RESUMO

•Durability is vital for transcatheter aortic valve replacement in younger patients.•Aortic insufficiency is one of the features of structural valve degeneration.•Degenerated ACURATE neo can be treated with low implantation of an oversized Myval.

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: la válvula St. Jude Trifecta® es una bioprótesis diseñada para implante en posición aórtica supraanular. Objetivo: Evaluar el comportamiento hemodinámico de la válvula y el estadio clínico de los pacientes, entre 3 a 72 meses luego del implante. Materiales y método: Estudio de cohorte en el que se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años, llevados a cambio valvular aórtico en quienes se implantó una bioprótesis St. Jude Trifecta® entre marzo de 2012 a diciembre de 2018, y se hizo un seguimiento mediante evaluación clínica y ecocardiográfica desde tres meses hasta seis años posquirúrgicos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 165 pacientes, 53.3% hombres. Edad promedio 69.6 años (30-90). El 66.7% con estenosis valvular aórtica y el 21.2% con insuficiencia. El promedio de EuroSCORE II fue 4.18 (0.56-24.35). En el preoperatorio, 60.6%, 29.6% y 9.69% de los pacientes se encontraban en clase funcional NYHA II, III y IV, respectivamente. Luego del implante, el promedio de área del orificio efectivo indexado fue 1.025 cm2/m2 para bioprótesis N.o 19 1.089cm2/m2, 1.085 cm2/m2 y 1.069 cm2/m2 para prótesis N.o 21, 23 y 25, respectivamente. El gradiente medio transvalvular en el posoperatorio inmediato (en sala de cirugía) fue 3.08 mmHg. Durante el seguimiento ecocardiográfico a 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 y 72 meses, el gradiente medio fue de 4.2, 5.7, 6.3, 7.1, 8.3 y 9.1 mmHg, respectivamente. La mortalidad quirúrgica fue del 2.42%. Ningún paciente presentó desproporción prótesis-paciente, accidente cerebrovascular o endocarditis. Durante el tiempo del estudio ninguno ha requerido reintervención por deterioro valvular estructural. Al seguimiento, 83.6% se encontraron en NYHA I. Conclusión: En el grupo estudiado, el reemplazo valvular aórtico con bioprótesis St. Jude Trifecta® demostró excelentes resultados clínicos (NYHA I, 83%) y hemodinámicos (no reoperación por deterioro valvular estructural, bajos gradientes transvalvulares y adecuado orificio efectivo indexado), durante el tiempo de evaluación clínica y ecocardiográfica (3 a 72 meses).

Abstract Background: The St. Jude Trifecta™ valve is a latest generation bioprosthetic designed for supra annular aortic placement. The study main objective is the evaluation of the hemodynamic valve performance and the 3 to 72 months post implantation clinical status of the patients. Method and materials: Cohort study on patients older than 18 years, undergoing aortic valve replacement with St. Jude Trifecta™biological valve prosthesis between march 2012 and december 2018. The follow up was made by clinical evaluation and serial echocardiogram from 3 months to 6 years after surgery. Results: 165 patients where included, 53.3% male. Mean age 69.6 years (30-90). The main indication for valve replacement was aortic stenosis (66.7%). Mean EuroSCORE II was 4.18 (0.56-24.35). Preoperative 60.6%, 29.6% and 9.69% of patients where in New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) II, III and IV respectively. After the surgery, the mean effective orifice area index (IEOA) was 1.025 cm2/m2 for prosthesis N.o 19; 1.089cm2/m2 (prosthesis 21); 1.085 cm2/m2 (prosthesis 23) and 1.069 cm2/m2 (prosthesis 25). The mean transvalvular gradient was 3.08 mmHg at the immediate posoperative period, and the mean gradient at 3,6,12,24,36 and 72 months was 4.2, 5.7, 6.3, 7.1, 8.3 and 9.1 mmHg, respectively. 30 days mortality was 2.42%. None of the patients have a posoperative patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM), neither thromboembolic events or endocarditis. There is no patients with re-operation for structural valve deterioration. After follow up, 83.6% of the patients are in NYHA I functional class. Conclusion: In this Study group, St. Jude Trifecta™ valve for aortic valve replacement provides excellent clinical (NYHA I, 83%) and hemodynamic outcomes (demostrated by no patients with re-operation for structural valve deterioration, a low post operative transvalvular gradients; IEOA that avoid PPM; excellent clinical and echocardiographic outcome during follow up (3 to 72 months).

Assuntos

RESUMO

Resumen La rubeola es una enfermedad exantemática que se produce en la infancia. En caso de que se presente durante la gestación y hubiera afectación del producto, este puede desarrollar el síndrome de rubeola congénita, el cual incluye malformaciones cardiacas que se presentan en el 67% de los pacientes, de las cuales la más común es la persistencia del conducto arterioso, seguida de la estenosis valvular pulmonar y la comunicación interauricular. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 20 años con diagnóstico de síndrome de rubeola congénita, quien desarrolló glaucoma congénito, insuficiencia aórtica grave, insuficiencia mitral grave y enfermedad miocárdica isquémica. Se realizó procedimiento quirúrgico de revascularización coronaria y recambio valvular mitral y aórtico. Los estudios encontrados durante el proceso de investigación mencionan el daño de los vasos sanguíneos y del miocardio producido por el virus. Con los datos obtenidos se corrobora la baja incidencia de presentación con compromiso coronario y valvular, por lo cual se hace énfasis en la importancia de este caso.

Abstract Rubella is an exanthematous disease that occurs in childhood. If it occurs during pregnancy and there is an effect on the product, it can develop congenital rubella syndrome. The congenital rubella syndrome includes cardiac malformations, which occur in 67% of patients, of which the most common is patent ductus arteriosus, followed by pulmonary valvular stenosis and atrial septal defect. We present the case of a 20-year-old man with a diagnosis of congenital rubella syndrome, presenting with congenital glaucoma, severe aortic insufficiency, severe mitral regurgitation and ischemic myocardial disease. In which a surgical procedure is performed by a coronary revascularization and mitral and aortic valve replacement. Studies found during the research process mention the damage to the blood vessels and myocardium produced by the virus. With the required data, the low incidence of presentation with coronary and valvular involvement is corroborated, which is why the importance of the present case is emphasized.

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Patients with acute type A aortic dissection demonstrate a wide range of aortic insufficiency. Outcomes after valve resuspension and root repair are not well studied in the long term. We evaluated the long-term effects of preoperative aortic insufficiency in patients undergoing emergency root-preserving surgery for acute type A aortic dissection. METHODS: From 2002 to 2017, 558 of 776 patients with acute type A aortic dissection underwent native aortic valve resuspension and root reconstruction. Patients were stratified into 4 groups by preoperative aortic insufficiency grade (n = 539): aortic insufficiency less than 2+ (n = 348), aortic insufficiency = 2+ (n = 72), aortic insufficiency = 3+ (n = 49), and aortic insufficiency = 4+ (n = 70). Multivariable ordinal longitudinal mixed effects and multi-state transition models were used to assess risk factors for recurrent aortic insufficiency. RESULTS: The prevalence of cardiogenic shock in patients presenting with preoperative aortic insufficiency less than 2+, 2+, 3+, and 4+ was 53 of 348 (15.2%), 12 of 72 (16.7%), 10 of 49 (20.4%), and 24 of 70 (34.3%), respectively (P = .002). Postoperatively, 94.0% of patients had aortic insufficiency 1+ or less at discharge. Operative mortality was 34 of 348 (9.8%), 10 of 72 (13.9%), 6 of 49 (12.2%), and 12 of 70 (17.1%) (P = .303). In an ordinal mixed effects model, preoperative aortic insufficiency was associated with more severe postoperative aortic insufficiency. The multi-state transition model demonstrated that severe aortic insufficiency was associated with progression from no to mild aortic insufficiency (hazard ratio, 2.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.35-3.38), and progression from mild to moderate aortic insufficiency (hazard ratio, 5.70; 95% confidence interval, 1.88-17.30). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative aortic insufficiency is an important predictor of recurrent aortic insufficiency in patients undergoing valve resuspension with root reconstruction for emergency acute type A aortic dissection repair. Increased echocardiographic surveillance for recurrent aortic insufficiency may be warranted in this cohort.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Resumen Se presenta el caso de un paciente de género masculino, de 69 años de edad, con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial y cuadro de disnea de pequeños a mínimos esfuerzos; implante de cardio-resincronizador por bloqueo aurículo-ventricular completo y bajo gasto cardiaco. El ecocardiograma evidenció imagen quística en septum interventricular. El cateterismo cardiaco mostró aneurisma del seno de Valsalva derecho roto que se diseca hacia el septum interventricular dando lugar a un saco de 4 x 3,4 cm el cual deforma el anillo valvular aórtico y produce insuficiencia valvular aórtica severa. Se considera el cierre quirúrgico del aneurisma y el implante de prótesis aórtica biológica, procedimiento que se lleva a cabo con éxito. Se presenta un caso muy poco frecuente de disección del septum interventricular por aneurisma del seno de Valsalva derecho roto. Este tipo no está incluido en la clasificación de estas rupturas de los senos de Valsalva.

Abstract The case is presented on a 69 year-old male patient with a history of arterial hypertension and a clinical picture of dyspnoea on little or minimal effort, as well as an implanted cardiac resynchronization device due to complete atrial-ventricular block and low cardiac output. The echocardiogram showed an image of a cyst in the interventricular septum. The cardiac catheterisation showed a ruptured right sinus of Valsalva aneurysm that was dissected up to the interventricular septum, producing a sac of 4 x 3.4 cm that deformed the aortic valve ring and caused severe aortic valve insufficiency. The procedure for the surgical closure of the aneurysm and the implant of a biological aortic valve was performed successfully. A very rare case is presented of an interventricular septum dissection due to a ruptured right sinus of Valsalva aneurysm. This type is not included in the classification of sinus of Valsalva ruptures.

Assuntos

RESUMO

An 84-year man with prior coronary artery bypass surgery and endovascular repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm developed congestive heart failu-re. He had calcific aortic valve disease with severe regurgitation. A #29 Edwards-Sapien aortic valve via trans-apical approach was implanted with the patient connected to extra corporeal circulation. The patient recovered successfully and remained in functional class II 8 months after hospital dis-charge.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Los aneurismas de las arterias coronarias son muy raros. Ocurren más frecuentemente en la arteria coronaria derecha, seguidos por los de la arteria coronaria descendente anterior y circunfleja. Los aneurismas del tronco de la arteria coronaria izquierda son aún más raros. La enfermedad más frecuentemente asociada a esta entidad es la aterosclerosis coronaria con estenosis severas en las zonas adyacentes a los mismos. La sífilis terciaria con manifestaciones cardiovasculares puede producir aortitis, insuficiencia aórtica, miocarditis y aneurismas o estenosis de las coronarias. El estándar de oro para el diagnóstico de los aneurismas coronarios es la angiografía coronaria y su tratamiento dependerá de la etiología y localización de los mismos. El tratamiento antibiótico en sífilis terciaria es imperativo; sin embargo no existe consenso en cuanto al tratamiento de los aneurismas coronarios en ausencia de obstrucciones. El tratamiento a largo plazo con anticoagulantes orales puede estar recomendado en este tipo de pacientes.

Aneurysms of the coronary arteries are very rare. Occur more frequently in the right coronary artery, followed by those of the left anterior descending coronary artery and circumflex. Aneurysms of the left main coronary artery are even more rare. The disease most often associated with this pathology is coronary atherosclerosis with severe stenosis in the section adjacent to them. Tertiary syphilis with cardiovascular manifestations can produce aortitis, aortic insufficiency, myocarditis and aneurysms or coronary stenosis. The gold standard for diagnosis of coronary aneurysms is coronary angiography and treatment depends on the etiology and location thereof. Antibiotic treatment in tertiary syphilis is imperative; however there is no consensus on the treatment of coronary aneurysms in the absence of obstructions. The long-term treatment with oral anticoagulants may be recommended in these patients.

Os aneurismas das artérias coronárias são muito raros. Ocorrem com mais frequência na artéria coronária direita, seguido por aqueles da artéria coronária descendente anterior e circunflexa. Os aneurismas do tronco da artéria coronária esquerda são ainda mais raros. A doença mais frequentemente associado com esta entidade é a aterosclerose coronária com estenose grave nas áreas adjacentes aos mesmos. A sífilis terciária com manifestações cardiovasculares pode produzir aortite, insuficiência aórtica, miocardite e aneurismas ou estenose coronária. O padrão ouro para o diagnóstico de aneurismas coronários é a angiografia coronária e tratamento depende da etiologia e localização dos mesmos. O tratamento com antibióticos na sífilis terciária é imperativo; no entanto, não existe consenso sobre o tratamento de aneurismas coronários em ausência de obstruções. O tratamento prolongado com anticoagulantes orais pode ser recomendado nestes pacientes.

RESUMO

Introducción: La Insuficiencia Aórtica (IA) excepcionalmente es susceptible de reparación. Una de estas excepciones es la Válvula Aórtica Bicúspide (VAB). Objetivo: Analizar nuestros resultados de la reparación de la VAB insuficiente. Método: Se revisó la Base de Datos para el período enero 1994 a Julio 2014. Se identificaron 29 pacientes y se revisaron las fichas clínicas y protocolos operatorios. La supervivencia se certificó en el Registro Civil e Identificación de Chile. Resultados: Todos los pacientes fueron hombres. La edad promedio fue 39,4 años (19- 61 años). Cinco pacientes presentaban una endocarditis. El ecocardiograma preoperatorio demostró IA severa en 25 casos (86%) y moderada en 4. El diámetro sis-tólico fue 44 ± 7,1 mm y el diastólico 67,8 ± 6,7 mm. La fracción de acortamiento fue 35,96 ± 5,54%. En todos los casos la VAB presentaba fusión del velo coronariano izquierdo y derecho con rafe medio; en 3, el rafe era incompleto produciéndose un cleft. En 23 casos (79%) la IA era secundaria a prolapso del velo fusionado, en 3 a perforación de velo, en 1 a un cleft y en 2 a perforación y cleft. En 23 casos (79%) se efectuó una resección triangular y en 16 (55%) se complementó con una anuloplastía. En 3 se cerró una perforación y en otros 3 se efectuó un cierre primario de cleft. En 10 casos se realizó un procedimiento asociado. En todos los casos se realizó un ecocardiograma transesofágico intra-operato-rio. En 35% no hubo insuficiencia aórtica residual y en 65% esta fue mínima o leve. No hubo mortalidad operatoria. El seguimiento se completó en el 100%. Dos pacientes (7%) fallecieron por causas no cardiacas. Siete (24%) fueron re-operados, en promedio a los 7,14 años. La media de supervivencia fue 19,3 años (IC95% 17,6-21) y la supervivencia libre de re-operación 15,8 años (IC95% 13-18,7), a 20,6 años de seguimiento. El ecocardiograma efectuado en promedio a los 4,9 años demostró una reducción del diámetro sistólico de 6,15 ± 7,2 mm (p<0,05), del diastólico de 11,26 ± 8,7 mm (p<0,05) y de la fracción de acortamiento de 1,12 ± 5,57% (p<0,33). De los 22 pacientes no reoperados, 9 no tenían IA, en 6 esta era leve (1+) y en 3 leve a moderada (2+); 4 pacientes tenían una estenosis aórtica leve. Conclusión: La reparación quirúrgica de la válvula aortica bicúspide insuficiente tiene baja mortalidad peri-operatoria y excelente supervivencia alejada. Si bien el 24% de los pacientes requirió una re-operación, esta fue tardía en la mayoría de los casos.

Background: Aortic insufficiency (AI) is rarely amenable to surgical repair. One of the exceptions to that statement is the bicuspid aortic valve Aim: to analyze our results in the repair of a regur-gitant bicuspid aortic valve Method: A review of the cardiac surgery data base in the period January 1994 to July 2014 allowed the identification of 29 patients with AI and a bicuspid aortic valve submitted to surgical repair. The data from the clinical record and the surgical report was analyzed. Survival was established from the National Identification Service. Results: all patients were males. Mean age was 39.4 years (range 19-61). Five patients had infective endocarditis. Preoperative echocardiography revealed severe AI in 25 patients (86%) and moderate AI in 4. Left ventricular diastolic and systolic diameters were 67,8 ± 6,7 and 44 ± 7,1 mm, respectively. All patients presented fusion of the left and right leaflets with mid rafhe, and 3 patients had an incomplete rafhe with a cleft. AI was caused by prolapsed fu-sioned leaflet in 23 patients, leaflet perforation in 3, cleft in one and perforation plus cleft in 2 patients. Triangular resection was performed in 23 (79%) and complemented by annuloplasty in 16 (55%) patients. Three patients underwent closure of a perforation and 3 a repair of the cleft. An additional surgical procedure was performed in 10 patients. All patients underwent intra-operative TEE. 35% had no residual AI and 65% had minimal or mild AI. There was no surgical mortality. Follow up was completed in all patients. Two patients (7%) died from non cardiac causes. Seven patients (24%) had to be re-operated on, a mean of 7.1 years after the initial surgery. Mean survival rate was 19.3 (95% CI 17.6-21), and mean survival free from re-operation was 15.8 years (95%CI 13-18.7) at 20.6 years of follow up. Echo-cardiogram performed at a mean of 4.9 years after surgery showed a reduction of LV systolic diameter of 6,15 ± 7,2 mm (p<0,05), LV diastolic diameter of 11,26 ± 8,7 mm (p<0,05) and fractional shortening of 1,12 ± 5,57% (p<0,33). In the group of 22 patients who did not have a re-operation, AI was absent in 9, mild in 6 and moderate in 3; 4 patients had mild aortic stenosis. Conclusion: Surgical repair of the regurgitant bicuspid aortic valve has low peri-operative mortality rate and excellent late survival. Reoperation, required in 24% of patients, occurred late after the initial operation in most cases.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Introducción La cirugía de preservación de la válvula aórtica ofrece la única oportunidad de conservar la válvula en pacientes que requieren una intervención quirúrgica por enfermedad de la raíz aórtica. Objetivo Analizar los resultados a largo plazo de la cirugía de preservación de la válvula aórtica con técnica de reimplante en el Hospital Universitario Fundación Favaloro. Material y métodos Desde junio de 1998 a diciembre de 2011 se intervinieron 66 pacientes con cirugía de preservación de la válvula aórtica. Se incluyeron 53 pacientes operados con técnica de reimplante y se excluyeron 13 pacientes intervenidos con técnica de remodelación. Se realizó seguimiento clínico y ecocardiográfico. La insuficiencia aórtica se clasificó en: 0: ausente; 1+: leve; 2+: moderada; 3+: moderada-grave; 4+: grave. La supervivencia y la ausencia de insuficiencia aórtica > 2+ y de reoperación se analizaron con el método de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados La edad media de los pacientes fue de 45 ± 17 años, el 79% eran de sexo masculino, el 36% con síndrome de Marfan. La mortalidad hospitalaria y tardía fue del 3,8%. La supervivencia global a los 8 años fue del 91% (IC 95% 78-97%). La ausencia de insuficiencia aórtica > 2+ y de reoperación a los 8 años fue del 84% (IC 95% 66-92%) y del 90% (IC 95% 74-96%), respectivamente. La insuficiencia aórtica preoperatoria > 2+ no se asoció con insuficiencia aórtica > 2+ (RR 1,45; p = 0,16) ni con reoperación (RR 1,96; p = 0,4) durante el seguimiento. Conclusiones En nuestra experiencia, la cirugía de preservación de la válvula aórtica con técnica de reimplante en pacientes con patología de la raíz aórtica muestra resultados comparables a los de otras series internacionales publicadas. Esta técnica quirúrgica es una opción válida para pacientes seleccionados, correctamente informados sobre las diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas, y debe realizarse en centros con experiencia.

Introduction The aortic valve-sparing operation offers the unique possibility of preserving the native valve in patients who need surgical treatment for aortic root disease. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the long term outcome of the aortic valve-sparing operation with reimplantation technique at the Hospital Universitario Fundación Favaloro. Methods A total of 66 patients underwent aortic valve-sparing operation from June 1998 to December 2011. Fifty three patients operated on with the aortic valve reimplantation technique were included in the study and 13 patients operated with the remodeling technique were excluded. Clinical and echocardiographic follow-up was performed. Aortic insufficiency was graded as: 0: absent; 1+: mild; 2+: moderate; 3+: moderate-severe, and 4+: severe. Survival and freedom from aortic insufficiency >2+ and reoperation were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results Mean age was 45±17 years, 79% of patients were men and 36% had Marfan syndrome. In-hospital and late mortality was 3.8%. Survival at 8 years was 91% (95% CI: 78-97%). Freedom from aortic insufficiency > 2+ and reoperation at 8 years was 84% (95% CI: 66-92%) and 90% (95% CI: 74-96%), respectively. Preoperative aortic insufficiency >2+ was not associated with aortic insufficiency >2+ (RR 1.45; p=0.16) or reoperation (RR 1.96; p=0.4) during follow-up. Conclusions In our experience, the aortic valve-sparing operation with reimplantation technique in patients with aortic root disease shows comparable results to other published international series. This surgical technique is a valid option for eligible patients duly informed about the different surgical techniques, and should be performed in experienced centers.

RESUMO

Introducción La cirugía de preservación de la válvula aórtica ofrece la única oportunidad de conservar la válvula en pacientes que requieren una intervención quirúrgica por enfermedad de la raíz aórtica. Objetivo Analizar los resultados a largo plazo de la cirugía de preservación de la válvula aórtica con técnica de reimplante en el Hospital Universitario Fundación Favaloro. Material y métodos Desde junio de 1998 a diciembre de 2011 se intervinieron 66 pacientes con cirugía de preservación de la válvula aórtica. Se incluyeron 53 pacientes operados con técnica de reimplante y se excluyeron 13 pacientes intervenidos con técnica de remodelación. Se realizó seguimiento clínico y ecocardiográfico. La insuficiencia aórtica se clasificó en: 0: ausente; 1+: leve; 2+: moderada; 3+: moderada-grave; 4+: grave. La supervivencia y la ausencia de insuficiencia aórtica > 2+ y de reoperación se analizaron con el método de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados La edad media de los pacientes fue de 45 ± 17 años, el 79% eran de sexo masculino, el 36% con síndrome de Marfan. La mortalidad hospitalaria y tardía fue del 3,8%. La supervivencia global a los 8 años fue del 91% (IC 95% 78-97%). La ausencia de insuficiencia aórtica > 2+ y de reoperación a los 8 años fue del 84% (IC 95% 66-92%) y del 90% (IC 95% 74-96%), respectivamente. La insuficiencia aórtica preoperatoria > 2+ no se asoció con insuficiencia aórtica > 2+ (RR 1,45; p = 0,16) ni con reoperación (RR 1,96; p = 0,4) durante el seguimiento. Conclusiones En nuestra experiencia, la cirugía de preservación de la válvula aórtica con técnica de reimplante en pacientes con patología de la raíz aórtica muestra resultados comparables a los de otras series internacionales publicadas. Esta técnica quirúrgica es una opción válida para pacientes seleccionados, correctamente informados sobre las diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas, y debe realizarse en centros con experiencia.(AU)

Introduction The aortic valve-sparing operation offers the unique possibility of preserving the native valve in patients who need surgical treatment for aortic root disease. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the long term outcome of the aortic valve-sparing operation with reimplantation technique at the Hospital Universitario Fundación Favaloro. Methods A total of 66 patients underwent aortic valve-sparing operation from June 1998 to December 2011. Fifty three patients operated on with the aortic valve reimplantation technique were included in the study and 13 patients operated with the remodeling technique were excluded. Clinical and echocardiographic follow-up was performed. Aortic insufficiency was graded as: 0: absent; 1+: mild; 2+: moderate; 3+: moderate-severe, and 4+: severe. Survival and freedom from aortic insufficiency >2+ and reoperation were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results Mean age was 45±17 years, 79% of patients were men and 36% had Marfan syndrome. In-hospital and late mortality was 3.8%. Survival at 8 years was 91% (95% CI: 78-97%). Freedom from aortic insufficiency > 2+ and reoperation at 8 years was 84% (95% CI: 66-92%) and 90% (95% CI: 74-96%), respectively. Preoperative aortic insufficiency >2+ was not associated with aortic insufficiency >2+ (RR 1.45; p=0.16) or reoperation (RR 1.96; p=0.4) during follow-up. Conclusions In our experience, the aortic valve-sparing operation with reimplantation technique in patients with aortic root disease shows comparable results to other published international series. This surgical technique is a valid option for eligible patients duly informed about the different surgical techniques, and should be performed in experienced centers.(AU)

RESUMO

La granulomatosis de Wegener es una vasculitis necrotizante autoinmune cuya prevalencia reportada es de 3/100.000 habitantes. Tiene compromiso multisistémico, principalmente el tracto respiratorio superior e inferior, y el sistema nervioso central y renal. La frecuencia del compromiso cardiaco varía según las series estudiadas, pero oscila alrededor de 6%; sin embargo, las manifestaciones clínicas son poco frecuentes. El compromiso valvular se reporta como insuficiencia aórtica o mitral, secundaria a infiltración de las valvas o dilatación de la raíz aórtica. El tratamiento se basa en el control de la enfermedad, el manejo de la falla cardiaca y la intervención quirúrgica de la válvula comprometida según la indicación.

Wegener's granulomatosis is an autoimmune necrotizing vasculitis with a reported prevalence of 3/100.000 inhabitants. It is a multisystemic disease, involving mainly the upper and lower respiratory tract, the central nervous system and the kidneys. The frequency of cardiac involvement varies depending on the series studied, but oscillates around 6%; however, the clinical manifestations are rare. The valvular involvement is reported as aortic or mitral insufficiency secondary to infiltration of the leaflets, or as aortic root dilatation. Treatment is based on the control of the disease, the management of heart failure and surgical intervention of the involved valve, as directed. Palabras clave: granulomatosis de Wegener, insuficiencia mitral, insuficiencia aórtica, cardiopatía, vasculitis.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A febre Q é uma zoonose de distribuição mundial causada por Coxiella burnetii, sendo raros os registros da doença no Brasil. Estudos soroepidemiológicos mostraram uma freqüência relativamente elevada de anticorpos contra Coxiella burnetii em populações com exposição ocupacional. Em humanos, pode se manifestar clinicamente como doença aguda ou crônica, sendo que a endocardite é a forma crônica mais freqüente da febre Q e de maior morbi-mortalidade. Relatamos um caso grave de endocardite por Coxiella burnetii adquirida no Brasil com desfecho fatal, apesar de antibioticoterapia adequada e tratamento cirúrgico valvar.

Q fever is a zoonosis of worldwide distribution that is caused by Coxiella burnetii. However, reports of this disease in Brazil are rare. Seroepidemiological studies have shown relatively high frequencies of antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in populations with occupational exposure. In humans, it can be manifested clinically as acute or chronic disease. Endocarditis is the most frequent chronic form of Q fever and the form with the greatest morbidity and mortality. We report a severe case of endocarditis due to Coxiella burnetii acquired in Brazil that had a fatal outcome, despite specific antibiotic therapy and valve surgery treatment.

Assuntos

RESUMO

PURPOSE--To analyze the follow-up of left ventricular function (LVF) after surgical correction of severe chronic aortic insufficiency (AI). METHODS--Twenty-one out of 68 patients with AI, initially asymptomatic and that developed symptoms during the follow-up period of 24-36 months, were studied. Relationship between symptoms and LVF by echocardiogram and radioisotopic ventriculography at rest and in isotonic exercise were studied. Three clinical moments (CM) were assumed: CM-0- at the beginning of the study, when all patients were asymptomatic; CM-1- manifestation of the symptoms during 24-36 months; CM-2- corresponding to the late post-operative period of 8 months of 20 out of 21 patients (one refused the surgery). The analysis did not show any significant differences between the mean values of all echocardiographic variables (diastolic and systolic diameters, shortening fraction, final systolic stress, volume-mass ratio, contractility index) and the ejection fraction of the left ventricle (EF) obtained by the radioisotope ventriculography at rest and, including exercise, between clinical moments 0 and 1. RESULTS--In the CM-2, involution was verified for functional class I/II in all cases and absence of expressive complications or immediate or late postoperative mortality. Comparison between CM-2 and 0 showed expressive regression of the diameters at rest in the postoperative period and with significant improvement in the means mainly the percentual variation of the EF and total time of effort. CONCLUSION--Symptoms assembled patients with more advanced eccentric hypertrophy and did not coincide with any immediate change in findings studied at rest and at exercise. It represented a point of reference for surgical indication compatible with late postoperative involution of chronic adaptation of AI.

Objetivo - Analisar a evolução da função ventricular esquerda (FVE) após correção cirúrgica da insuficiência aórtica crônica grave (IAo). Métodos - Dentre 68 portadores de IAo, inicialmente assintomáticos, selecionamos 21 que desenvolveram sintomas durante período de observação de 24-36 meses. Estudamos a FVE através do ecodopplercardiograma e da ventriculografia radioisotópica em repouso e em exercício isotônico em três momentos clínicos (MC): MC-0 - ao início do estudo e todos os pacientes eram assintomáticos; MC-1 - manifestação de sintomas no decorrer de 24-36 meses; MC-2 - período pós-operatório tardio de 8 meses de 20 dos 21 casos (houve uma recusa à cirurgia). Não havia diferenças significantes entre as médias de todas as variáveis ecocardiográficas estudadas (diâmetro diastólico, diâmetro sistólico, fração de encurtamento, estresse sistólico final, relação volume-massa, índice de contratilidade) e da fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FE) obtida pela ventriculografia radioisotópica em repouso e, inclusive ao exercicio, entre os MC - 0 e 1. Resultados - No MC-2 constatou -se involução para classe funcional I/II em todos os casos e ausência de mortalidade pós-operatória imediata e tardia. Da comparação entre os MC - 2 e 0, houve expressiva regressão dos diâmetros em repouso no pós-operatório e com melhora significante entre as médias, principalmente da variação percentual da FE e do tempo total de esforço. Conclusão - A manifestação de sintomas reuniu pacientes com hipertrofia excêntrica avançada, não coincidiu com nenhuma mudança imediata dos marcadores laboratoriais estudados ao repouso e ao exercício, e representou ponto de referência de indicação cirúrgica compatível com involução pós-operatória tardia das conseqüências da adaptação IAo

Assuntos