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This article describes the evolving landscape of medical education in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing the renewed importance of public health, mental well-being, and career choices among medical students. The pandemic has prompted a significant shift in medical student's career aspirations, highlighting the need for mental health support mechanisms within the medical education framework. Medical students' career choices are influenced directly and indirectly by the challenges and experiences of the pandemic era, which are discussed in this article under four key themes: traditional values, global health interests and disparities, developing trends, and digital healthcare. There is an urgent need to adjust medical training to the new reality and share the future directions of the medical education landscape by embracing diverse career paths in medicine, integrating technology into medical training, adapting to the changing context of medicine, and strengthening collaboration and communication. The pandemic underscores the importance of evidence-based patient care, necessitating the preparation of tomorrow's doctors to address the emerging healthcare challenges with resilience, adaptability, and a comprehensive understanding of both local and global health challenges.

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This study explored the relationship between pedagogical practices and the civic knowledge and engagement of students from five Latin American and Caribbean countries, using a multilevel analysis of the 2016 International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS). The results reveal the complex interplay of educational, sociodemographic, and attitudinal factors in shaping the civic knowledge and engagement of students. Extracurricular civic engagement showed a negative correlation with student civic knowledge and engagement as measured by the ICCS cognitive test. However, civic learning in school positively related to cognitive abilities, emphasizing the importance of integrating civic learning into the curriculum. Interestingly, students' educational aspirations emerged as a significant factor shaping their civic engagement, suggesting a strategy to foster high educational aspirations to enhance cognitive performance. Additionally, gender dynamics were evident in civic education, with girls consistently outperforming boys in all participating countries. The correlation between home literacy resources and test scores illuminated the significant role of home environments in academic achievement. Lastly, students' attitudes towards political participation had a notable connection to civic knowledge outcomes, presenting an exciting avenue for future research. Collectively, these findings underscore the need for a comprehensive approach to civic education and further research to refine effective strategies.

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Using a novel panel survey of relatively poor urban Peruvian adolescents, we explore the link between educational aspirations and propensity to invest in the future. Aspirations comprise hope and agency. We find remarkably high educational aspirations, even among relatively poor individuals and adolescents who were exposed to negative shocks, suggesting high levels of resilience. We also find high occupational aspirations and aspirations to migrate. High-aspiration respondents were also more likely to invest in their education and avoid risky behaviors. These are associations as we do not have enough data to establish causality, although we were able to control for within-person traits. Aspirations are stable over time and positively associated with personality traits such as self-efficacy and life satisfaction, which help explain their persistence over time. Our findings complement those of other recent studies that highlight the role of personality traits in addition to cognitive skills in long-term educational, health, and socioeconomic outcomes.

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Innovation is often seen as essential for ventures to succeed. High business failure rates in entrepreneurship, however, suggest that innovations are frequently driven by entrepreneurs blinded by overconfidence. Thus, anticipating when and why entrepreneurs will be motivated to innovate is fundamental for entrepreneurial success. Using a large sample obtained from population surveys conducted in 77 countries, this study analyzes the variables that are significantly associated with innovative behaviors. The research tests a model proposing that the joint effects of hubris, growth aspirations, and an entrepreneur's level of entrepreneurial experience have a crucial impact on innovative endeavors. It finds that hubris is significantly related to entrepreneurs' growth aspirations and that ambition, in turn, is positively related to innovative behaviors. In addition, the study finds that both relationships are moderated by the level of entrepreneurial experience. These findings highlight the need to wise up amateur entrepreneurs before they embark on innovative endeavors.

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This study based on the self-determination theory aims to examine the relationship among the aspirations that fathers have about their children's youth baseball practice, the children's basic psychological needs (satisfaction and frustration), and their intentions to either continue or drop out of baseball practice in a sample of children from Hermosillo, Mexico. A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 533 fathers (M = 44.30, SD = 5.18) and 533 children (M = 13.09, SD = 1.68). The results showed that the intrinsic aspirations of fathers were positively correlated to the satisfaction of the children's psychological needs, whereas the extrinsic aspirations of fathers were positively correlated with the frustration of the children's psychological needs. Satisfaction of basic psychological needs was positively correlated with the intention to continue and negatively correlated with dropout; on the contrary, frustration of basic psychological needs was negatively correlated with the intention to continue and positively with dropout. In conclusion, the fathers' pursuit of intrinsic aspirations for their children in the youth baseball context satisfies the children's basic psychological needs, and in turn, their intention to continue practicing increases. Conversely, when a father pursues extrinsic aspirations for his son in youth baseball, the child will feel his basic psychological needs frustrated, and he will have a greater intention to drop out. Overall, this study extends the existing sport-scientific literature by confirming the impact of parents' aspirations on their children's basic psychological needs and intention to continue being baseball players.

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A qualidade de vida no trabalho (QVT) e o engajamento no trabalho (EGT) têm se mostrado importantes no alcance de resultados na carreira, embora pouco estudados em contextos de transição. Este estudo teve dois objetivos: 1) verificar a existência de diferenças de percepção de QVT e de EGT entre indivíduos que passaram ou não por uma transição de carreira; 2) investigar o impacto da QVT sobre o EGT para os dois grupos de trabalhadores. Os 221 participantes residiam no Sul do Brasil, com idade média=31,52 anos (dp=8,85). Os resultados indicaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos e efeito positivo da QVT sobre o EGT, também com diferenças em relação aos fatores da QVT que promovem o EGT.

Quality of working life (QWL) and work engagement (WE) have been shown to be important in achieving caree9r results, although little studied in transition contexts. This study had two objectives: 1) to verify the existence of differences in the perception of QWL WE between individuals who have or have not gone through a career transition; 2) to investigate the impact of QWL on EGT for both groups of workers. The 221 participants lived in South of Brazil, with an average age=31.52 years (sd=8.85). The results indicated statistically significant differences between the groups and the positive effect of QWL on WE also with differences in relation to the QWL factors that promote WE.

La calidad de vida en el trabajo (CVT) y el compromiso en el trabajo (CT) han demostrado ser importantes para lograr resultados de carrera, aunque poco estudiados en contextos de transición. Este estudio tenía dos objetivos: 1) verificar la existencia de diferencias en la percepción de CVT y de CT entre individuos que han experimentado o no una transición de carrera; 2) investigar el impacto de CVT en CT para ambos grupos de trabajadores. Los 221 participantes vivían en el sur de Brasil, con una edad promedio = 31.52 años (sd = 8.85). Los resultados indicaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos y el efecto positivo de CVT sobre CT, también con diferencias en relación con los factores de CVT que promueven EGT.

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Following a neo-Durkheimian perspective, major sporting events such as the World Cup or the America's Cup differ from other collective rituals because they promote interest throughout the nation due to their massiveness and international character. In order to increase the scientific knowledge related to these type of rituals, the aim of this study was to observe the effects that the Chilean victory in the 2016 Copa América Centenario had on social variables such as trust, self-transcendent aspirations, and evaluated subjective well-being (SWB) of both fans and non-fans. In addition, two longitudinal structural equation models (SEMs) were performed to estimate the effect of identity with the national team before the final match on evaluated SWB, trust, and self-transcendent aspirations post-final. A total of 648 Chilean participants (mean age = 38.58; SD = 10.96) answered the questionnaire before the final match. Out of these, 409 completed our measures after the final. The results show that fans presented higher scores in many of the studied variables before and after the final compared to non-fans. Identification with the national team (before the final) prospectively and significantly predicted pride in the national team and pride in the country (after the final). In addition, these two forms of collective pride mediated the relationship between identification with the national team (before the final) and evaluated SWB (after the final). The results are discussed emphasizing the importance of these kinds of specific massive rituals and their effects.

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Life aspirations are considered one of the most relevant components for human beings to give meaning and purpose to their existence. Different studies emphasized the relevance of intrinsic life aspirations to promote life satisfaction. However, few studies analyze the specific role of the intrinsic aspirations that have been recently categorized as self-transcendent. Self-transcendent aspirations are focused on helping others and improving society and, consequently, are considered aspirations whose purpose transcends oneself. In this sense, the objective of this study is to observe how self-transcendent aspirations are related to life satisfaction through dispositional gratitude. Additionally, we aim to study the moderating role of cognitive and affective empathy. There were 1,356 students (mean age = 21.5, standard deviation = 2.35 years) who took part in a scholarship program funded by the Education Ministry of Peru (PRONABEC), of which 57.7% were men and 42.3% were women. Results show a strong relationship between self-transcendent aspirations, gratitude, and cognitive and affective empathy. In the mediation analysis, an indirect effect of self-transcendent aspirations is observed on life satisfaction via gratitude. However, the moderated mediation showed that the addition of cognitive and affective empathy conditions the mediation effect. In this way, cognitive empathy has a significant interaction in the relationships between self-transcendent aspirations and gratitude, and between self-transcendent aspirations and life satisfaction. Results are discussed to emphasize the relevance of the mediating and moderating mechanisms considered in this study for the understanding of how self-transcendent life aspirations may promote life satisfaction.

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Prestar serviços de consultoria em empresas pode ser uma alternativa para idosos que desejam permanecer ativos no mercado de trabalho. Este estudo qualitativo e exploratório tem por objetivo compreender certas percepções e atitudes atribuídas pelo idoso em seu processo laboral como consultor em empresas. Participaram desta investigação oito idosos consultores que atuavam em empresas de grande porte, selecionados por meio da técnica metodológica qualitativa intitulada "bola-de-neve". Foi elaborado e aplicado um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturada. Os resultados foram analisados a partir da análise temática e interpretados por teorias psicológicas a partir da percepção de desenvolvimento do idoso. Evidencia-se que muitos idosos permanecem trabalhando por se identificarem com a atividade e levarem em consideração as motivações financeiras para seguir na atuação laboral. A consultoria apresenta desafios como qualquer profissão, sendo uma opção viável para alguns idosos se manterem no mercado de trabalho. No entanto, este cargo só está disponível para uma parcela específica de idosos. Outras opções de inserção no mercado de trabalho e seus impactos no bem estar precisam ainda ser investigadas.

Providing consulting services in companies can be an alternative for seniors who wish to remain active in the job market. This qualitative and exploratory study aimed to understand elderly people's perceptions and attitudes regarding their work as a consultant in enterprises. Participants were composed of eight elderly people who worked as consultants in large companies, selected for the study through the "snowball" technique. A semi-structured interview script was elaborated and applied. The results were analyzed according to thematic analysis and interpreted by psychological theories of elderly development. Older people remain working due to self identification with the activity and financial motivations. Working as a consultant brings challenges like any other job, but is a feasible option for some seniors who want to stay in the labor market. However, this position is not available for all elderly people. Other options of remaining in the labor market and their impacts on well-being still need to be investigated.

Proporcionar servicios de consultoría en las empresas puede ser una alternativa para las personas mayores que desean mantenerse activas en el mercado laboral. Este estudio cualitativo y exploratorio tiene como objetivo comprender ciertas percepciones y actitudes atribuidas por los adultos mayores en sus procesos laborales como consultor en empresas. Participaran de esta investigación ocho consultores mayores que trabajaban en grandes empresas, seleccionados por medio de la técnica metodológica intitulada "bola de nieve". Fue elaborado y aplicado un guión de entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados fueron analizados a partir del análisis temático e interpretado por teorías psicológicas a través de la percepción del desarrollo de los ancianos. Es evidente que muchas personas mayores siguen trabajando debido a la identificación que tienen con las actividades involucradas en sus trabajos y llevaren en consideración las motivaciones financieras. La consultoría presenta desafíos como cualquier profesión y es una opción viable para algunos adultos mayores para permanecer en el mercado laboral. Sin embargo, esta posición solo está disponible para una parte específica de los ancianos. Todavía hay que investigar otras opciones de inserción en el mercado de trabajo y sus impactos en el bien estar de trabajador.

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Este artigo objetiva apresentar o processo de caracterização de professores de Educação Física em busca de referenciais para o desenho da formação continuada. Partiu-se da análise dos motivos para a escolha da profissão, da percepção de necessidades de formaçãoe das aspirações profissionais. Participaram 14 professores de um município do interior de São Paulo, Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos pela aplicação de questionário e submetidos à construção de categorias analíticas. Os resultados demonstram: os motivos para a escolha da profissão foram majoritariamente sustentados por valores intrínsecos, representativos dos traços da personalidade; a percepção de necessidades de formação enfatiza as dificuldades, sobretudo, em demandas da prática pedagógica; as aspirações profissionais indicam direções para o fortalecimento da identidade da disciplina. Mediante os processos de historicidade pessoal e profissional inerentes à análise, as recomendações se dão no sentido de explorar os contextos de vida e de profissão dos professores para proposição de ações de formação contextualizadas e diferenciadas.

This article aims to show the Physical education's teachers characterization process towards for references the continuing education. That is understand able from the analysis of the reasons for choosing the career, the perception of training needs and the professional aspirations. The 14 participants were teachers of Physical Education from São Paulo states, Brazil. The data were collected from questionnaires and processed in analysis categories. The results show: the reasons for the career choice were mostly based on intrinsic values, which represent the personality traits; the perception of the training needs are based on their difficulties, mainly the ones related to their teaching practice; the professional aspirations indicate directions for the empowerment of the subject's identity. With the process of the personal and the professional historicity, the recommendations indicated that is necessary to explore the contexts of teacher's life and career to offer contextualized and differentiated continuing education ways.

Este artículo objetiva presentar el proceso de caracterización de los maestros de Educación Física en busca de referencias hacia el diseño de la educación continua. Partió del análisis de los motivos para elegir la profesión, la percepción de las necesidades de formación y las aspiraciones profesionales. Participaron 14 maestros de un municipio del interior de São Paulo, Brasil. Los datos advindo de la aplicación de un cuestionario se presentaron con construcción de categorías analíticas. Los resultados muestran: las razones para elegir la profesión están basadas principalmente en los valores intrínsecos, representativos de los rasgos de personalidad; la percepción de las necesidades de formación enfatiza las dificultades, sobre todo, en las demandas de la práctica pedagógica; Las aspiraciones profesionales indican direcciones para fortalecer la identidad de la disciplina. Por médio de los procesos de historicidad personal y profesional intrínsecos al análisis, se dan las recomendaciones para explorar los contextos de la vida y la profesión de los maestros para proponer acciones formativas contextualizadas y diferenciadas.

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A literatura de carreira junto a universitários cotistas é escassa e carece de maior exploração quanto aos facilitadores e obstáculos no processo formativo desses. Objetivou-se compreender como cotistas de uma universidade federal do sul do Brasil percebem o seu desenvolvimento de carreira no percurso universitário. Realizou-se um estudo de casos múltiplos com 10 discentes de três áreas - humanas, saúde, tecnológica. Os dados passaram por análise de conteúdo. Identificaram-se crenças relativas ao ensino superior como possibilidade de ascensão social, satisfação acadêmica impulsionada pela inserção em atividades extracurriculares, dificuldades de participação nessas últimas e perspectivas de carreira voltadas para a pós-graduação. Discute-se o impacto da elitização da configuração universitária no desenvolvimento de carreira de universitários em situação de maior vulnerabilidade acadêmica e/ou socioeconômica.

Career literature with quota students is scarce and needs further exploration as to the facilitators and obstacles in their training process. The objective was to understand how quota holders of a federal university in southern Brazil perceive their career development throughout their university course. A multiple case study was conducted with 10 students from three áreas - humanities, health, technological. The data underwent content analysis. It was identified that higher education creates a belief of social ascension, the insertion in extracurricular activities drives that academic satisfaction, and the difficulty of participation on the latter and perspectives on careers at graduate studies. It was also discussed the impact of the elitization in the university configuration on the career development of university students in situations of academic and socioeconomic vulnerability.

La literatura de carrera en relación a estudiantes con el beneficio de cuotas escolres es escasa y requiere una mayor exploración en cuanto a los facilitadores y los obstáculos en su proceso de formación El objetivo de esta investigación fue comprender cómo los estudiantes con cuotas de una universidad federal en el sur de Brasil perciben su desarrollo profesional en el trascurso de la carrera. Se realizó un estudio de casos múltiples con 10 estudiantes de tres áreas: humanos, salud y tecnología. Los datos se sometieron a análisis de contenido. La creencia relacionada con la educación superior se identificó como una posibilidad de avance social, satisfacción académica impulsada por la inserción en actividades extracurriculares, dificultades de participación en estas últimas y perspectivas de carrera dirigidas a estudios de posgrado. Se discute el impacto de la elitización de la configuración universitaria en el desarrollo profesional de los estudiantes universitarios en situaciones de mayor vulnerabilidad académica y/o socioeconómica.

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O Modelo de Carreira Caleidoscópica descreve como os indivíduos alteram o desenho de suas carreiras e tomam decisões profissionais segundo os parâmetros de Autenticidade, Balanço e Crescimento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi adaptar e apresentar evidências de validade da Escala de Parâmetros da Carreira Caleidoscópica em uma amostra de 272 profissionais brasileiros, utilizando o procedimento de análise fatorial confirmatória, com método de estimação da máxima verossimilhança. A versão final do instrumento apresentou 19 itens, distribuídos nos fatores previstos, com os indicadores de confiabilidade ômega: Autenticidade (ω = ,66), Balanço (ω = ,78) e Crescimento (ω = ,79). Comparou-se os resultados segundo as características sociodemográficas dos participantes, reforçando a possibilidade de aplicação da teoria para o aconselhamento de carreira.

The Kaleidoscopic Career Model describes how individuals alter the design of their careers and make professional decisions according to the parameters of Authenticity, Balance and Challenge. This study aimed to adapt and present validity evidence of the Kaleidoscopic Career Parameter Scale in a sample of 272 Brazilian professionals, using the procedure of confirmatory factorial analysis, with a maximum likelihood estimation method. The final version of the instrument presented 19 items, distributed in the predicted factors, with the omega reliability indicators: Authenticity (ω =, 66), Balance (ω =, 78) and Growth (ω =, 79). Finally, the results were compared according to the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants, reinforcing the possibility of applying the theory for career counseling.

El Modelo de Carrera Caleidoscópica describe cómo los individuos alteran el diseño de sus carreras y toman sus decisiones profesionales según los parámetros de Autenticidad, Equilibrio y Crecimiento. El objetivo del trabajo fue adaptar y presentar evidencias de validez de la Escala de Parámetros de la Carrera Caleidoscópica en una muestra de 272 profesionales brasileños, utilizando el análisis factorial confirmatorio, con método de estimación de máxima verosimilitud. La versión final presentó 19 ítems, distribuidos en los factores previstos, con los indicadores de confiabilidad omega: Autenticidad (ω =, 66), Equilibrio (ω =, 78) y Crecimiento (ω =, 79). Se compararon los resultados según las características sociodemográficas de los participantes, reforzando la posibilidad de aplicación de la teoría para la asesoría de carrera.

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Parental involvement in education is an important determinant of youth's academic success. Yet, there is limited knowledge on how Latino parents' education-related involvement changes over time. Using data from a longitudinal study of 674 Mexican-origin families (mother-adolescent dyad; M age of child at Wave 1=10.4, SD = 0.60), we examined trajectories of parental involvement from 5th to 11th grade and the effects of socio-cultural (e.g., family SES and acculturation) and contextual (e.g., neighborhood) factors on these trajectories. Results showed that mothers reduced two aspects of the educational involvement: home-based involvement and academic aspirations, but increased on a third aspect of involvement, resource seeking. Furthermore, family SES, acculturation, and neighborhood context were differentially associated with mothers' involvement at 5th grade and predicted changes in involvement across elementary and high school.

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En la investigación que referimos en este artículo, nos posicionamos en el ®momento de paso¼ que las y los jóvenes estudiantes de enseñanza media de sectores pobres experimentan al concluir su trayecto educativo secundario, a partir de la reflexión en torno a los sentidos que sus dinámicas relacionales, expectativas y aspiraciones adquieren para ellas y ellos. A través de grupos de discusión, se provocó la expresión de las hablas y experiencias juveniles, que fueron interpretadas a partir del Análisis Estructural del Discurso. El interés se centró en construir y describir las unidades elementales que organizan los significados de la conversación, para comprender sus relaciones y dinámicas en una situación de interacción comunicativa.

In the study reported on in this article, the authors focus on the“moment of transition” that students from low socio–economic backgrounds navigate when theyfinish high school. The study facilitates reflection among young people regarding the dynamics oftheir relationships, expectations and aspirations and the meanings that they have given to these concepts. Through discussion groups the authors facilitated the expression of the language andexperiences of young people, which were interpreted using structural discourse analysis techniques.The interest of the researchers centered on constructing and describing the fundamental units thatorganize the meaning of their conversations in order to understand their relationships and dynamicsin a communicative interaction situation.

Na pesquisa relatada neste artigo, estamos posicionados no “intervalo de tempo” no qual jovens estudantes do ensino médio de setores pobres experimentam ao concluir seu percurso de ensino secundário, a partir da reflexão em torno aos sentidos que sua dinâmica relacional, expectativas e aspirações adquirem para eles mesmos. Através de grupos de discussão,provocou–se a expressão de conversas e experiências juvenis, que foram interpretados a partir da Análise Estrutural do Discurso. O interesse foi centrado em construir e descrever as unidades elementares que organizam os significados da conversa, para compreender suas relações e dinâmicas em situação de interação comunicativa.

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RESUMEN: Este artículo analiza las aspiraciones y los proyectos educativos postsecundarios de jóvenes estudiantes chilenos, considerando el rol y la incidencia del soporte familiar en este proceso. Las aspiraciones de cursar estudios superiores es una realidad extendida entre los jóvenes, aunque es posible identificar racionalidades diversas asociadas a las opciones formativas y los itinerarios previstos para alcanzar estos objetivos. El entorno familiar juega un rol importante en la construcción del proyecto personal de los estudiantes, existiendo una alta valoración del soporte que estos brindan para el logro de las metas educacionales. Con todo, la experiencia varía en relación a las características de este apoyo para la toma de decisiones individuales, como también en las estrategias de presión o exigencias para el cumplimiento de obligaciones y objetivos en la educación superior, evidenciándose diferencias importantes de acuerdo al nivel socioeconómico de las familias.

RESUMO: Este artigo analisa as aspirações e os projetos educativos pós-ensino médio de jovens estudantes chilenos, considerando o papel e a incidência do suporte familiar nesse processo. O desejo de cursar o ensino superior é uma realidade presente entre os jovens, ainda que seja possível identificar diversas lógicas associadas às opções formativas e aos itinerários previstos para alcançar esse objetivo. O entorno familiar tem um papel importante na construção do projeto pessoal dos estudantes, havendo uma grande valorização do apoio existente para se conquistar as metas educacionais. Contudo, a experiência varia em relação às características de tal apoio para a tomada de decisões individuais, como também em relação às estratégias de pressão ou exigências para o cumprimento de obrigações e objetivos na educação superior, evidenciando-se, assim, diferenças importantes de acordo com o nível socioeconômico das famílias.

ABSTRACT: This article analyzes the aspirations and post -secondary educational projects of Chilean students, considering the role and impact of family support in this process. The aspirations of continuing higher education is a widespread reality among young people, although it is possible to identify various rationalities associated with education options and itineraries foreseen to achieve these objectives. The family environment plays an important role in building the personal project of students, demonstrating a high evaluation of family support for achieving educational goals. However, experience varies in relation to the characteristics of such support for individual decision and the pressure strategies or requirements for the achievement of obligations in higher education, showing significant differences according to socio-economic level of the families.

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The current longitudinal study examined how Mexican-origin adolescent mothers' (N = 204) reports of acculturative stress during late adolescence were associated with their educational attainment and engagement in risky behaviors in young adulthood, 4 years post-partum; we also examined whether this association was mediated by discrepancies between adolescents' educational aspirations and expectations. Findings revealed that mothers' greater reports of stress regarding English competency pressures and pressures to assimilate were associated with a larger gap between their aspirations and expectations. Mothers' reports of greater stress from pressures against assimilation, however, were associated with a smaller gap between aspirations and expectations. As expected, a larger gap between aspirations and expectations was associated with lower educational attainment and increased engagement in risky behaviors. Finally, significant mediation emerged, suggesting that the influence of stress from English competency pressures and pressures to assimilate on young mothers' educational attainment and engagement in risky behaviors was mediated through the aspiration-expectation gap. Findings are discussed with respect to understanding discrepancies between young mothers' aspirations and expectations in the context of acculturative stress.

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Using Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study (CILS), this study examined the links between strain, psychological conflicts, aspiration-attainment gap, and depressive tendencies of 755 youth of Mexican origin. Two research questions were raised: (a) What types of strain and psychological conflict induced depressive tendencies? (b) What types of aspirations were relevant to these depressive symptoms? Overall, this study showed that factors implicated by collision of values, perceived discrepancies between aspiration and attainment, and negative appraisal of self could induce depressive mood, feelings, and behaviors, an important finding revealing that this underserved population can benefit from better public health services.

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Objetivo. Analizar las intenciones de adolescentes de formar una familia a edad temprana. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal con cuestionarios a estudiantes de ocho secundarias y preparatorias en Morelos y Ciudad de México, en 2010. Se exploraron intenciones de casarse y tener un hijo y se ajustó de manera exploratoria un modelo de rutas para identificar predictores en el plan de tener un hijo antes o después de los 20 años (n=2 974). Resultados. El 77% espera tener su primer hijo a los 20 años/después; 21% se muestra indeciso y 2% antes de los 20 años. Las expectativas de los padres influyen en la importancia que el adolescente le otorga a alcanzar un alto nivel de estudios, mismo que promueve las intenciones de tener hijos hasta los 20 años o después (β=0.13). Conclusiones. En la prevención de embarazos tempranos es imprescindible apoyar a los adolescentes para que se fijen metas de desarrollo personal.

Objective. This study aims to explore adolescents' intentions related to the early formation of a family. Materials and methods. We administered a survey to students in eight schools in Morelos and Mexico City, in 2010. We analyzed intentions of marrying or having a child and fitted an exploratory path model to assess predictors of the intentions of having a child before the age of 20 (n=2974). Results. Around 77% of adolescents expect to have their first child at 20 years or later; 21% show ambivalence or incongruence regarding this, whereas 2% expect to have a child before the age of 20. Parents' expectations for their child's education influence the importance that adolescents give to education. The latter promotes the idea of postponing childbearing until 20 years or later (β=0.13). Conclusions. In order to prevent early pregnancies, interventions and programs should encourage the construction of personal and professional goals.

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This study examined how Mexican American youths' extent of sibling caretaking is related to their personal and school adjustment, and whether mothers' gender-role attitudes and youths' familistic beliefs moderate these associations. One hundred and ninety-five Mexican American youth (M age 14.8 years; 64% girls) and their mothers participated in the study. Youth completed questionnaires about their extent of sibling caretaking, their educational aspirations, school involvement, school absences, grades, and their prosocial tendencies. Results indicated that, when examined singly, frequent sibling caretaking was related to youths' higher educational aspirations, greater prosocial tendencies, and more school engagement for older youth, but also to more school absences. When extensive sibling care was coupled with mothers' sex-stereotyped attitudes, youth experienced poorer outcomes. Youth who held strong familistic beliefs and were highly involved in sibling care reported lower educational aspirations, particularly girls. Findings underscore the importance of considering socialization influences when evaluating associations between sibling caretaking and youths' development.

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Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, analisar a escolha profissional em sua relação com o direcionamento da carreira de universitários. Foram utilizadas a base teórica de Vygotsky e uma metodologia qualitativa com entrevistas semiestruturadas submetidas à análise do discurso. Foram entrevistados quatorze formandos e se apresentam para a finalidade deste artigo quatro entrevistas, que ilustram o conjunto dos formandos. No processo de análise, observou-se a emergência das seguintes categorias: escolhendo sem saber, o diploma considerado mais importante do que o trabalho e o medo do mercado. As carreiras para os universitários se traduzem em ambiguidades, satisfação e insatisfações com o curso escolhido. Na medida em que iniciam sua vida profissional, a busca desse grupo de jovens é por um emprego bem remunerado e estável, não importando a atividade a ser desenvolvida. Os jovens revelam sentimentos frequentes de insegurança, indecisões e mesmo indiferença frente às suas trajetórias profissionais futuras e escolhem profissões e carreiras tendo como pano de fundo um contexto extremamente competitivo e excludente do mercado de trabalho; assim, considera-se a orientação na universidade um aspecto fundamental para auxiliar no processo de transição para o mercado de trabalho...

This work aims to analyse the professional choice in its relation with the college studies career directions. Vygotsky’s theoretical basis and qualitative methodology with semi-structured interviews submitted to speech analysis were used. Fourteen students were interviewed and four, who represent the group of students, had their interviews used for this article purpose. In the analysis of the process it was observed the emergency of the following categories: choosing without knowledge, the diploma considered more important than the work and the fear of the job market. The careers for the college students are ambiguously defined: satisfaction and dissatisfaction with the chosen course. In so far as they start their professional life the search of the group is to find a well paid and stable job position without minding the activity to be developed. As they start facing their professional trajectories feelings such as insecurity, indecision and indifference are frequently revealed. Young people choose jobs and careers having as background an extremely competitive and excluding job market. Therefore, the orientation at the university is a meaningful aspect to assist them in the transition process to the job market...

En este trabajo se ha objetivado analizar la elección profesional en su relación con la orientación de la carrera de los universitarios. Se han utilizado la base teórica de Vygotsky y una metodología cualitativa con entrevistas semiestructuradas sometidas al análisis del discurso. Han sido entrevistados catorce universitarios que se estaban graduando y se presentan para la finalidad de este artículo cuatro entrevistas que ilustran el conjunto de esos graduandos. En el proceso de análisis, se ha observado la emergencia de las categorías descriptas a continuación: eligiendo sin saber, el diploma considerado más importante que el trabajo y el miedo del mercado. Las carreras para los universitarios se traducen en ambigüedades, satisfacción e insatisfacciones con la carrera elegida. A medida que comienzan su vida profesional, la búsqueda de ese grupo de jóvenes es de un trabajo bien remunerado y estable, sin importar la actividad a desarrollarse. Los jóvenes revelan sentimientos frecuentes de inseguridad, indecisiones e incluso indiferencia ante sus trayectorias profesionales futuras y eligen profesiones y carreras que tienen como característica un contexto extremadamente competitivo y excluyente del mercado de trabajo. De esa manera, se considera la orientación en la universidad un aspecto fundamental para servir de auxilio en el proceso de transición para el mercado de trabajo...

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