o empoderamento é somente um pequeno passo em direção à libertação, sendo a conscientização o processo que possibilita a transformação social.

The language of Pedagogy of Liberation has been applied by several intellectualsbelonging to various fields, such as Social Psychology, Community Medicine and Education. For Pedagogy of Liberation, two concepts can be highlighted as extremely important: empowerment and awareness (conscientização, in Portuguese). Often, both concepts have been applied in aconfusing or incomplete way. In this situation, empowerment and awareness are terms that need to be problematized together , so that their similarities and differences can be understood . Tothis end, two methodological developments have been made. First , a systematic search in the Paulo Freire’s works, digitally available in the Freire’s Digital Library (Biblioteca Digital PauloFreire) and in the Citizen Education’s Net (Rede de Educação Cidadã), was taken. The empowerment and awareness descriptors guided the search. After, a conceptual review wasperformed in order to show the significance of both concepts. The analysis indicated the importance of incorporating the notion of empowerment in the process of liberation, although this term is related to the idea of self-emancipation and progress (individualistic perspective). Considering the liberation process is always a social act, empowerment is only a small step towards liberation, being awareness the process that enables social transformation.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A linguagem da Pedagogia da Libertação tem sido aplicada por vários intelectuaispertencentes aos mais diversos campos, como à Psicologia Social, à Medicina Comunitária e à Educação. Dentre os termos discutidos encontramos dois de extrema importância: empoderamento (no inglês empowerment) e conscientização. Ambos têm sido aplicados, muitas vezes, de forma confusa ou incompleta. Nessa via, confiamos que empoderamento econscientização são termos que precisam ser pensados conjuntamente, de modo que possamos entender suas aproximações e diferenças. Para tal, realizamos dois empreendimentosmetodológicos. Primeiro, fizemos uma pesquisa sistemática nas obras de autoria e/ou co-autoria de Paulo Freire disponibilizadas digitalmente na Biblioteca Digital Paulo Freire e na Rede de Educação Cidadã, utilizando os descritores relacionados ao nosso objeto de reflexão. Após o levantamento, então, entramos no nível de revisão conceitual, iniciando pela categoria analítica empoderamento, para, após, seguir em direção à categoria conscientização, com o intuito demostrar a significância de ambos, especialmente para o campo da psicologia social. Nossa análiseindica a relevância de incorporar a noção de empoderamento no processo de libertação, embora esse termo esteja relacionado à ideia de auto emancipação e de progresso (perspectiva individualista). Considerando que a libertação é sempre um ato social, o empoderamento é somente um pequeno passo em direção à libertação, sendo a conscientização o processo que possibilita a transformação social. (AU)

The language of Pedagogy of Liberation has been applied by several intellectualsbelonging to various fields, such as Social Psychology, Community Medicine and Education. For Pedagogy of Liberation, two concepts can be highlighted as extremely important: empowerment and awareness (conscientização, in Portuguese). Often, both concepts have been applied in aconfusing or incomplete way. In this situation, empowerment and awareness are terms that need to be problematized together , so that their similarities and differences can be understood . Tothis end, two methodological developments have been made. First , a systematic search in the Paulo Freire’s works, digitally available in the Freire’s Digital Library (Biblioteca Digital PauloFreire) and in the Citizen Education’s Net (Rede de Educação Cidadã), was taken. The empowerment and awareness descriptors guided the search. After, a conceptual review wasperformed in order to show the significance of both concepts. The analysis indicated the importance of incorporating the notion of empowerment in the process of liberation, although this term is related to the idea of self-emancipation and progress (individualistic perspective). Considering the liberation process is always a social act, empowerment is only a small step towards liberation, being awareness the process that enables social transformation. (AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

La participación comunitaria y el empoderamiento son vistos como elementos importantes para mejorar la salud e incrementar la calidad de vida de las comunidades.Objetivos: presentar una dinámica participativa dentro de la planificación-implementación-evaluación en salud en contextos intervenidos y mostrar su potencial para incrementar la participación comunitaria y el empoderamiento a nivel local.Métodos: presentamos una investigación-acción participativa donde se utilizó la metodología participativa CPPE (Comprehensive Participatory Planning and Evaluation), adaptada al contexto cubano para la planificación-implementación-evaluación de intervenciones de salud. Durante el proceso participaron líderes de salud, líderes formales (intersectorialidad) y líderes informales de áreas de salud_consejos populares. Se realizaron talleres de planificación y/o evaluación_planificación y se implementaron intervenciones. Las fuentes de información fueron: la observación participante en los talleres, las relatorías y la evaluación de los talleres, algunas entrevistas a profundidad, los Reportes Estandarizados de los Estudios de Casos de la Metodología y los Reportes Estandarizados de los Estudios de Casos de la Implementación.Resultados: la implementación metodológica permitió mejorar el proceso de la toma de decisiones, tuvo gran aceptación y hubo un interés creciente por la sostenibilidad del proceso.Conclusiones: se evidenció el potencial de esta metodología para reforzar los procesos de participación-empoderamiento comunitarios en las comunidades intervenidas. En todas las localidades los diferentes tipos de líderes y gran parte de las comunidades pasaron de ser colaboradores en las intervenciones de salud, a constituirse en actores fundamentales en la toma de decisiones...

Community participation and empowerment are seen as important elements to improve health and enhance the quality of life of communities.Objectives: submit a participatory in planning-implementation-evaluation in health contexts intervened and show its potential to increase community participation and local empowerment.Methods: present a participatory action research where the participatory methodology was used CPPE (Comprehensive Participatory Planning and Evaluation) adapted to the Cuban context for planning-implementation-evaluation of health interventions. During the process involved health leaders, formal leaders (intersectoral) and informal leaders of health areas - Councils. Planning workshops were held and / or assessment - planning and interventions were implemented. The sources of information were: participant observation in workshops, rapporteurs and evaluation of the workshops, in-depth interviews, the Case Studies of the methodology report and the Case Studies of the implementation reports.Results: the methodology implementation improved the decision-making process, the methodology was widely accepted, there was a growing interest in the sustainability of the process. Conclusions: the implementation methodology, favored the process of participation and empowerment within the target communities.In all locations the different types of leaders and much of the communities went from being partners in health interventions, to become key players in the decision-making...

Assuntos

RESUMO

Neste artigo, apresentamos os desafios teórico-práticos que os profissionais de diferentes áreas sociais têm encontrado em suas práticas de intervenção psicossocial em comunidades de diversos municípios de São Paulo. Entre os grandes desafios estão os limites dos programas sociais propostos pelo poder público, as dificuldades dos agentes externos em desenvolver um trabalho que leve ao fortalecimento da comunidade e a ausência de referenciais teórico-metodológicos que fundamentem as práticas desses agentes. A fim de ilustrar tais desafios, relatamos a experiência de um curso de Psicologia Comunitária e da Libertação no qual discutimos propostas de intervenção comunitária a partir de conceitos desenvolvidos por Martín-Baró (1998) e da contribuição de Maritza Montero (2004) com o Paradigma da Construção e Transformação Crítica. Com base nesses referenciais teóricos, analisamos a relação entre Estado, Programas e Organizações, assim como as contradições existentes entre uma prática social comunitária e as exigências dos planos e programas governamentais.

In this article we present the theoretical-practical challenges that professionals from different social fields face in their practices of social psychological intervention in communities in various cities of São Paulo. Among the largest challenges are the limitations of social programs offered by public authorities, the difficulties of external agents in developing actions that lead to the strengthening of the community, and the absence of theoretical-methodological references that support the practices of these agents. In order to illustrate these challenges, we narrate the experience of a course on Community Psychology and Psychology of Liberation in which we discussed propositions for community intervention from the perspective of concepts developed by Martín-Baró (1998) and the contributions of Maritza Montero (2004) with the Paradigm of Construction and Critical Transformation. Based on these theoretical references we analyze the relation between State, Programs and Organizations as well as the contradictions existing between a community social practice and the demands from the governmental programs and plans.