RESUMO
Calcium is an essential micronutrient that plays a role in growing and pregnancy, and its necessity is increased during pregnancy in adolescence. Thus, the aim of the study is to describe the daily calcium intake and its associations with dietetic habits, sociodemographic data and perinatal outcomes among pregnant adolescents. A prospective cohort study was conducted among primiparous adolescents who started prenatal care before 20 weeks of gestation. Sociodemographic data, weight and height, 24-h dietary recall (24hRec) and perinatal outcomes were collected over four meetings (three during pregnancy and one in puerperium). All 24hRecs were analysed by the Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR)® programme, and descriptive analysis and univariate and multivariate logistic regression were done. A total of 150 pregnant adolescents were included, with a mean of daily calcium intake of 659.9 mg (50% of recommended intake). Adolescents who ate more than three meals per day (89.3%), and ate breakfast every day (69.3%), were shown to have higher daily calcium intake, odds ratio (OR CI 95%) of 3.4 (1.0, 11.0) and 16.8 (1.0, 302.1), respectively. No correlation was observed between calcium daily intake and sociodemographic data or perinatal outcomes. Dairy products were the foods that mostly contributed to achieving recommended daily calcium intake. In our cohort, pregnant adolescents had a low daily calcium intake. They should be advised to eat more than three meals per day, eat breakfast in particular, increase the consumption of calcium rich-foods, such as dairy products and green leafy vegetables, and consider calcium supplementation.
Assuntos
Desjejum , Cálcio , Adolescente , Estudos Transversais , Dieta , Ingestão de Energia , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Refeições , Gravidez , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Introducción. El desayuno proporciona la energía y los nutrientes necesarios que permiten un óptimo rendimiento físico e intelectual. Objetivo. Conocer la frecuencia del desayuno, los factores que condicionan el hábito y su omisión, la calidad del desayuno y la colación en los niños de escuelas públicas de la ciudad de Santa Fe. Población y métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se evaluaron 637 alumnos mediante una encuesta estructurada de respuestas cerradas. Resultados El 75% de los niños desayunaban diariamente; solo 1,6% realizaban un desayuno de buena calidad. Consumir el desayuno todos los días o a veces no dependía de la compañía de un familiar. De 1°a 5° grado la frecuencia semanal dependió de que algún familiar lo preparara (p= 0,04). La causa principal de omisión del desayuno fue la falta de tiempo. El 23% de los alumnos de 6°-7° grado manifestaron sentir malestar al desayunar. Más del 50% de los niños miraban televisión mientras desayunaban. La mayoría de los alumnos de 1° a 3er grado consumieron un desayuno de mejorable (41%) e insufciente calidad (41%). En los alumnos de 4° y 5° grado predominó el de insufciente calidad (50%). En el grupo de 6° y 7° grado fue notable el consumo de desayuno de mala calidad (16%). En muy pocos niños la colación resultó apropiada para completar la calidad fnal del desayuno. Conclusiones. Si bien se encontró un alto porcentaje de escolares que tienen el hábito de desayunar, la mayoría lo hacen de forma incompleta. Muy pocos logran completar la calidad del desayuno con los alimentos ingeridos a media mañana.(AU)
Introduction. Breakfast provides the necessary energy and nutrients to achieve an optimal physical and mental performance. Objective. To fnd out breakfast frequency, factors that influence breakfast habit and skipping, breakfast quality and snack intake in children from public schools in the city of Santa Fe. Population and Methods. Descriptive, cross-sectional study. A total of 637 students were assessed using a closed-ended question survey. Results. Seventy fve percent of children had breakfast on a daily basis; only 1.6% had a good quality breakfast. Eating breakfast every day or some days did not depend on having the company of a family member. In the case of frst to ffth grade children, the weekly frequency depended on having a family member who made it (p= 0.04). The main cause for skipping breakfast was lack of time. Twenty-three percent of children in sixth and seventh grade indicated feeling unwell when having breakfast. More than 50% of children watched television while having breakfast. Most students in frst to third grade had breakfast that could be improved (41%) and which was insufficient (41%). An insufficient quality breakfast was more common among fourth and ffth grade students (50%). A remarkable piece of information is the number of sixth and seventh grade children who had a poor quality breakfast (16%). Very few children had a snack that was appropriate to supplement the fnal quality of breakfast. Conclusions. Although a high percentage of school-aged children are used to having breakfast, most have an incomplete breakfast. Very few manage to supplement their breakfast with snacks at mid-morning.(AU)
Assuntos
Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Desjejum , Comportamento Alimentar , Argentina , Estudos Transversais , Valor Nutritivo , Setor Público , Instituições Acadêmicas , Estudantes , População UrbanaRESUMO
Introducción. El desayuno proporciona la energía y los nutrientes necesarios que permiten un óptimo rendimiento físico e intelectual. Objetivo. Conocer la frecuencia del desayuno, los factores que condicionan el hábito y su omisión, la calidad del desayuno y la colación en los niños de escuelas públicas de la ciudad de Santa Fe. Población y métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se evaluaron 637 alumnos mediante una encuesta estructurada de respuestas cerradas. Resultados El 75% de los niños desayunaban diariamente; solo 1,6% realizaban un desayuno de buena calidad. Consumir el desayuno todos los días o a veces no dependía de la compañía de un familiar. De 1°a 5° grado la frecuencia semanal dependió de que algún familiar lo preparara (p= 0,04). La causa principal de omisión del desayuno fue la falta de tiempo. El 23% de los alumnos de 6°-7° grado manifestaron sentir malestar al desayunar. Más del 50% de los niños miraban televisión mientras desayunaban. La mayoría de los alumnos de 1° a 3er grado consumieron un desayuno de mejorable (41%) e insufciente calidad (41%). En los alumnos de 4° y 5° grado predominó el de insufciente calidad (50%). En el grupo de 6° y 7° grado fue notable el consumo de desayuno de mala calidad (16%). En muy pocos niños la colación resultó apropiada para completar la calidad fnal del desayuno. Conclusiones. Si bien se encontró un alto porcentaje de escolares que tienen el hábito de desayunar, la mayoría lo hacen de forma incompleta. Muy pocos logran completar la calidad del desayuno con los alimentos ingeridos a media mañana.
Introduction. Breakfast provides the necessary energy and nutrients to achieve an optimal physical and mental performance. Objective. To fnd out breakfast frequency, factors that influence breakfast habit and skipping, breakfast quality and snack intake in children from public schools in the city of Santa Fe. Population and Methods. Descriptive, cross-sectional study. A total of 637 students were assessed using a closed-ended question survey. Results. Seventy fve percent of children had breakfast on a daily basis; only 1.6% had a good quality breakfast. Eating breakfast every day or some days did not depend on having the company of a family member. In the case of frst to ffth grade children, the weekly frequency depended on having a family member who made it (p= 0.04). The main cause for skipping breakfast was lack of time. Twenty-three percent of children in sixth and seventh grade indicated feeling unwell when having breakfast. More than 50% of children watched television while having breakfast. Most students in frst to third grade had breakfast that could be improved (41%) and which was insufficient (41%). An insufficient quality breakfast was more common among fourth and ffth grade students (50%). A remarkable piece of information is the number of sixth and seventh grade children who had a poor quality breakfast (16%). Very few children had a snack that was appropriate to supplement the fnal quality of breakfast. Conclusions. Although a high percentage of school-aged children are used to having breakfast, most have an incomplete breakfast. Very few manage to supplement their breakfast with snacks at mid-morning.