RESUMO
Abstract Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is an uncommon disease with unknown etiology characterized by the presence of multiple gas-filled cysts within the submucosa or subserosa of the intestinal wall. Pneumoperitoneum and/or intestinal perforation are complications that may be associated with pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. The patients are often prone to misdiagnosis or mistreatment.We are presenting a case of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis in a 42 year-old woman affected by peritoneal free air and numerous, diffuse, bubble-like intramural gas collections into the jejunum and ileum, showed in CT-enterography images. The woman had a carcinoid tumor located in jejunum two years ago, treated with enterectomy. Recent complaints of nonspecific symptoms of abdominal discomfort and diarrhea motivated the realization of CT scan, serum chromogranin and urine 5-hidroxindolacetic acid for hypothesis of tumor carcinoid recurrence withdraw. The only change found was the presence of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis in CT-enterography images without intestinal necrosis, bleeding or evident obstruction. For that reason no surgical procedure was realized and the patient stayed on surveillance. Actually, the patient complaints are sporadic abdominal discomfort, without pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis clinical evidence. Conclusion: The treatment plan of patient with PCI depends on underlying cause and clinical condition severity. When conservative treatment is adopted the clinical evolution of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is unpredictable and can even disappear in an indeterminate number of patients.
Resumo A pneumatose cistoide intestinal é uma doença incomum, de etiologia desconhecida, caracterizada pela presença de múltiplos cistos preenchidos com gás na submucosa ou subserosa da parede intestinal. O pneumoperitoneu e/ou a perfuração intestinal são complicações que podem estar associadas à pneumatose cistoide intestinal. Os pacientes geralmente estão sujeitos a erros de diagnóstico ou de tratamento.Apresentamos um caso de pneumatose cistoide intestinal em paciente do sexo feminino, 42 anos de idade, com ar livre peritoneal e numerosas coleções gasosas intramurais, difusas e semelhantes a bolhas no jejuno e íleo, visualizados em imagens de enterografia por tomografia computadorizada (TC). Há dois anos, a paciente teve um tumor carcinoide localizado no jejuno que foi tratado com enterectomia. As queixas recentes de sintomas inespecíficos, desconforto abdominal e diarreia motivaram a realização da TC e exame de cromogranina sérica e ácido 5-hidroxindolacético na urina para excluir a hipótese de recorrência do tumor carcinoide. A única alteração encontrada foi a presença de pneumatose cistoide intestinal em imagens de enterografia por TC sem necrose intestinal, sangramento ou obstrução evidente. Por esse motivo, nenhum procedimento cirúrgico foi realizado, e a paciente permaneceu em observação. Atualmente, a queixa da paciente é de desconforto abdominal esporádico, sem evidência clínica de pneumatose cistoide intestinal. Conclusão: O plano de tratamento de pacientes com PCI depende da causa subjacente e da gravidade da condição clínica. Quando o tratamento conservador é adotado, a evolução clínica da pneumatose cistoide intestinal é imprevisível e pode até desaparecer em alguns pacientes.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Pneumatose Cistoide Intestinal , Pneumatose Cistoide Intestinal/diagnóstico , Pneumatose Cistoide Intestinal/terapiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ultrasound (US) markers predictive of complex gastroschisis (CG), mortality, and morbidity in fetuses with gastroschisis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of 186 pregnancies with isolated fetal gastroschisis. Eight US markers were analyzed. The predictions and associations of US markers with CG, mortality, and morbidity were assessed. Combinations of US markers predictive of CG were investigated. RESULTS: Extra-abdominal bowel dilatation (EABD), intra-abdominal bowel dilatation (IABD), and polyhydramnios were predictive of CG. EABD between 25 and 28 weeks had a sensitivity of 64%, a specificity of 89%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 56.2%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 91.8%. The predictions of IABD were sensitivity = 26.7%, specificity = 96.7%, PPV = 61.5%, and NPV = 86.8%. The odds ratios for CG in the presence of 1 and 2 US markers, compared with the absence of a US marker, were 18.3 (95% CI, 3.83-87.64) and 73.3 (95% CI, 6.14-876), respectively. CONCLUSION: US markers predictive of CG were established. The combination of these markers increases the probability of CG.