RESUMO
The SNP rs2251214 of the SYT1 gene was recently associated with externalizing phenotypes, including ADHD and cocaine use disorder (CUD). Here, we investigated whether SYT1-rs2251214 could also be implicated with cognitive performance variations among women with CUD. Results showed that G homozygous (n = 146) have lower cognitive performance in the Stroop, Trail Making and Matrix Reasoning tests compared with A-allele carriers (n = 64), suggesting that rs2251214 may influence the severity of cognitive impairments in CUD.
Assuntos
Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Cocaína/complicações , Disfunção Cognitiva/genética , Sinaptotagmina I/genética , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo ÚnicoRESUMO
This study examined the effects of glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genes on susceptibility to crack cocaine addiction and BDNF levels. Crack addicted patients who sought treatment (n = 280) and non-addicted individuals (n = 241) were assessed. Three SNPs in NR3C1 (rs6198, rs41423247, and rs10052957), three in CRHR1 (rs12944712, rs110402, and rs878886), and one in BDNF (rs6265) were genotyped. No significant effect was seen in the case-control analyses. Crack cocaine addicted patients showed significantly lower serum BDNF levels. Significant effects were observed for NR3C1 rs41423247 and rs10052957. These effects were restricted to non-addicted individuals and they were supported by significant gene-by-disease status interactions. For CRHR1, all SNPs were associated with BDNF levels. Although there were significant effects only in the analysis restricted to non-addicted individuals, the lack of significant results in the gene-by-disease status interaction analyses suggest a general effect on BDNF levels. The haplotype analyses presented the same effect seen in the single marker analyses. This study suggests that SNPs in the NR3C1 and CRHR1 genes may influence BDNF levels, but this effect is blunted in the context of crack cocaine addiction. Therefore, our data may be interpreted in light of several studies showing pronounced effects of crack cocaine on BDNF levels. Since peripheral BDNF is a biomarker for several psychiatric phenotypes, our results may be useful in interpreting previous associations between stress-related SNPs, drug addiction, and depression.
Assuntos
Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/sangue , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Cocaína/metabolismo , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Receptores de Hormônio Liberador da Corticotropina/genética , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/genética , Criança , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Cocaína/genética , Cocaína Crack/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/metabolismo , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Carcinoma de Células Pequenas/complicações , Síndrome de Secreção Inadequada de HAD/complicações , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicações , Carcinoma de Células Pequenas/patologia , Evolução Fatal , Humanos , Síndrome de Secreção Inadequada de HAD/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XAssuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Carcinoma de Células Pequenas/complicações , Síndrome de Secreção Inadequada de HAD/complicações , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicações , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Evolução Fatal , Carcinoma de Células Pequenas/patologia , Síndrome de Secreção Inadequada de HAD/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologiaRESUMO
Aspergillosis is an infection caused by saprophytic fungi of the genus Aspergillus, which typically occurs in immunosuppressed individuals, but has also been reported in immunocompetent patients. The main routes of entry are the respiratory tract, skin, cornea, and ear, and the infection may be localized or disseminated by contiguity or vascular invasion. We report a severe case of rhinosinusitis with cutaneous involvement, caused by invasive aspergillosis, in an immunocompetent user of inhaled cocaine. Invasive aspergillosis related to cocaine abuse has not yet been reported in the literature. After itraconazole treatment and surgical debridement, complete clinical remission was achieved. Nasal reconstruction with a skin graft over a silicone prosthesis resulted in a satisfactory esthetic outcome.
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Aspergilose/etiologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Cocaína/complicações , Deformidades Adquiridas Nasais/microbiologia , Rinite/microbiologia , Sinusite/microbiologia , Hospedeiro ImunocomprometidoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Determine the prevalence and compare some genetic markers involved in addictive behavior in a group of addicts to derivative of coca (cocaine/crack) or heroin and a control group of non-addicted people matched for gender, age and ethnicity. METHODS: A 120 addicts and 120 non-addicts Colombian male were surveyed and genotyped for 18 polymorphism of the OPRM1, DRD2, DRD4, SLC6A3, SLC6A4, ABCB1, DßH and CYP2B6 genes. For the identification of alleles markers were used mini-sequencing and fragment multiplex PCR techniques; ethnicity of cases and controls was analyzed with 61 AIMs. RESULTS: The age of onset use of heroin or coca derivatives (cocaine/crack) was 16.5±6 years and 99.2% of them consume several illicit drugs. It showed that controls and addicts belong to the same ethnic group. Significant differences between addicts and controls in relation to schooling, marital status, social security family history of substance abuse (p <0.001), Int8-VNTR SLC6A3 gene (p= 0.015) and SNP 3435C>T ABCB1 gene (p= 0.001) were found. CONCLUSION: The present results indicate that the VNTR- 6R polymorphism of the gene SLC6A3 and the genotype 3435CC in the ABCB1 gene, are both associated with addictive behavior to heroin or cocaine.
OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia y comparar marcadores genéticos involucrados en conducta adictiva en un grupo de adictos a cocaína/crack o heroína y en un grupo control de no adictos apareados por g énero, edad y etnicidad. METODOLOGÍA: 120 varones adictos y 120 no adictos fueron encuestados y genotipificados para 18 alelos de los genes OPRM1, DßH, DRD2, DRD4, SLC6A3, SLC6A4, ABCB1 y CYP2B6. Para la identificación de los diferentes alelos se utilizaron las técnicas de minisecuenciaci ón y multiplex PCR. La etnicidad de casos y controles fue analizada con 61 marcadores ancestro-informativos. RESULTADOS: La edad de inicio en el consumo de heroína o derivados de la coca fue de 16.5±6 años y el 99.2% de ellos eran policonsumidores. Los controles y los adictos pertenecen al mismo grupo étnico. Diferencias significativas entre adictos y controles fueron encontradas en relación con escolaridad (p <0.001), estado civil (p <0.001), seguridad social (p <0.001) e historia familiar de drogadicción (p <0.001), genotipo int8-VNTR del gen SLC6A3 (p= 0.015) y al SNP 3435C>T (rs1045642) del gen ABCB1 (p= 0.001). CONCLUSIÓN: Los resultados indican que el polimorfismo VNTR-6R del gen SLC6A3 y el genotipo 3435CC en el gen ABCB1, están asociados con conducta adictiva a heroína o cocaína.