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Three new species of Cymbiapophysa Gabriel & Sherwood, 2020 are described from south, central, and north-western Ecuador, showing the wide range of distribution that this genus has in Ecuador and its biogeographical provinces. These three new species are easily differentiated from other congeners based on keel morphology of the male palpal bulb. Supplementary information about the locality of C.magna Sherwood, Gabriel, Brescovit & Lucas, 2021 is provided, alongside additional data on morphology and some commentaries about the general distribution and biogeography of Cymbiapophysa. Additionally, a taxonomic key for males of Cymbiapophysa species is presented, based on the palpal bulb morphology.
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Resumen En este trabajo describimos la estructura del nido de Phyllotis andium Thomas, 1912 en un matorral seco interandino al sur de la provincia del Azuay en Ecuador y el uso de un pasto introducido en su fabricación. Se presentan también observaciones sobre sociabilidad y abundancia de esta especie. Estos datos proporcionan nueva información sobre las relaciones intraespecíficas de estos roedores y su historia natural.
Abstract In this work, we describe the structure of the nest of Phyllotis andium Thomas, 1912 in an inter-Andean dry scrub in the south of the Azuay province in Ecuador, and the use of an introduced grass in their manufacture. Observations on sociability and abundance of this species are also presented. These data provide new information on the intraspecific relationships of these rodents and their natural history.
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Resumen La familia Vespertilionidae está ampliamente distribuida en América del Sur. En Ecuador habitan 20 especies incluyendo a Myotis riparius. Esta especie ha sido registrada entre 10 y 1240 metros de elevación en las estribaciones de la cordillera de los Andes. En este trabajo reportamos dos nuevas localidades para el sur del Ecuador las cuales incluyen los registros de mayor elevación para la especie e incrementan 1077 metros el límite altitudinal conocido en Ecuador.
Abstract The Vespertilionidae family is widely distributed in South America. In Ecuador, there are 20 species including Myotis riparius. The species has been recorded between 10 to 1240 m a.s.l. on the both eastern and western sides of the Andes cordillera. In this work we reported two new localities for southern Ecuador which include the highest records for the species and increasing in 1077 m the limit elevation previously known in Ecuador.
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Despite environmental regulations in Ecuador, particularly in the Province of Azuay, the solid waste final disposal management is still a socio-environmental problem, worsened by weak governance processes. The province has three sanitary landfills with almost expired service lives. The site selection was based on circumstantial reasons, which makes landfills more likely to cause environmental pollution and, therefore, have negative implications for public health. The largest landfill serves Cuenca and also leases service to other small cities. The remaining two are small and, accordingly, have limited technology and fewer resources. In this context, the main aim of this study is to evaluate the terrain of the province to find the most suitable area for landfill siting. A multi-criteria decision analysis, integrated with a geographical information system and analytical hierarchy process methodology, was conducted. Fourteen factors and seven constraints were simultaneously analysed, divided into technical, environmental, social, and economic categories; 15 of these criteria were from the Ecuadorian Unified Text of the Secondary Legislation of the Environmental Ministry. According to the results, 76.17% of the territory is not suitable for landfill implementation, and the unrestricted area represents the remaining 23.83%. The highest landfill suitability index (70-81%) is located in the south of the province in Santa Isabel, Oña, and Nabón cantons, which are dry and clay-rich areas.
Assuntos
Eliminação de Resíduos , Instalações de Eliminação de Resíduos , Cidades , Técnicas de Apoio para a Decisão , Equador , Sistemas de Informação GeográficaRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de episiotomía en pacientes primigestas y su relación con factores como edad materna, talla materna, peso y perímetro cefáli-co del recién nacido; en pacientes que acuden al Hos-pital Vicente Corral Moscoso, del cantón Cuenca, pro-vincia del Azuay durante el año 2014; y evaluar si existe disminución de esta intervención obstétrica, luego de la implantación de la normativa del Ministerio de Salud Pública de restringir la episiotomía. METODOLOGÍA: Se realizó un estudio de prevalencia analítico en un universo de 3 798 parturientas, la mues-tra lo componen 580 primigestas que acudieron al cen-tro obstétrico del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, se utilizaron formularios de recolección de datos, para levantar la información; los datos obtenidos se analiza-ron en el paquete estadístico SPSS 21 y Microsoft Excel 14.4.8. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de episiotomía fue del 35.5%. Se encontró significancia estadística en la edad menor de 19 años, el peso del recién nacido mayor a 3000 gramos y el perímetro cefálico del recién nacido mayor a 33 centímetros; no se encontró significancia es-tadística entre talla materna menor a 145 centímetros y la realización de episiotomía. CONCLUSIÓN: La prevalencia de episiotomía en el Hos-pital Vicente Corral Moscoso fue del 35.5%, valor inferior a los datos en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Isidro Ayora de Quito (42.6%) y a otros estudios a nivel mundial. Es mayor de lo recomendado por la Organización Mun-dial de la Salud (20%).
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of episiotomy in primigravida patients and their relation to factors such as maternal age, maternal size, newborn weight, cephalic perimeter of the newborn, in patients who attend at Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital in Cuenca, Province of Azuay during the year 2014; and evaluate if there is a decrease in this obstetric intervention after the implementation of the Ministry of Public Health regulations to restrict episiotomy. METHODOLOGY: An analytical prevalence study was carried out in a universe of 3,798 parturient women. The sample consisted of 580 primigravida patients who came to the obstetrical center of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, data collection forms were used to collect the information. The obtained data were analyzed in the statistical package SPSS 21 and Microsoft Excel 14.4.8.RESULTS: The prevalence of episiotomy was 35.5%. A statistical significance was found in the age less than 19 years, the newborn weight superior than 3000 grams and the cephalic perimeter of the newborn is greater than 33 centimeters; no statistical significance was found between maternal size, which is less than 145 centimeters, and the performance of episiotomy. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of episiotomy at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital was 35.5%, lower than the data at the Isidro Ayora Gynecological-Obstetric Hospital in Quito (42.6%) and other studies worldwide; it is higher than recommended by the World Health Organization (20%).