RESUMO
Efforts have been directed to the development of environmentally friendly processes and manufacturing of green products, use of renewable energy and more sustainable agricultural practices. Pyroligneous acid (PA) is a byproduct of biomass pyrolysis that consists of a complex mixture of bioactive substances. The complexity and richness of PA composition have opened a window for PA application in agriculture and mitigation of environmental pollution. This review brings a brief historical on the use of PA and regulatory policies adopted in Brazil, China, Japan and Thailand for PA application in agriculture. The composition and stability of PAs of several origins are presented, together with a discussion of the use of PA to boost plant growth and crop productivity, remove toxic metals from soil, inhibit soil ureases, mitigate the emission of greenhouse gases, control phytopathogen proliferation and weed dissemination. A great variety of biomass types are reported as feedstock to produce PA with distinct chemically diverse and active substances at wide-ranging concentrations. PA has been shown to successfully improve farming practices in a more sustainable fashion. The disclosure of the mechanisms of action that drive the PA's effects, together with the pursue of safety and efficacy data in a case-by-case way to address toxicity and shelf stability, will be valuable to expand the use of PA worldwide for food production.
Assuntos
Agricultura , Solo , Biomassa , Solo/química , TerpenosRESUMO
Abstract The main aim of this paper pivoted around the influence of some parameters relevant to biomass pyrolysis on the numerical solutions of the nth order distributed activation energy model (DAEM) using the Gamma distribution. The upper limit of 'dE' integral, frequency factor, reaction order, and the shape and rate parameters of the Gamma distribution are investigated. Analysis of the mathematical model is done with the help of asymptotic expansion.
Resumen El propósito principal de este artículo gira en torno de la influencia que tienen ciertos parámetros relacionados con la pirólisis de biomasa sobre las soluciones numéricas del modelo de energía de activación distribuida (MEAD) de orden n, usando la distribución Gamma. Se estudian el límite superior de la integral 'dE', el factor de frecuencia, el orden de reacción, y los parámetros de forma y velocidad de la distribución Gamma. El análisis del modelo matemático es realizado con ayuda de una expansión asintótica.
Resumo O objetivo principal deste artigo gira em torno da influencia de certos parâmetros relacionados à pirólise de biomassa nas soluções numéricas do modelo de energia de ativação distribuída (MEAD) de orden n, usando a distribuição Gamma. São estudados o limite superior da integral 'dE', o fator de frequência, a ordem da reação, e os parâmetros de forma e velocidade da distribuição Gamma. A análise do modelo matemático é realizada com a ajuda de uma expansão assintótica.