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The present study aimed to determine whether a remotely delivered intervention, based on an individual case management, can reduce falls and their consequences in community-dwelling older people with a history of multiple falls. In this randomized controlled trial, 32 participants were randomized to the intervention group, which comprised a 16-week case management program involving a multidimensional assessment, targeted interventions according to the identified fall risk factors, and development of individualized care plans. The intervention was performed by trained gerontologists, under weekly supervision of professionals with experience in falls. The control group (n = 30) received usual care. Falls were monitored over 12 months with monthly falls calendars and telephone calls. Remotely delivered case management presented an 82 % uptake of recommendations. There was a trend toward a reduced fall incidence in the intervention vs control group, with lower fall, fall injury and fracture rates in the intervention group compared with the control group at both the 16-week and 12-month time-points, with the difference statistically significant for injurious fall rates at 12 months - IRR=0.18 (95 % CI = 0.04 to 0.74).

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Introduction: People with multimorbidity and their caregivers are beginning to be recognized as emerging subjects of health systems. In Colombia there is no differentiated approach to care for this population, as well as its health-disease process. Objective: To understand the experience of people with multimorbidity and their caregivers after receiving a case management intervention. Methods and materials: It is a qualitative study in which 33 participants among people with multimorbidity and their caregivers who received intervention with case managers were interviewed, a comparative analysis and use to tools analytics grounded theory. Results: There are 3 dimensions that are, the actors where nursing becomes relevant as a reliable source of care; the Care Meeting, as a space created within case management to maintain trust and; Results in the health system, where the need to integrate this type of outbreak into the Colombian Health Model is confirmed. Discussion: Complementary qualitative evidence data from the central study with a greater impact on the quality of care through the therapeutic relationship at home. Conclusion: The dyad requires home support for self-management of the disease based on trust, empathy, empowerment and administrative management carried out by case managers.

Introducción: Las personas con multimorbilidad y sus cuidadores empiezan a ser reconocidos como sujetos emergentes en los sistemas de salud. En Colombia no existe un abordaje diferenciado para la atención de esta población, así como de su proceso de salud-enfermedad. Objetivo: Entender las experiencias de personas con multimorbilidad y sus cuidadores tras recibir una intervención de gestión de casos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cualitativo en el que se entrevistó a 33 participantes con multimorbilidad y sus cuidadores que recibieron una intervención por parte de gestores de casos; se realizó un análisis comparativo y se utilizaron herramientas analíticas de la teoría fundamentada. Resultados: Existen tres dimensiones: los actores, donde la enfermería cobra relevancia como fuente confiable de cuidado; la reunión de atención o cuidado, como un espacio creado en la gestión de casos para mantener la confianza; y resultados en el sistema de salud, donde se confirma la necesidad de integrar este tipo de avance en el modelo de salud colombiano. Discusión: Los datos cualitativos complementarios del estudio central evidencian un mayor impacto en la calidad del cuidado a través de la relación terapéutica en el hogar. Conclusión: La díada requiere acompañamiento domiciliario para la autogestión de la enfermedad que esté basado en la confianza, la empatía, el empoderamiento y la gestión administrativa llevada a cabo por los gestores de casos.

Introdução: As pessoas com multimorbidade e seus cuidadores estão começando a ser reconhecidos como sujeitos emergentes dos sistemas de saúde. Na Colômbia, não há uma abordagem diferenciada para o atendimento dessa população, bem como para seu processo saúde-doença. Objetivo: Compreender a experiência de pessoas com multimorbidade e seus cuidadores após receberem uma intervenção de gerenciamento de casos. Métodos e materiais: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo no qual foram entrevistados 33 participantes entre pessoas com multimorbidade e seus cuidadores que receberam intervenção com gerentes de caso, uma análise comparativa e o uso de ferramentas analíticas da teoria fundamentada. Resultados: Existem três dimensões que são: os atores onde a enfermagem se torna relevante como uma fonte confiável de cuidados; a Reunião de Cuidados, como um espaço criado dentro do gerenciamento de casos para manter a confiança e; Resultados no sistema de saúde, onde a necessidade de integrar esse tipo de surto no modelo de saúde colombiano é confirmada. Discussão: Dados complementares de evidências qualitativas do estudo central com maior impacto na qualidade do atendimento por meio da relação terapêutica no domicílio. Conclusão: A díade requer apoio domiciliar para o autogerenciamento da doença com base na confiança, empatia, empoderamento e gerenciamento administrativo realizado pelos gerentes de caso.

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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1052349.].

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Background: Integrated bite case management (IBCM) is a multi-sectoral response to animal-bites which reduces human and canine rabies mortality through animal quarantine, bite-victim counseling, and vaccination tracking. Haiti's national rabies surveillance program was established in 2013 using paper-based IBCM (pIBCM) with adoption of an electronic smartphone application (eIBCM) in 2018. Methods: We evaluated the feasibility of implementing the electronic app in Haiti and compared pIBCM and eIBCM data quality collected January 2013-August 2019. Deaths prevented, cost-per-death averted, and cost-per-investigation during use of pIBCM and eIBCM were estimated using a previously validated rabies cost-effectiveness tool that accounted for bite-victim demographics; probability of acquiring rabies; post-exposure prophylaxis; and costs including training, supplies, and salaries. We compared pIBCM and eIBCM based on data comprehensiveness, completeness, and reporting efficiency. Surveys were administered to IBCM staff to evaluate the usefulness, simplicity, flexibility, and acceptability of eIBCM. Results: Of 15,526 investigations, 79% were paper-based and 21% electronic. IBCM prevented 241 (estimated) human rabies deaths. Using pIBCM, cost-per-death averted was $2,692 and the cost-per-investigation was $21.02; up to 55 data variables were collected per investigation; data transmission took 26 days to reach national staff, and 180 days until analysis. Using eIBCM, the cost-per-death averted was $1,247 and the cost-per-investigation was $22.70; up to 174 data variables were collected per investigation; data transmission took 3 days to reach national staff, and 30 days until analysis. Among 12,194 pIBCM investigations, 55% were mappable by commune, compared to 100% of eIBCM investigations mappable by GPS. Animal case definitions were incorrectly ascribed by investigators in 5.5% of pIBCM investigations and zero for eIBCM; typically, errors were in determining probable vs. suspect case assignments. Overall, eIBCM was well-accepted by staff, who reported the app is easy-to-use, facilitates investigations, and compared to pIBCM hastens data reporting. Discussion: In Haiti, eIBCM showed improved data completeness, data quality, and shorter notification times with minimal increase in operational cost. The electronic app is simple-to-use and facilitates IBCM investigations. Rabies endemic countries could refer to eIBCM in Haiti as a cost-effective means to reduce human rabies mortality and improve surveillance capacity.

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Even in well-delivered treatments, a significant proportion of patients with severe diagnoses will not achieve sustained remission. For example, research demonstrates that in Bipolar II disorder, while psychological interventions combined with pharmacotherapy yield much better results than pharmacotherapy alone, relapse rates remain very high. In this article, we show the successful treatment of Mrs. C., who was diagnosed with Bipolar II disorder and fell into the non-responders. The treatment integrated a novel approach grounded on a cognitive-behavioral theory with a systemic perspective. The psychotherapist, the psychiatrist, and a family therapist composed the teamwork and delivered the treatment in three phases. In the first phase, the psychotherapist conjointly with the psychiatrist aimed at reducing symptoms. In the second phase, the psychotherapist and the family therapist addressed the dysfunctional relationship patterns that negatively reinforced emotional dysregulation. Finally, in the third phase, the aim was to consolidate the achievements, changes, and good outcomes.

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Objetivo: relatar a experiência de elaboração de um algoritmo de gerenciamento de casos para pessoas com hipertensão arterial sistêmica atendidas na atenção primária. Método: relato de experiência em que a construção do algoritmo foi baseada no modelo da Community Access Ageing, Disability and Home Care, Department of Human Services NSW9, que prevê sete etapas: Compromisso, Avaliação, Planejamento, Implementação, Monitoramento, Revisão e Encerramento. Resultados: compuseram o algoritmo questionários validados e atividades como visitas domiciliares, consultas de enfermagem, plano terapêutico individualizado e pactuação de metas, educação em saúde, contato telefônico e redirecionamento para a rede atenção à saúde. O tempo de elaboração foi de 12 meses. Conclusão: o algoritmo desenvolvido representa uma ferramenta simples e dinâmica de gerenciamento de casos, que orienta as atividades de cuidado de pessoas com hipertensão atendidas na atenção primária, mediante sete etapas, e facilita a leitura dos resultados.

Objective: to report the experience of elaborating a case management algorithm for people with systemic arterial hypertension treated in primary care. Method: experience report in which the construction of the algorithm was based on the model of Community Access Ageing, Disability and Home Care, Department of Human Services NSW9, which provides for seven stages: Commitment, Evaluation, Planning, Implementation, Monitoring, Review and Closure. Results: validated questionnaires and activities such as home visits, nursing consultations, individualized therapeutic plan and goal agreement, health education, telephone contact and redirection to the health care network were included in the algorithm. The preparation time was 12 months. Conclusion: the algorithm developed represents a simple and dynamic case management tool that guides the care activities of people with hypertension treated in primary care, through seven stages, and facilitates the reading of results.

Objetivo: relatar la experiencia del desarrollo de un algoritmo de manejo de casos para personas con hipertensión arterial sistémica atendidas en atención primaria. Método: relato de experiencia en el que la construcción del algoritmo se basó en el modelo Community Access Aging, Disability and Home Care, Department of Human Services NSW9, que prevé siete pasos: Compromiso, Evaluación, Planificación, Implementación, Monitoreo, Revisión y Cierre. Resultados: cuestionarios validados y actividades como visitas domiciliarias, consultas de enfermería, plan terapéutico individualizado y acuerdo de metas, educación para la salud, contacto telefónico y redirección a la red de salud compusieron el algoritmo. El tiempo de preparación fue de 12 meses. Conclusión: el algoritmo desarrollado representa una herramienta de gestión de casos simple y dinámica, que orienta las actividades de atención de las personas con hipertensión arterial asistidas en la atención primaria, a través de siete pasos, y facilita la lectura de los resultados.

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BACKGROUND: Panama is one of eight countries in Mesoamerica that aims to eliminate malaria by 2022. Malaria is concentrated in indigenous and remote regions like Guna Yala, a politically autonomous region where access to health services is limited and cases are predominately detected through intermittent active surveillance. To improve routine access to care, a joint effort was made by Guna Yala authorities and the Ministry of Health to pilot a network of community health workers (CHWs) equipped with rapid diagnostic tests and treatment. The impact of this pilot is described. METHODS: Access to care was measured using the proportion of villages targeted by the effort with active CHWs. Epidemiological impact was evaluated through standard surveillance and case management measures. Tests for differences in proportions or rates were used to compare measures prior to (October 2014-September 2016) and during the pilot (October 2016-September 2018). RESULTS: An active CHW was placed in 39 (95%) of 41 target communities. During the pilot, CHWs detected 61% of all reported cases from the region. Test positivity in the population tested by CHWs (22%) was higher than in those tested through active surveillance, both before (3.8%) and during the pilot (2.9%). From the pre-pilot to the pilot period, annual blood examination rates decreased (9.8 per 100 vs. 8.0 per 100), test positivity increased (4.2% to 8.5%, Χ2 = 126.3, p < 0.001) and reported incidence increased (4.1 cases per 1000 to 6.9 cases per 1000 [Incidence Rate Ratio = 1.83, 95% CI 1.52, 2.21]). The percent of cases tested on the day of symptom onset increased from 8 to 27% and those treated on the day of their test increased from 26 to 84%. CONCLUSIONS: The CHW network allowed for replacement of routine active surveillance with strong passive case detection leading to more targeted and timely testing and treatment. The higher test positivity among those tested by CHWs compared to active surveillance suggests that they detected cases in a high-risk population that had not previously benefited from access to diagnosis and treatment. Surveillance data acquired through this CHW network can be used to better target active case detection to populations at highest risk.

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AIMS: The aim was to determine the impact of a case management model on indicators of health service utilization, polypharmacy, quality of life and dependency of patients with multimorbidity, and family caregiver overload in a group of patients insured with two insurance companies in the city of Bogotá (Colombia). DESIGN: This was a mixed methods study, which integrated a quantitative and qualitative component. METHODS: The study was conducted between July 2019 and March 2020. A quantitative component is based on a pre-experimental study with a single group and pre- and post-test measurements. Patients with multimorbidity with a medium or high level of complexity were included in the study. A sample of 317 patients and their caregivers was estimated. Following the completion of the intervention, a descriptive study that explored the perspective of nurses, patients and caregivers was developed to better understand the process and results from their own words and experience. A total of 17 dyads of patients and caregivers were interviewed, as well as six nurse managers. The integration strategy was developed based on a comparison made from the perspective of multiple stakeholders. RESULTS: The model's impact on quality of life, particularly in terms of social functioning and mental health, has been documented. Caregiver overload was reduced and an improvement in the adoption of the role was observed, aspects that converge with the experience of the dyads and the caregivers in the support and backing provided by the model. CONCLUSION: The intervention was structured in five modules: case detection, complexity screening, comprehensive assessment with various instruments, individualized care and follow-up plan, and plan assessment. The nurse manager role is confirmed as that of a professional with the leadership capacity to articulate disciplines and actors, whilst also dealing with the day-to-day needs of people with complex health conditions. IMPACT: A comprehensive and integrated approach to patients with multiple diseases in a health insurance context marked by access barriers and fragmentation of health services. The study provides quantitative and qualitative evidence of the benefits of the case management model in Colombia for patients with multiple diseases and their family caregivers, particularly in terms of the psychosocial dimensions of health-related quality of life and dependence assessment. A significant impact on the caregiver role, as well as an improvement in perception and trust in the health system, was observed as a result of the overcoming of administrative barriers achieved by the nurse case manager. The findings are considered to be extremely useful for decision-makers and insurers in developing a case management model focused on comprehensive and individualized care plans, as well as for individuals with multiple diseases and their caregivers.

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RESUMEN Los cambios fisiológicos, hormonales e inmunes causados por el embarazo pueden predisponer a mayor riesgo de complicaciones infecciosas, en especial en infecciones odontogénicas. La angina de Ludwig es una complicación infecciosa rápidamente progresiva que afecta al suelo de la cavidad bucal, generalmente secundaria a abscesos de segundos y terceros molares mandibulares que posteriormente se extiende a los espacios submandibular, sublingual y submentoniano. Si no es tratada rápida y adecuadamente puede tener consecuencias mortales, como obstrucción de las vías aéreas altas y sepsis. Su aparición durante el embarazo está asociada a mayor riesgo de morbilidad perinatal severa, en la mayoría de los casos secundaria a hipoxia tisular. El tratamiento es la administración de antibióticos de amplio espectro y, en algunos casos, descompresión quirúrgica de las zonas afectadas. Pero es necesario considerar los potenciales efectos adversos fetales del manejo. Es fundamental reforzar la importancia de la buena salud bucodental de la embarazada para evitar esta complicación. Se presenta un caso de angina de Ludwig durante el embarazo.

ABSTRACT Physiological, hormonal and immune changes caused by pregnancy may predispose to increased risk of infectious complications, especially in odontogenic infections. Ludwig's angina is a rapidly progressive infectious complication affecting the floor of the oral cavity, usually secondary to abscesses of mandibular second and third molars that subsequently spreads to the submandibular, sublingual and submental spaces. If not treated quickly and adequately it can have fatal consequences, such as upper airway obstruction and sepsis. Its occurrence during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of severe perinatal morbidity, in most cases secondary to tissue hypoxia. Treatment consists of the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics and, in some cases, surgical decompression of the affected areas. But it is necessary to consider the potential adverse fetal effects of management. It is essential to reinforce the importance of good oral health of the pregnant woman to avoid this complication. A case of Ludwig's angina during pregnancy is presented.

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BACKGROUND: Hospitalization is a moment of extreme vulnerability for frail older adults. There is scarce evidence on the effectiveness of geriatric co-management or transitional care interventions in Latin America. AIMS: To assess whether geriatric co-management combined with an interdisciplinary transitional care intervention could reduce 30-day hospital readmission rate compared to usual care in hospitalized frail older patients in a tertiary hospital in Argentina. METHODS: Single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Usual care treatment arm: all procedures performed during hospitalization were overseen by a senior internal medicine specialist and complied with pre-defined protocols. Patients had access to specialist care if needed, as well as hospital-at-home or home-based primary care services after discharge. Intervention treatment arm: in addition to usual care, a geriatric co-management team performed a comprehensive geriatric assessment during hospitalization, provided tailored recommendations to minimize geriatric syndromes and planned transition of care. A health and social care counselor oversaw continuity of care in patients' homes after discharge. RESULTS: We included 120 participants in each of the intervention and usual care (control) arms. Thirty-day hospital readmissions were 47.7% lower in the intervention arm (18.3% vs 35.0%; P = 0.040); and emergency room visits within the first 6 months after discharge were 27.8% lower (43.3% vs 60.0%; P = 0.010). There was a non-statistically significant decrease in 6-month mortality in the intervention arm (25.0% vs 35.0%; P = 0.124). CONCLUSION: Geriatric co-management of frail older patients during hospitalization combined with an interdisciplinary transitional care intervention reduced 30-day hospital readmissions and emergency visits 6 months after discharge. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Trial registration number: RENIS IS003081.

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RESUMO Objetivo: comparar o efeito da intervenção por enfermeira gerente de caso nos fatores de risco e na pressão arterial de pessoas pós Acidente Vascular Cerebral. Método: estudo quase experimental realizado durante seis meses com 14 pacientes pós Acidente Vascular Cerebral no sul do Brasil. A intervenção com gerenciamento de caso foi constituída por consultas de enfermagem, ações educativas individualizadas e encaminhamentos a outros profissionais, operacionalizadas em três visitas domiciliares e seis contatos telefônicos. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se a estatística descritiva e teste de Fisher, com nível de significância de p≤0,05. Resultados: observou-se redução do tabagismo (p=0,0414), ingestão de bebida alcoólica (p=0), do consumo de sódio (p=0,0024), gordura (p=0,0027), carboidrato (p=0,0203) e açúcar (p=0,0111), aumento da prática de atividade física (p=0,0382) e redução não significativa dos níveis pressóricos. Conclusão: O gerenciamento de caso conduzido por enfermeiro é uma estratégia válida para acompanhar pessoas em recuperação de acidente vascular cerebral.

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the effect of intervention by nurse-case manager on risk factors and blood pressure in post-stroke people. Method: quasi-experimental study conducted over six months with 14 post-stroke patients in southern Brazil. The intervention with case management consisted of nursing consultations, individualized educational actions and referrals to other professionals, operationalized in three home visits and six telephone contacts. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and Fisher's test were used, with a significance level of p≤0.05. Results: Reduction of smoking (p=0.0414), alcohol intake (p=0), sodium consumption (p=0.0024), fat (p=0.0027), carbohydrate (p=0.0203) and sugar (p=0.0111), increased physical activity (p=0.0382) and non-significant reduction of blood pressure levels were observed. Conclusion: Nurse-led case management is a valid strategy to follow people recovering from stroke.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comparar el efecto de la intervención de la enfermera gestora de casos sobre los factores de riesgo y la presión arterial en personas que han sufrido un accidente cerebrovascular. Método: estudio cuasi experimental realizado a lo largo de seis meses con 14 pacientes post ictus en el sur de Brasil. La intervención con gestión de casos consistió en consultas de enfermería, acciones educativas individualizadas y derivaciones a otros profesionales, operativas en tres visitas domiciliarias y seis contactos telefónicos. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó la estadística descriptiva y la prueba de Fisher, con un nivel de significación de p≤0,05. Resultados: se observó una reducción del consumo de tabaco (p=0,0414), de la ingesta de bebidas alcohólicas (p=0), del consumo de sodio (p=0,0024), de la gordura (p=0,0027), de los carbohidratos (p=0,0203) y del azúcar (p=0,0111), un aumento de la práctica de la actividad física (p=0,0382) y una reducción no significativa de los niveles de presión. Conclusión: El manejo de casos, conducido por el enfermero, es una estrategia válida para acompañar a las personas en la recuperación de la acidez vascular cerebral.

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RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: Digital health system tools to support shared decision making and preparation for kidney replacement treatments for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are needed. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive study of the implementation of digital infrastructure to support a patient-centered health system intervention. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: 4 CKD clinics within a large integrated health system. EXPOSURE: We developed an integrated suite of digital engagement tools to support patients' shared decision making and preparation for kidney failure treatments. Tools included an automated CKD patient registry and risk prediction algorithm within the electronic health record (EHR) to identify and prioritize patients in need of nurse case management to facilitate shared decision making and preparation for kidney replacement treatments, an electronic patient-facing values clarification tool, a tracking application to document patients' preparation for treatments, and an EHR work flow to broadcast patients' treatment preferences to all health care providers. OUTCOMES: Uptake and acceptability. ANALYTIC APPROACH: Mixed methods. RESULTS: From July 1, 2017, through June 30, 2018, the CKD registry identified 1,032 patients in 4 nephrology clinics, of whom 243 (24%) were identified as high risk for progressing to kidney failure within 2 years. Kidney Transitions Specialists enrolled 117 (48%) high-risk patients by the end of year 1. The values tool was completed by 30/33 (91%) patients who attended kidney modality education. Nurse case managers used the tracking application for 100% of patients to document 287 planning steps for kidney replacement therapy. Most (87%) high-risk patients had their preferred kidney replacement modality documented and displayed in the EHR. Nurse case managers reported that the tools facilitated their identification of patients needing support and their navigation activities. LIMITATIONS: Single institution, short duration. CONCLUSIONS: Digital health system tools facilitated rapid identification of patients needing shared and informed decision making and their preparation for kidney replacement treatments. FUNDING: This work was supported through a Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) Project Program Award (IHS-1409-20967). TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02722382.

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OBJECTIVES: To synthesize the best available evidence regarding the effectiveness of nursing case management in primary health care, compared to usual care, in improving blood pressure in adults over 18 years with hypertension. METHODS: Systematic review that includes studies carried out with adult patients diagnosed with hypertension, with or without other concomitant chronic diseases, followed-up by a case manager nurse, who evaluated the effectiveness of case management in the improvement of blood pressure. A critical evaluation of the studies was made and the results of interest were described using the instruments and tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Due to the heterogeneity of the included studies, the results of similar measures were not grouped in statistical meta-analysis. A narrative and tabular format was used to synthesize and present them. RESULTS: Six randomized controlled trials were critically evaluated and included in the review. The total sample was 1963 participants. The results showed the outcomes compared at baseline and at the end of follow-up (six or twelve months). Regarding the main outcome, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, there was some reduction in the group followed-up through case management in studies lasting six months; however, the impossibility of comparing the findings poses limitations to answering the questions in this review. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the heterogeneity of the studies, the narrative and tabular analysis demonstrated that short-term case management in primary care (six-month studies) helped to reduce blood pressure levels, although the level of evidence for these results is low or very low.

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RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender la experiencia de Enfermeras y tomadores de decisión frente a la implementación del modelo de gestión de casos en la atención de pacientes pluripatológicos y sus cuidadores familiares. Método: estudio descriptivo cualitativo con enfermeras y profesionales tomadores de decisión, Bogotá - Colombia. Análisis de contenido de diarios de campo y entrevistas semiestructuradas en 2019-2020. Procesamiento y análisis de datos con ATLAS-Ti. Resultados: participaron seis enfermeras y dos profesionales tomadores de decisión. Categorías emergentes: Percepción de enfermería sobre el sujeto de cuidado pluripatológico y su entorno social; Experiencia de cuidado enfermero en la gestión de casos: rol, aportes y dificultades; Implementación del modelo de gestión de casos en el contexto colombiano: implementación, efecto y rol de los prestadores. Conclusión: La gestora de casos requiere experiencia y competencias para comunicarse adecuadamente. La gestión de casos mejora calidad de vida, adherencia terapéutica, utilización de servicios sanitarios y reduce la sobrecarga.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender a experiência de Enfermeiros e tomadores de decisão na implementação do modelo de gerenciamento de caso no cuidado a pacientes com pluripatologias e seus cuidadores familiares. Método: estudo descritivo qualitativo com enfermeiras e profissionais tomadores de decisão, Bogotá - Colômbia. Análise de conteúdo de diários de campo e entrevistas semiestruturadas em 2019-2020. Processamento e análise de dados com ATLAS-Ti. Resultados: participaram seis enfermeiras e dois profissionais tomadores de decisão. Categorias emergentes: Percepção da enfermagem sobre a temática do cuidado patológico múltiplo e seu meio social; Experiência assistencial de enfermagem no gerenciamento de casos: papéis, contribuições e dificuldades; Implementação do modelo de gestão de casos no contexto colombiano: implementação, efetivação e papel dos profissionais. Conclusão: Os gestores de casos requer experiência e habilidades para se comunicar adequadamente. O gerenciamento de casos melhora a qualidade de vida, a adesão terapêutica, a utilização de serviços de saúde e reduz a sobrecarga.

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the experience of nurses and decision-makers when implementing the case management model in the care of patients with multimorbidity and their family caregivers. Method: Qualitative descriptive study including nurses and decision-makers and conducted in Bogotá, Colombia. Content analysis of field journals and semi-structured interviews carried out in 2019-2020 was performed. ATLAS-TI was used for data processing and analysis. Results: Six nurses and two decision-makers participated in the study. The following categories emerged: Nursing perception of care provided to patents with multimorbidity and their social environment; Nursing care experience in case management: role, contributions, and difficulties; and Implementation of the case management model in the Colombian context: implementation, impact, and role of providers. Conclusion: The case manager requires experience and skills to communicate properly. Case management improves quality of life, therapeutic adherence, use of health services and reduces overload.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the perception of post-stroke patients on the case management conducted by nurses. Method: Qualitative descriptive study with 13 post-stroke patients, followed-up with case management conducted by a nurse for six months, and interviewed at home one month after the end of the follow-up. The interviews were recorded, transcribed in full and analyzed with the help of a software. Results: Of the 13 participants, 57.14% were men and 50% were between 50 and 59 years. Content analysis resulted in three categories: "Self-management of care", which addressed changes in attitudes towards treatment, mainly due to concern of recurrence in a short period of time; "Sequelae and late repercussions of the stroke", which presents participants' difficulties after the event; and "Support received after a stroke", which emphasizes the actions and attitudes of the case manager nurse during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Case management was perceived by the participant as a health-promoting tool capable of increasing treatment adherence.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar la percepción de personas que han sufrido un Accidente Cerebrovascular sobre la gestión del caso realizada por un enfermero. Método: Se trata de una investigación cualitativa descriptiva, llevada a cabo entre 13 participantes que sufrieron un Accidente Cerebrovascular, cuyo seguimiento fue gestionado por un enfermero durante seis meses y que fueron entrevistados en sus domicilios un mes después de haberse terminado el seguimiento. Las entrevistas se grabaron y se transcribieron en su totalidad y se analizaron con la ayuda de programas informáticos Resultados: De los 13 participantes, el 57,14% era del sexo masculino y el 50% tenía una edad comprendida entre los 50 y los 59 años. El análisis del contenido dio como resultado tres categorías: "Autogestión del cuidado", que se refiere a los cambios de actitud hacia el tratamiento, principalmente por el miedo a una recidiva en un período corto; la segunda trata de las "Secuelas y repercusiones tardías del Accidente Cerebrovascular", que presenta las dificultades de los participantes después del hecho, y la tercera se refiere al "Apoyo recibido después del Ictus", que hace hincapié en las acciones y actitudes del enfermero gestor del caso durante el período de seguimiento. Conclusión: La gestión del caso fue percibida por el participante como una herramienta de promoción de la salud, capaz de aumentar la adhesión al tratamiento.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a percepção de pessoas pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral acerca do gerenciamento de caso conduzido pelo enfermeiro. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, com 13 participantes pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral, acompanhados pelo gerenciamento de caso conduzido por enfermeiro durante seis meses e entrevistados em seus domicílios um mês após do término do acompanhamento. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas na íntegra e analisadas com auxílio de software. Resultados: Dos 13 participantes, 57,14% eram homens, 50% com idade variando de 50 a 59 anos. A análise do conteúdo resultou em três categorias: "Autogestão do cuidado", referente às modificações de atitudes em relação ao tratamento, devido principalmente ao medo de recidiva em curto período de tempo; "Sequelas e repercussões tardias do Acidente Vascular Cerebral", que apresenta as dificuldades dos participantes após o evento; e "Apoio recebido pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral", que enfatiza as ações e atitudes do enfermeiro gerente de caso no período de acompanhamento. Conclusão: O gerenciamento de caso foi percebido pelo participante como uma ferramenta promotora de saúde e capaz de aumentar a adesão ao tratamento.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the perception of post-stroke patients on the case management conducted by nurses. Method: Qualitative descriptive study with 13 post-stroke patients, followed-up with case management conducted by a nurse for six months, and interviewed at home one month after the end of the follow-up. The interviews were recorded, transcribed in full and analyzed with the help of a software. Results: Of the 13 participants, 57.14% were men and 50% were between 50 and 59 years. Content analysis resulted in three categories: "Self-management of care", which addressed changes in attitudes towards treatment, mainly due to concern of recurrence in a short period of time; "Sequelae and late repercussions of the stroke", which presents participants' difficulties after the event; and "Support received after a stroke", which emphasizes the actions and attitudes of the case manager nurse during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Case management was perceived by the participant as a health-promoting tool capable of increasing treatment adherence.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar la percepción de personas que han sufrido un Accidente Cerebrovascular sobre la gestión del caso realizada por un enfermero. Método: Se trata de una investigación cualitativa descriptiva, llevada a cabo entre 13 participantes que sufrieron un Accidente Cerebrovascular, cuyo seguimiento fue gestionado por un enfermero durante seis meses y que fueron entrevistados en sus domicilios un mes después de haberse terminado el seguimiento. Las entrevistas se grabaron y se transcribieron en su totalidad y se analizaron con la ayuda de programas informáticos Resultados: De los 13 participantes, el 57,14% era del sexo masculino y el 50% tenía una edad comprendida entre los 50 y los 59 años. El análisis del contenido dio como resultado tres categorías: "Autogestión del cuidado", que se refiere a los cambios de actitud hacia el tratamiento, principalmente por el miedo a una recidiva en un período corto; la segunda trata de las "Secuelas y repercusiones tardías del Accidente Cerebrovascular", que presenta las dificultades de los participantes después del hecho, y la tercera se refiere al "Apoyo recibido después del Ictus", que hace hincapié en las acciones y actitudes del enfermero gestor del caso durante el período de seguimiento. Conclusión: La gestión del caso fue percibida por el participante como una herramienta de promoción de la salud, capaz de aumentar la adhesión al tratamiento.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a percepção de pessoas pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral acerca do gerenciamento de caso conduzido pelo enfermeiro. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, com 13 participantes pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral, acompanhados pelo gerenciamento de caso conduzido por enfermeiro durante seis meses e entrevistados em seus domicílios um mês após do término do acompanhamento. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas na íntegra e analisadas com auxílio de software. Resultados: Dos 13 participantes, 57,14% eram homens, 50% com idade variando de 50 a 59 anos. A análise do conteúdo resultou em três categorias: "Autogestão do cuidado", referente às modificações de atitudes em relação ao tratamento, devido principalmente ao medo de recidiva em curto período de tempo; "Sequelas e repercussões tardias do Acidente Vascular Cerebral", que apresenta as dificuldades dos participantes após o evento; e "Apoio recebido pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral", que enfatiza as ações e atitudes do enfermeiro gerente de caso no período de acompanhamento. Conclusão: O gerenciamento de caso foi percebido pelo participante como uma ferramenta promotora de saúde e capaz de aumentar a adesão ao tratamento.

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RESUMEN Introducción: el tratamiento de dientes incluidos es uno de los problemas que se presentan en pacientes que requieren tratamiento de Ortodoncia. Presentación del caso: paciente de 10 años, con antecedentes de salud que acude a la consulta de Ortodoncia por presentar alteraciones en el brote de los incisivos superiores. Al examen bucal presenta dentición mixta con ausencia clínica de 21. En rayos X panorámico se observa 21 retenido asociado a diente supernumerario. El tratamiento de elección fue la combinación ortodóncica quirúrgica. Conclusiones: con un manejo interdisciplinario adecuado, mediante técnicas innovadoras y económicas, se logró llevar el diente al arco dentario, corregir líneas medias, restablecer la estética y la función en un caso poco común por su localización en los dientes centrales, que, al ser más visibles, puede afectar estética y psicológicamente a los niños en su interacción con el medio social.

ABSTRACT Introduction: the treatment of impacted teeth is one of the problems that arise in patients requiring orthodontic treatment. Case Report: a 10-year-and-5-month patient having a health history comes to the orthodontic office for presenting alterations in the eruption of the upper incisors. On the oral examination she presented mixed dentition with clinical absence of 21 and the panoramic x-rays showed the retention of the 21 which is associated with a supernumerary tooth. The treatment of choice was the surgical orthodontic combination. Conclusions: with an appropriate interdisciplinary management, leaving the traditional way, and by means of innovative along with economic techniques, it was possible to bring the tooth to the dental arch, correct midlines, reestablish esthetics and function in an uncommon case due to its location in the central teeth, which, being more visible, can affect esthetically and psychologically the children in their interaction with the social environment.

RESUMO

Se expone un caso clínico de una paciente de 88 años cursando una hospitalización domiciliaria de larga estadía, por múltiples lesiones por presión, tras su seguimiento presenta una merma en su recuperación, por lo que un profesional de enfermería de hospitalización domiciliaria realiza una visita domiciliaria integral que evidencia múltiples elementos que precisan un abordaje holístico de la situación. Para su abordaje se utilizó el marco teórico de Virginia Henderson, que facilitó la elección del diagnóstico en la cuidadora de Cansancio del rol de cuidador, lo cual permitió que la situación lograra ser abordada satisfactoriamente. CONCLUSIÓN: se relevó la importancia de un manejo holístico en las lesiones por presión, que debe considerar la dimensión social en la que está inmerso el paciente, junto a un manejo interdisciplinario, preparación profesional y abordaje precoz del probable impacto económico en estos pacientes.

A clinical case of an 88-year-old patient undergoing a long-term home hospitalization due to multiple pressure injuries is presented. After follow-up, she presents a decline in her recovery, so a home hospitalization nursing professional performs a comprehensive home visit that shows multiple elements that require a holistic approach to the situation. For its approach, the theoretical framework of Virginia Henderson was used, which facilitated the choice of the diagnosis in the caregiver of Tiredness from the caregiver role, which allowed the situation to be satisfactorily addressed. CONCLUSION: the importance of a holistic management of pressure injuries was highlighted, which must consider the social dimension in which the patient is immersed, together with an interdisciplinary management, professional preparation, and an early approach to the probable economic impact on these patients.

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Introducción: El Centro Nacional de Toxicología de Cuba, supervisa y controla la información de eventos atribuibles a la inmunización, vacunación e intoxicaciones con medicamentos y plaguicidas. Los casos que llegan al centro, se justifican mayormente por el uso de plaguicidas que tienen un alto nivel de toxicidad y riesgo de muerte. Los especialistas en toxicología, requieren facilidad para revisar las hojas de seguridad, el listado oficial de plaguicidas autorizados en Cuba y los casos anteriores. Esto permite analizar y emitir un diagnóstico, que salve la vida del afectado. Objetivo: Presentar un sistema para la gestión y el análisis de los casos intoxicados por plaguicidas. Métodos: El desarrollo se sustentó en la metodología de software Extreme Programming, modelado con la herramienta CASE Visual Paradigm 8.0 y lenguaje UML 2.0. Se utilizó Java con NetBeans 8.0.2 y como gestor de base de datos PostgreSQL 9.3. Resultados: Se desarrolló una herramienta de gestión de la información toxicológica, así como una base de casos de los síntomas, plaguicidas y diagnóstico por plaguicida. Los especialistas en toxicología cuentan con una herramienta de apoyo a la toma de decisiones, que reduce la ocurrencia de errores humanos(AU)

Introduction: The Cuban National Toxicology Center supervises and controls the information of events attributable to immunization, vaccination and poisonings with medications and pesticides. The cases that arrive at the center are mainly justified by the use of pesticides that have a high level of toxicity and risk of death. Specialists in toxicology require ease to review the safety sheets, the official list of authorized pesticides in Cuba and the above cases. This allows analyzing and issuing a diagnosis that saves the life of the affected person. Objective: To present a system for the management and analysis of cases poisoned by pesticides. Methods: The development was based on the Extreme Programming software methodology, modeled with the CASE Visual Paradigm 8.0 tool and the UML 2.0 language. Java was used with NetBeans 8.0.2 and as PostgreSQL 9.3 database manager. Results: A toxicological information management tool was developed, as well as a case database of symptoms, pesticides and pesticide diagnosis. Toxicology specialists have a decision support tool that reduces the occurrence of human errors(AU)

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ABSTRACT Objective: to map and synthesize the strategies implemented for case management in transitional care for patients with complex needs in emergency services. Method: a scoping review conducted under the Joanna Briggs Institute guidance. Twenty-three studies were analyzed, with different methodological designs, on the strategies used in case management involving adult and elderly populations in emergency services. Results: the main strategies employed were patient risk stratification screening/identification, care management plan, coordination of care through multidisciplinary activities, support for the transition process, continuous patient monitoring, and follow-up. Final considerations: these strategies used structured approaches to care in emergency services to promote support for self-management and effective transitional care for people with complex needs, ensuring comprehensiveness, coordination, and continuity of care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: mapear y sintetizar las estrategias implementadas para el manejo de casos en la atención de transición de pacientes con necesidades complejas en los servicios de emergencia. Método: una scoping review realizada según los supuestos metodológicos del Instituto Joanna Briggs y de Levac, Colquhoun y O'Brien. Se analizaron 23 estudios, con diferentes diseños metodológicos, sobre las estrategias utilizadas en el manejo de casos en poblaciones de adultos y ancianos, en el contexto de los servicios de emergencia. Resultados: las principales estrategias empleadas fueron: seguimiento/identificación del paciente y estratificación del riesgo; plan de gestión de la atención; coordinación de la atención a través de actividades multiprofesionales; apoyo para el proceso de transición; monitoreo continuo y seguimiento del paciente. Consideraciones finales: estas estrategias utilizaron enfoques de atención estructurada en los servicios de emergencia, para promover el apoyo para el autocontrol y la atención de transición efectiva para las personas con necesidades complejas, asegurando la integralidad, coordinación y continuidad de la atención.

RESUMO Objetivo: mapear e sintetizar as estratégias implementadas para o gerenciamento de caso no cuidado transicional de pacientes com necessidades complexas nos serviços de emergência. Método: scoping review conduzido segundo os pressupostos metodológicos do Instituto Joanna Briggs. Foram analisados 23 estudos, com diferentes delineamentos metodológicos, sobre as estratégias empregadas no gerenciamento de casos envolvendo populações adultas e idosas, no contexto dos serviços de emergência. Resultados: as principais estratégias empregadas foram: rastreamento/identificação e estratificação de risco do paciente; plano de gerenciamento do cuidado; coordenação do cuidado por meio da atuação multiprofissional; apoio ao processo de transição; monitoramento e seguimento contínuo do paciente. Considerações finais: essas estratégias utilizaram abordagens estruturadas do cuidado nos serviços de emergência, para promover o apoio ao autogerenciamento e o efetivo cuidado transicional de pessoas com necessidades complexas, garantindo a integralidade, coordenação e continuidade do cuidado.