RESUMO

Little is known about the interaction between the inoculation of diazotrophic bacteria, the variety, and the substrate used in inoculated sugarcane seedling production. Bearing this in mind, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diazotrophic bacteria inoculation, four sugarcane varieties and four different substrates on the growth and nitrogen accumulation of sugarcane seedlings. Parameters related to sprouting, height, and root growth, as well as nitrogen accumulation, were evaluated. The results indicate that inoculating sugarcane seedlings belonging to the following varieties: RB867515, RB92579, RB966928 and RB975932 with bacteria may increase sprouting speed index, height, root length, fresh and dry matter weight, as well as nitrogen accumulation, which has resulted in a more uniform stem diameter. However, the responses to inoculation differ from variety to variety and are also dependent on the substrate used with better results observed in the commercial substrate and the substrate mixtures containing a higher proportion of organic compost. Understanding the interaction between the variety and the substrate with the bacterial inoculation is essential to the success of the production of inoculated sugarcane seedlings.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Little is known about the interaction between the inoculation of diazotrophic bacteria, the variety, and the substrate used in inoculated sugarcane seedling production. Bearing this in mind, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diazotrophic bacteria inoculation, four sugarcane varieties and four different substrates on the growth and nitrogen accumulation of sugarcane seedlings. Parameters related to sprouting, height, and root growth, as well as nitrogen accumulation, were evaluated. The results indicate that inoculating sugarcane seedlings belonging to the following varieties: RB867515, RB92579, RB966928 and RB975932 with bacteria may increase sprouting speed index, height, root length, fresh and dry matter weight, as well as nitrogen accumulation, which has resulted in a more uniform stem diameter. However, the responses to inoculation differ from variety to variety and are also dependent on the substrate used with better results observed in the commercial substrate and the substrate mixtures containing a higher proportion of organic compost. Understanding the interaction between the variety and the substrate with the bacterial inoculation is essential to the success of the production of inoculated sugarcane seedlings.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de doses de cinzas em diferentes substratos no enraizamento de estacas de manjericão (Ocimum basilicum). O experimento foi conduzido em área do Núcleo de Capacitação e Pesquisa da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, em Belém. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, constituído pelas combinações entre os fatores substratos (casca de arroz carbonizada e casca de castanha triturada) e acréscimo de cinzas (5 mL e 10 mL de cinza de casca de arroz, 5 mL e 10 mL de cinza de casca de castanha e sem cinza) com 4 repetições. Cada unidade experimental foi constituída por 10 estacas, num total de 400 estacas. Foram avaliadas as características percentual de enraizamento de estacas, número e comprimento de raízes. Não houve interações significativas entre os fatores avaliados (substrato e cinzas). Entre as características avaliadas o substrato casca de arroz carbonizada apresentou diferenças apenas no comprimento da raiz e no número de raízes, enquanto as dosagens de cinzas apresentaram diferenças apenas no percentual de enraizamento. O trabalho permitiu concluir que as dosagens de cinzas apresentaram efeito positivo sobre o enraizamento das estacas de manjericão, assim como o substrato a base de casca de arroz carbonizada propiciou melhores condições para o desenvolvimento das raízes. Assim, a casca de arroz é uma alternativa totalmente viável, pois além de apresentar características apropriadas para o enraizamento também possui baixo custo de aquisição, estando ao alcance de muitos produtores.

The study aimed to evaluate the influence of ash doses on different substrates on the stem rooting of basil (Ocimum basilicum). The experiment was conducted in the area of core training and research at the Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, in Belém, used a completely randomized design, factorial scheme 2 x 5 consisting of the combinations of the factors substrate (carbonized rice husk and bark brown ground) and increase ash (5 mL and 10 mL of rice husk ash 5 mL and 10 mL of husk ash and brown bark no gray) with four repetitions. Each experimental unit consisted of 10 cuttings, a total of 400 cuttings. Was evaluated the characteristics percentage of rooting, number and length of roots. There was no significant interaction between the factors evaluated (substrate and ash). Among the characteristics evaluated the carbonized rice showed only differences in root length and root number, while the levels of ash showed only differences in rooting percentage. The study revealed that the dosages of ash had a positive effect on rooting of cuttings of basil, as well as the substrate prepared with rice hulls provided the best conditions for root development. Thus, the rice husk is an alternative, as well as presenting features suitable for rooting also has a low cost of acquisition, being within reach of many producers.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The present work had the aim of evaluating the rooting of herbaceous cuttings of VR 43-43 grapevine rootstocks with three IBA concentrations (0; 1,000 and 2,000 mg.L-1) and two substrates (vermiculite and carbonized rice husk). A randomized design was used in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement with five replications and 10 cuttings per plot. The appraised variables were: percentage of leaf retention, percentage of rooted cuttings; number of roots; length of roots (cm); percentage of sprouting, percentage of alive cuttings; mass of dry and fresh matter of the roots for each cutting (g). There was only influence of the substrate in the fresh and dry mass of the roots, with the largest averages observed for the carbonized rice husk. For the IBA doses, it was verified the highest survival percentage and percentage of rooted cuttings in the control group (without IBA application) and with IBA at 1,000 mg.L-1. There were no significant differences for the interaction between substrate and IBA application. Carbonized rice husk is suitable for the rooting of herbaceous cuttings of VR 43-43 rootstocks, not being necessary the IBA application.

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o enraizamento de estacas herbáceas do porta-enxerto de videira VR 43-43 em três concentrações de AIB (0, 1000 e 2000 mg.L-1) e dois  substratos (vermiculita e casca de arroz carbonizada). O delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 3 com cinco repetições e 10 estacas por parcela. As variáveis avaliadas foram: porcentagem de retenção foliar, porcentagem de estacas enraizadas; número de raízes por estaca; comprimento de raízes (cm); porcentagem brotação, porcentagem de estacas vivas; massa de matéria seca e fresca das raízes por estaca (g). Houve influência do substrato apenas na massa fresca e seca das raízes, com as maiores médias observadas para a casca de arroz carbonizada. Para as doses aplicadas de AIB, foi verificada maior porcentagem de sobrevivência e porcentagem de estacas enraizadas no grupo controle (sem aplicação de AIB) e com aplicação de 1.000 mg.L-1. Não houve diferença significativa na interação entre substrato e aplicação de AIB. Conclui-se que a casca de arroz carbonizada é indicada para o enraizamento de estacas herbáceas do porta-enxerto VR 43-43, não sendo necessária a aplicação de AIB.

RESUMO

The present work had the purpose of evaluating the efficiency of different substrata by vegetal origin, to grow species of orchids (Orchidaceae). Seedlings of Cattleya intermedia X Hadrolaelia purpurata, obtained by in vitro culture, and acclimated, with medium height of 5 cm, had the following substrata: 1- Defibered xaxim (control); 2- Carbonized rice husk; 3- Coconut fiber; 4- Husk pínus; 5- Carbonized rice husk + Coconut fiber (1:1); 6- Carbonized rice husk + Husk pínus (1:1); 7- Coconut fiber + Husk pinus (1:1); 8- Husk pínus + Carbonized rice husk + Coconut fiber (1:1:1). A randomized design with eight treatments and ten replications. Results were submited to Variance Analysis and Tukey Test at 5 %. Growing parameters evaluated after 17 months were: root length, roots number, height of above ground, buds number, leaves number, leaf length, leaf width, total fresh mass and root volume. Determinated substrata parameters were: pH, eletric conductivity and density. All studied substratum can be recommended to substitute xaxim but, coconut fiber was least efficient to develop roots and aerial parts of plants. Better results were showed by substratum only with carbonized rice husk + husk pine on culture of Cattleya intermedia X Hadrolaelia purpurata.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de diferentes substratos de origem vegetal no cultivo de espécies de orquídeas. Plântulas de Cattleya intermedia X Hadrolaelia purpurata, provenientes de cultivo in vitro, aclimatizadas e com altura média de 5 cm, foram plantadas nos substratos: 1-Xaxim desfibrado (testemunha); 2-Casca de arroz carbonizada; 3-Fibra de coco; 4-Casca de pínus; 5-Casca de pínus + Fibra de coco (1:1); 6-Casca de arroz + Fibra de coco (1:1); 7-Casca de arroz carbonizada + Casca de pínus (1:1); 8-Casca de pínus + Casca de arroz carbonizada + Fibra de coco (1:1:1). O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado com oito tratamentos e dez repetições. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à Análise de Variância e Teste de Tukey a 5%. Os parâmetros de crescimento avaliados aos 17 meses foram: comprimento da raiz, número de raízes, altura da planta, número de brotos, número de folhas, comprimento da folha, largura da folha, massa fresca total e volume radicular. Os parâmetros dos substratos foram: potencial hidrogeniônico, condutividade elétrica e densidade. Conclui-se que todos os substratos testados podem ser recomendados para substituição do xaxim com destaque o substrato casca de arroz + casca de pínus, porém, o substrato constituído por fibra de coco foi o menos eficiente para o desenvolvimento vegetativo das plantas no cultivo do hí

RESUMO

The present work had the purpose of evaluating the efficiency of different substrata by vegetal origin, to grow species of orchids (Orchidaceae). Seedlings of Cattleya intermedia X Hadrolaelia purpurata, obtained by in vitro culture, and acclimated, with medium height of 5 cm, had the following substrata: 1- Defibered xaxim (control); 2- Carbonized rice husk; 3- Coconut fiber; 4- Husk pínus; 5- Carbonized rice husk + Coconut fiber (1:1); 6- Carbonized rice husk + Husk pínus (1:1); 7- Coconut fiber + Husk pinus (1:1); 8- Husk pínus + Carbonized rice husk + Coconut fiber (1:1:1). A randomized design with eight treatments and ten replications. Results were submited to Variance Analysis and Tukey Test at 5 %. Growing parameters evaluated after 17 months were: root length, roots number, height of above ground, buds number, leaves number, leaf length, leaf width, total fresh mass and root volume. Determinated substrata parameters were: pH, eletric conductivity and density. All studied substratum can be recommended to substitute xaxim but, coconut fiber was least efficient to develop roots and aerial parts of plants. Better results were showed by substratum only with carbonized rice husk + husk pine on culture of Cattleya intermedia X Hadrolaelia purpurata.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de diferentes substratos de origem vegetal no cultivo de espécies de orquídeas. Plântulas de Cattleya intermedia X Hadrolaelia purpurata, provenientes de cultivo in vitro, aclimatizadas e com altura média de 5 cm, foram plantadas nos substratos: 1-Xaxim desfibrado (testemunha); 2-Casca de arroz carbonizada; 3-Fibra de coco; 4-Casca de pínus; 5-Casca de pínus + Fibra de coco (1:1); 6-Casca de arroz + Fibra de coco (1:1); 7-Casca de arroz carbonizada + Casca de pínus (1:1); 8-Casca de pínus + Casca de arroz carbonizada + Fibra de coco (1:1:1). O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado com oito tratamentos e dez repetições. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à Análise de Variância e Teste de Tukey a 5%. Os parâmetros de crescimento avaliados aos 17 meses foram: comprimento da raiz, número de raízes, altura da planta, número de brotos, número de folhas, comprimento da folha, largura da folha, massa fresca total e volume radicular. Os parâmetros dos substratos foram: potencial hidrogeniônico, condutividade elétrica e densidade. Conclui-se que todos os substratos testados podem ser recomendados para substituição do xaxim com destaque o substrato casca de arroz + casca de pínus, porém, o substrato constituído por fibra de coco foi o menos eficiente para o desenvolvimento vegetativo das plantas no cultivo do hí

RESUMO

Physical and chemical characterizations were done for five materials [soil, sand, peat SCv, carbonized rice husk (CRH) and decomposed acacia (Acacia mearnsii) bark after tannin extraction (DAB)] and some of their mixtures [soil + sand (1:1), soil + sand + CRH (1:1:1), soil + sand + DAB (1:1:1), peat + CRH (2:1), peat + DAB (2:1)], trying to identify which of them could be used as growing substrates for potted fruit and flower plant crops. The following properties were analyzed: water pH, salinity, cation extange capacity (CEC), organic carbon levels, dry density, total porosity, air space, available water, remaining water and particles distribution. The growing media "peat SCv + DAB" showed upper chemical and physical properties for the horticultural purposes defined.

Realizou-se a caracterização química e física de cinco materiais [solo, areia, turfa SCv, casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC) e resíduo decomposto de casca de acácia (RDCA)] e de algumas de suas misturas [solo + areia (1:1), solo + areia + CAC (1:1:1), solo + areia + RDCA (1:1:1), turfa SCv + CAC (2:1), turva SCv + RDCA (2:1)] para verificar quais deles podem melhor adequar-se ao uso como substratos para produção de mudas frutíferas e de flores em recipientes. Foram avaliadas as seguintes características: pH em água (pH), teor total de sais solúveis (TTSS), capacidade de troca de cátions (CTC), teor de carbono orgânico (Corg.),. densidade seca (DS), porosidade total (PT), espaço de aeração (EA), água disponível (AD), água remanescente (AR) e distribuição do tamanho de partículas. O substrato turfa SCv + RDCA apresentou características químicas e físicas superiores para o uso hortícola.

RESUMO

Physical and chemical characterizations were done for five materials [soil, sand, peat SCv, carbonized rice husk (CRH) and decomposed acacia (Acacia mearnsii) bark after tannin extraction (DAB)] and some of their mixtures [soil + sand (1:1), soil + sand + CRH (1:1:1), soil + sand + DAB (1:1:1), peat + CRH (2:1), peat + DAB (2:1)], trying to identify which of them could be used as growing substrates for potted fruit and flower plant crops. The following properties were analyzed: water pH, salinity, cation extange capacity (CEC), organic carbon levels, dry density, total porosity, air space, available water, remaining water and particles distribution. The growing media "peat SCv + DAB" showed upper chemical and physical properties for the horticultural purposes defined.

Realizou-se a caracterização química e física de cinco materiais [solo, areia, turfa SCv, casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC) e resíduo decomposto de casca de acácia (RDCA)] e de algumas de suas misturas [solo + areia (1:1), solo + areia + CAC (1:1:1), solo + areia + RDCA (1:1:1), turfa SCv + CAC (2:1), turva SCv + RDCA (2:1)] para verificar quais deles podem melhor adequar-se ao uso como substratos para produção de mudas frutíferas e de flores em recipientes. Foram avaliadas as seguintes características: pH em água (pH), teor total de sais solúveis (TTSS), capacidade de troca de cátions (CTC), teor de carbono orgânico (Corg.),. densidade seca (DS), porosidade total (PT), espaço de aeração (EA), água disponível (AD), água remanescente (AR) e distribuição do tamanho de partículas. O substrato turfa SCv + RDCA apresentou características químicas e físicas superiores para o uso hortícola.