RESUMO

El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la asociación correlacional que pudiera presentarse entre necesidad de tratamiento periodontal con los siguientes criterios clínicos: tiempo de evolución de la diabetes, hábito de fumar, conocimiento de la influencia de la diabetes, presencia de cálculo visible, movilidad dentaria, sangrado al sondaje en diabéticos fumadores y no fumadores que concurren al Programa Nacional de Diabetes del Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social durante los meses de abril a setiembre del 2014. Participaron del estudio 242 sujetos seleccionados al azar y que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo-correlacional estableciéndose como límite de significancia un valor de p<0,05. En cuanto a los resultados se encontró un nivel de correlación significativa (p< 0,05) en conocimiento de la influencia de la diabetes; y muy significativa (p < 0,01) en índice comunitario de hábito de fumar, presencia de cálculo visible, movilidad dentaria y en el sangrado al sondaje. En conclusión, se encontró asociación entre los siguientes criterios clínicos considerados en esta investigación: el hábito de fumar, conocimiento de la influencia de la diabetes, presencia de cálculo visible, movilidad dentaria, sangrado al sondaje en diabéticos fumadores y no fumadores.

The objectiveof this study was to determine the correlation between the need for periodontal treatment and the following clinical criteria considered: time of evolution of diabetes, smoking, knowledge of the influence of diabetes, presence of visible calculus, tooth mobility, bleeding on probing in diabetic smokers and non-smokers attending the National Diabetes Program of the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare during the months of April to September, 2014. A total of 242 randomly selected subjects who met the inclusion criteria participated in the study. A descriptive-correlational statistical analysis was performed, establishing a p-value <0.05 as the limit of significance. Regarding the results, a significant level of correlation was found (p<0.05) in knowledge of the influence of diabetes and highly significant (p<0.01) in community smoking index, presence of visible calculus, tooth mobility and bleeding on probing. In conclusion, an association was found between the following clinical criteria considered in this research: smoking, knowledge of the influence of diabetes, presence of visible calculus, tooth mobility, bleeding on probing in diabetic smokers and non-smokers.

RESUMO

Cigarette smoking has been associated with an increase in oxidative stress (OS) and is considered a predisposing factor to chronic noncommunicable diseases, whilst dietary antioxidants has been proposed as an alternative to cope with this oxidative stress. In this study, 20 smokers and 20 non-smokers were studied with the aim of determining their antioxidant status, as well as the ability of an infusion of 23 medicinal plants, to counteract the damage caused by OS. The plasma, red blood cells (RBCs) and polymorphonuclear cells (PBMCs) of both groups were incubated or not with the horchata infusion extract and then the OS markers, genotoxicity, nanostructure of RBCs membrane and genes related to oxidative responses and cellular functionality were evaluated. Up to 33 different compounds, mainly quercetin glycosides, were identified in the extract. A significant deterioration in the antioxidant status in smokers compared to non-smokers was found. The horchata infusion extract improved the nanostructure of RBCs and DNA damage, as well as the activity of the endogenous antioxidant enzymes and markers of oxidative damage to lipid, and proteins in plasma, RBCs and PBMCs in both groups, whilst no significant changes were found in the expression of different genes related to OS response.

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of triclosan-containing fluoride toothpaste on the clinical parameters and the osteo-immunoinflammatory mediators in the peri-implant fluid when applied in a stent during experimental peri-implant mucositis in smokers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six smokers with an implant-supported crown were enrolled in this double-blind, randomized, crossover study. During the two 3-week periods without mechanical toothbrushing (washout period: 30 days), patients were randomly assigned to triclosan/fluoride (n:13) or fluoride toothpaste (n:13), three times/day. Clinical and immunoenzymatic assays were performed at baseline, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. RESULTS: Both groups showed increase in the Plaque Index throughout the study (p = 0.001), without inter-group differences at 21 days (p > 0.05). No intra- or inter-group differences were observed for IFN-γ, IL10, IL-1ß, IL8, IL-17, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-2, MMP-9, TGF-ß, OC, OPN, ICTP, OPG and RANKL (p > 0.05). However, the RANKL/OPG ratio was significantly higher in fluoride toothpaste-treated sites when compared to triclosan/fluoride-treated sites at the end of period without mechanical toothbrushing, on the 21st day (p = 0.041). CONCLUSION: Triclosan-containing toothpaste favorably modulated osteo-immunoinflammatory mediators during the experimental peri-implant mucositis in smokers, decreasing the ratio of RANKL/OPG.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Epidemiology data have established that smoking is a prime threat for the cancers, largely lung cancer. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs),P53 SNPs have been found to be associated with the predisposition of different cancers. Their decreased expression is reported in breast and lung cancer patients. p53 (rs1614984) had been reported to be linked with the SNPs found associated with breast cancer. The primary aim of this study to determine the association of p53 variant rs1614984 with the cigarette smokers and smoking related cancers in smokers. Among the smokers, 38% were found with CC genotype, 55% were heterozygous CT and 7% were TT, respectively. The homozygous TT genotype was seen in lower percentage of smokers (7%) when compared to non-smokers (8%) whereas; Significant difference was not observed when encompassed by CC, CT and TT genotypes (χ2 = 4.892, p=0.087). However, CC vs CT genotype showed a significant difference between smokers and non-smokers (p=0.031, OR 1.447 (1.035-2.025) and the dominant model CC vs CT+TT was also significantly different among smoker and non-smokers (p=0.047, OR 1.39 (1.004-1.924). Furthermore, smokers are at the risk of developing variety of diseases including lung cancer. Our finding suggests a higher percentage of heterozygous CT genotype in smokers when compared to non-smokers. Therefore, this finding gives a clue that the transition mutation of C>T (rs1614984) may leads to the lung diseases including cancer in smokers. However, there will be a need of more extensive and elaborated study to set down the aspect of p53(rs1614984) C>T in lung cancer among smokers.