RESUMO

The objective of this study is to delineate the cellular adhesion molecule (CAM) profile and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), and their association with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and carbohydrate metabolism biomarkers in psoriasis patients with mild and moderate severity. Sixty-seven patients with psoriasis as well as 102 healthy subjects were recruited. Insulin and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), but not glucose, were significantly higher in psoriasis than in controls. Psoriasis was characterized by increased plasma levels of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin, and PAI-1 as compared with controls. Psoriasis diagnosis could explain 59.0% of CAM and PAI-1 variance, with a particularly strong impact on E-selectin (45.6%), VCAM-1 (32.7%), and PAI-1 (24.8%). Subjects with MetS showed significantly higher E-selectin and PAI-1 than those without MetS. Using VCAM-1, E-selectin, PAI-1 (all positively), and P-selectin (inversely) in a binary regression equation, it was found that 87.6% of all patients were correctly classified with a sensitivity of 92.5% and a specificity of 84.3%. CAM and PAI-1 were correlated with carbohydrate metabolism biomarkers (glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR). In conclusion, CAM levels are associated with psoriasis diagnosis and MetS may influence E-selectin and PAI-1 concentrations. More studies are needed to verify the causality among these factors, as well as their relation to the different degrees of disease severity.

Assuntos

RESUMO

La vaso-oclusión en la drepanocitosis es una característica única entre las anemias hemolíticas. La idea de que el eritrocito falciforme induce el proceso vaso-oclusivo ha sido desechada y no cabe duda que el fenómeno ocurre debido a la adhesión de los hematíes deformables menos densos (reticulocitos de stress) al endotelio vascular activado en las vénulas post-capilares, proceso en el que participan moléculas de adhesión celular (MAC) eritrocitarias y vasculares así como un conjunto de factores plasmáticos; la externalización de la fosfatidilserina, la acción de la trombina, la expresión de factor tisular asociada a alteraciones del mecanismo de transporte catiónico, conjuntamente con la formación de agregados de banda 3 constituyen un conjunto de elementos cruciales en la explicación fisiopatológica de la vaso-oclusión y su relación con diferentes opciones terapéuticas.

The vaso-occlusion in the sickle cell anemia is only characteristic in the haemolytic anemias. The idea that the falciform erythrocyte induces the vaso-occlusive process has been abolished and without doubt the event is produced by the adhesion of the low density deformed erythrocytes ( stress reticulocytes ) to the active vascular endothelium in post-capillary venule participating in the process molecules of cellular adhesion ( erythrocytic and vascular) as well as a group of plasma factors; the external phosphatidilserine , the thrombine action , the expression of tissue factor associated to the disorders of the cationic transportation mechanism as well as the aggregates (band 3) are crucial elements in the pathophysiological explanation of vaso-occlusion and its relation to different therapeutic options.

RESUMO

Este estudo se propôs analisar através da técnica da estreptoavidina-biotina a expressão imuno-histoquímica das integrinas α2ß1, α3ß1 e α5ß1 em 11 espécimes de mucosa oral normal (MON), 16 de hiperplasia fibroepitelial inflamatória oral (HFIO) e 25 de displasia epitelial oral (DEO) (16 leves, 2 moderadas e 7 graves), procurando determinar se existe alteração qualitativa na expressão destas integrinas e se a mesma guarda relação com as modificações sofridas pelo epitélio oral. Para a integrina α2ß1 a maioria dos espécimes exibiu uma marcação predominantemente intensa e difusa nos contatos intercelulares e no citoplasma celular das camadas basal e suprabasal, sem diferença desse perfil entre os diferentes tipos de espécimes, porém com uma tendência a fraca ou perda da expressão em 21.1% das DEOs, sendo todos os espécimes que não expressaram marcação para este heterodímero DEOs graves. Para a integrina α3ß1 a maioria da amostra exibiu uma marcação fraca ou ausente predominantemente em camada basal. A integrina α5ß1 exibiu uma forte marcação difusa nos contatos intercelulares e citoplasmática na camada suprabasal, com diferença apenas na intensidade de marcação entre os tipos de espécimes, residindo essa diferença nas DEOs, onde 12 (48%) espécimes exibiram uma fraca marcação. Concluiu-se que as integrinas avaliadas podem estar envolvidas nas interações célula-célula e célula-MEC que garantem a diferenciação celular e manutenção do arranjo estrutural tecidual. A variável expressão da integrina α5ß1 nas DEOs, poderia sugerir, respectivamente, um papel dessa molécula na sobrevida celular, com o intuito de perpetuar o fenótipo alterado nessas lesões, ou uma ação supressora desse fenótipo devido à falta de interação desta molécula com a fibronectina da MEC (AU).

The objective of this study was perform by the streptoavidin-biotin technique an immunohistochemical analysis of α2ß1, α3ß1 e α5ß1 integrins in 11 normal oral mucosa (NOM), 16 oral inflammatory fibroepithelial hyperplasia (OIFH) and 25 oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) (16 mild, 2 moderates and 7 severe), to determine if exists qualitative alteration in the expression of these integrins and if this guard relation with the oral epithelial modifications. It was observed that for the α2ß1 integrin the majority of the sample showed a predominantly intense labeling diffusely distributed in the intercellular contacts and the cytoplasm of cells of the basal and suprabasal layers, without difference of this profile between the different types of specimens, however with a trend to weak or loss of expression in 21.1% of the OEDs, being all the specimens that had not expressed this heterodimer, severe OEDs. For the α3ß1 integrin the majority of the sample showed a weak or absent labeling in basal layer. The α5ß1 integrin showed a predominant strong diffuse labeling in the intercellular contacts and cytoplasm in the suprabasal layer, with difference only in the labeling intensity between the types of specimens, inhabiting this difference in the OEDs, where 12 (48%) specimens had shown a weak labeling. It was concluded that the evaluated integrins can be involved in the cell-cell, cell-ECM interactions modulating the cellular differentiation and maintenance of the epithelial structural arrangement. The variable expression of the α5ß1 integrin in the OEDs, could suggest, respectively, a role of this molecule in the cellular survival, with intention to perpetuate the modified phenotype in these lesions, or a suppressor role on the modified phenotype due to lack of interaction of this molecule with the fibronectina of the MEC (AU).

Assuntos