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Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr;47(4): 259-270, dic. 2009. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-556203

RESUMO

This study aims to demonstrate through a qualitative assessment of the linguistic problems in the primary communication of schizophrenic subjects. We refer to the pragmatic deficit presenting his speech. The methodology of the study consists of 40 speech samples of subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-IV and ICD-10, which was obtained from clinical interviews with informed consent in the health network in Santiago, Chile. Of these samples, 12 patients are first outbreak and 28 to chronic whose ages vary between 17 and 50 years. The results point to verify the existence of a further deterioration of the pragmatic functions in chronic patients than in patients with first episode. These deficiencies are clearly visible in the use of communicative strategies such as pair's adjacent initials, which only meet the communicative purpose in the first turns of speech. Based on the behavior and cognitive pragma-linguitic subjects intend releasing results that point to search for evidence of an early diagnosis, the chronic course of schizophrenia gives less chance of recovery and integration of patients. The results point to verify the existence of a further deterioration of the pragmatic functions in chronic patients than in patients with first episode. These deficiencies are clearly visible in the use of communicative strategies such as pair's adjacent initials, which only meet the communicative purpose in the first turns of speech. These segments are usually started with some strategies. Based on the behavior and cognitive pragma-linguitic subjects intend releasing results that point to search for evidence of an early diagnosis, the chronic course of schizophrenia gives less chance of recovery and integration of patients.


El presente estudio tiene por objetivo evidenciar por medio de la evaluación lingüística cualitativa uno de los problemas primarios en la comunicación de sujetos esquizofrénicos. Nos referimos al déficit pragmático que presenta su discurso. La metodología del estudio comprende 40 muestras de habla de sujetos diagnosticados de esquizofrenia, según criterios del DSM-IV y CIE-10, las que fueron obtenidas de entrevistas clínicas con consentimiento informado en la red de salud de Santiago de Chile. De dichas muestras, 12 corresponden a pacientes con un primer brote y 28 pacientes a enfermos crónicos, cuyas edades varían entre los 17y 50 años. Los resultados apuntan a la comprobación de la existencia de un mayor deterioro de las funciones pragmáticas en los pacientes crónicos que en los pacientes de primer brote. Estas deficiencias son claramente apreciables en la utilización de estrategias comunicativas tales como los pares adyacentes iniciales, que únicamente cumplen el propósito comunicativo en los primeros turnos de habla. Basados en el comportamiento pragmalingüístico y cognitivo de los sujetos pretendemos relevar resultados que apunten a la búsqueda de evidencias para un diagnóstico precoz, ya que el curso crónico de la esquizofrenia arroja menos posibilidades de recuperación e integración de los pacientes.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esquizofrenia/fisiopatologia , Fala , Transtornos da Comunicação/diagnóstico , Doença Crônica , Linguagem do Esquizofrênico , Transtornos da Linguagem/diagnóstico
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