RESUMO
The knowledge on the microbial diversity inhabiting hypersaline sediments is still limited. In particular, existing data about anaerobic hypersaline archaea and bacteria are scarce and refer to a limited number of genera. The approach to obtain existing information has been almost exclusively attempting to grow every organism in axenic culture on the selected electron acceptor with a variety of electron donors. Here, a different approach has been used to interrogate the microbial community of submerged hypersaline sediment of Salitral Negro, Argentina, aiming at enriching consortia performing anaerobic respiration of different electron acceptor compounds, in which ecological associations can maximize the possibilities of successful growth. Growth of consortia was demonstrated on all offered electron acceptors, including fumarate, nitrate, sulfate, thiosulfate, dimethyl sulfoxide, and a polarized electrode. Halorubrum and Haloarcula representatives are here shown for the first time growing on lactate, using fumarate or a polarized electrode as the electron acceptor; in addition, they are shown also growing in sulfate-reducing consortia. Halorubrum representatives are for the first time shown to be growing in nitrate-reducing consortia, probably thanks to reduction of N2O produced by other consortium members. Fumarate respiration is indeed shown for the first time supporting growth of Halanaeroarchaeum and Halorhabdus belonging to the archaea, as well as growth of Halanaerobium, Halanaerobaculum, Sporohalobacter, and Acetohalobium belonging to the bacteria. Finally, evidence is presented suggesting growth of nanohaloarchaea in anaerobic conditions.
RESUMO
Although reports of infections caused by anaerobes after tissue transplantation are uncommon, contamination of allografts may result in substantial complications. Anaerobic incubation and testing of organ transport solution (TS) are not routine. The aim of this study was to determine the bioburden of strict anaerobic bacteria and oxygen tension of heart-TS. Forty TS from different donors were evaluated cultured using membrane filtration (MF), direct inoculation on broth and automated blood culture bottle (ABCB). Bacterial identification was performed by MALDI-TOF. The transport conditions were simulated to verify the bacterial recovery. A sterile bag fulfilled with 250â¯ml-1 of sterile saline was spiked with 100â¯CFUâ¯ml-1 of Clostridium perfringens and the fluid recovered 0â¯h, 1â¯h, 2â¯h, 6â¯h, 12â¯h, 24â¯h and 48â¯h for culture and oxygen measurement. Strict anaerobic bacteria were not isolated in heart-TS. The recovery of C.perfringens spiked in heart-TS was 100% using automated blood culture bottles. MF method detected >100â¯CFU only after 6â¯h of spiking. The manual culture was not able to recover C.perfringens after the process. The percentage of O2 measures varied from 77.6 to 87.9%. MF or ABCB are better than direct inoculation for recovery of anaerobes from heart-TS. Although all samples from heart donors were negative for anaerobes (probably due to low incidence of contamination), C.perfringens were all recovered in the simulated transport condition.
Assuntos
Aloenxertos/microbiologia , Bactérias Anaeróbias/isolamento & purificação , Clostridium perfringens/isolamento & purificação , Valvas Cardíacas/microbiologia , Valvas Cardíacas/transplante , Soluções para Preservação de Órgãos , HumanosRESUMO
Periodontitis is an inflammatory response in a susceptible host caused by complex microbiota, predominantly composed of Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Aiming to characterize the subgingival bacterial microbiota associated with ovine periodontitis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in subgingival periodontal pocket samples of 14 sheep with severe periodontitis and in subgingival sulcus biofilm of 14 periodontally healthy sheep in search mainly of Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms considered important periodontopathogens. The most prevalent bacteria in the sheep with periodontal lesions were Tannerella forsythia (78.6%), Treponema denticola (78.6%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (64.3%), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (50%), whereas in the healthy sheep, F. nucleatum (42.8%) was the most often detected bacterium. Statistically significant differences were observed for Campylobacter rectus, Enterococcus faecium, Prevotella nigrescens, T. forsythia, and T. denticola (p<0.05) in the sheep with periodontitis in the comparison between groups. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Porphyromonas gulae were not detected in any of the samples analyzed. In conclusion, C. rectus, E. faecium, P. nigrescens, T. forsythia, and T. denticola were associated with severe lesions caused by ovine periodontitis, and F. nucleatum was the most prevalent microorganism in the subgengival sulcus biofilm of healthy sheep.(AU)
Periodontite é a resposta inflamatória de um hospedeiro suscetível causada por complexa microbiota, composta predominantemente por bactérias anaeróbias Gram-negativas. Com o objetivo de caracterizar a microbiota bacteriana subgengival associada à periodontite ovina foi realizada a reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) de amostras de biofilme subgengival de 14 ovinos com a enfermidade e 14 ovinos periodontalmente saudáveis, com destaque para micro-organismos Gram-negativos e Gram-positivos considerados importantes periodontopatógenos. As bactérias mais prevalentes em 14 animais com lesões periodontais foram Tannerella forsythia (78,6%), Treponema denticola (78,6%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (64,3%) e Porphyromonas gingivalis (50%). Entretanto, nos 14 ovinos sem lesões periodontais, F. nucleatum (42,8%) foi a bactéria mais detectada. Associação estatisticamente diferente foi observada para Campylobacter rectus, Enterococcus faecium, Prevotella nigrescens, T. forsythia e T. denticola (p<0,05) nos ovinos com periodontite em comparação entre os dois grupos. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Enterococcus faecalis e Porphyromonas gulae não foram detectados em nenhuma das amostras pesquisadas. Conclui-se que C. rectus, E. faecium, P. nigrescens, T. forsythia e T. denticola estão associados às lesões resultantes da periodontite ovina com manifestação clínica grave e F. nucleatum o micro-organismo mais prevalente no biofilme subgengival de animais periodontalmente sadios.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Doenças Periodontais/veterinária , Periodontite/veterinária , Ovinos , Gengiva/microbiologia , Bactérias Anaeróbias , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , MicrobiotaRESUMO
Periodontitis is an inflammatory response in a susceptible host caused by complex microbiota, predominantly composed of Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Aiming to characterize the subgingival bacterial microbiota associated with ovine periodontitis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in subgingival periodontal pocket samples of 14 sheep with severe periodontitis and in subgingival sulcus biofilm of 14 periodontally healthy sheep in search mainly of Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms considered important periodontopathogens. The most prevalent bacteria in the sheep with periodontal lesions were Tannerella forsythia (78.6%), Treponema denticola (78.6%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (64.3%), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (50%), whereas in the healthy sheep, F. nucleatum (42.8%) was the most often detected bacterium. Statistically significant differences were observed for Campylobacter rectus, Enterococcus faecium, Prevotella nigrescens, T. forsythia, and T. denticola (p<0.05) in the sheep with periodontitis in the comparison between groups. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Porphyromonas gulae were not detected in any of the samples analyzed. In conclusion, C. rectus, E. faecium, P. nigrescens, T. forsythia, and T. denticola were associated with severe lesions caused by ovine periodontitis, and F. nucleatum was the most prevalent microorganism in the subgengival sulcus biofilm of healthy sheep.(AU)
Periodontite é a resposta inflamatória de um hospedeiro suscetível causada por complexa microbiota, composta predominantemente por bactérias anaeróbias Gram-negativas. Com o objetivo de caracterizar a microbiota bacteriana subgengival associada à periodontite ovina foi realizada a reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) de amostras de biofilme subgengival de 14 ovinos com a enfermidade e 14 ovinos periodontalmente saudáveis, com destaque para micro-organismos Gram-negativos e Gram-positivos considerados importantes periodontopatógenos. As bactérias mais prevalentes em 14 animais com lesões periodontais foram Tannerella forsythia (78,6%), Treponema denticola (78,6%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (64,3%) e Porphyromonas gingivalis (50%). Entretanto, nos 14 ovinos sem lesões periodontais, F. nucleatum (42,8%) foi a bactéria mais detectada. Associação estatisticamente diferente foi observada para Campylobacter rectus, Enterococcus faecium, Prevotella nigrescens, T. forsythia e T. denticola (p<0,05) nos ovinos com periodontite em comparação entre os dois grupos. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Enterococcus faecalis e Porphyromonas gulae não foram detectados em nenhuma das amostras pesquisadas. Conclui-se que C. rectus, E. faecium, P. nigrescens, T. forsythia e T. denticola estão associados às lesões resultantes da periodontite ovina com manifestação clínica grave e F. nucleatum o micro-organismo mais prevalente no biofilme subgengival de animais periodontalmente sadios.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Doenças Periodontais/veterinária , Periodontite/veterinária , Ovinos , Gengiva/microbiologia , Bactérias Anaeróbias , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , MicrobiotaRESUMO
ABSTRACT: Periodontitis is an inflammatory response in a susceptible host caused by complex microbiota, predominantly composed of Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Aiming to characterize the subgingival bacterial microbiota associated with ovine periodontitis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in subgingival periodontal pocket samples of 14 sheep with severe periodontitis and in subgingival sulcus biofilm of 14 periodontally healthy sheep in search mainly of Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms considered important periodontopathogens. The most prevalent bacteria in the sheep with periodontal lesions were Tannerella forsythia (78.6%), Treponema denticola (78.6%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (64.3%), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (50%), whereas in the healthy sheep, F. nucleatum (42.8%) was the most often detected bacterium. Statistically significant differences were observed for Campylobacter rectus, Enterococcus faecium, Prevotella nigrescens, T. forsythia, and T. denticola (p 0.05) in the sheep with periodontitis in the comparison between groups. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Porphyromonas gulae were not detected in any of the samples analyzed. In conclusion, C. rectus, E. faecium, P. nigrescens, T. forsythia, and T. denticola were associated with severe lesions caused by ovine periodontitis, and F. nucleatum was the most prevalent microorganism in the subgengival sulcus biofilm of healthy sheep.
RESUMO: Periodontite é a resposta inflamatória de um hospedeiro suscetível causada por complexa microbiota, composta predominantemente por bactérias anaeróbias Gram-negativas. Com o objetivo de caracterizar a microbiota bacteriana subgengival associada à periodontite ovina foi realizada a reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) de amostras de biofilme subgengival de 14 ovinos com a enfermidade e 14 ovinos periodontalmente saudáveis, com destaque para micro-organismos Gram-negativos e Gram-positivos considerados importantes periodontopatógenos. As bactérias mais prevalentes em 14 animais com lesões periodontais foram Tannerella forsythia (78,6%), Treponema denticola (78,6%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (64,3%) e Porphyromonas gingivalis (50%). Entretanto, nos 14 ovinos sem lesões periodontais, F. nucleatum (42,8%) foi a bactéria mais detectada. Associação estatisticamente diferente foi observada para Campylobacter rectus, Enterococcus faecium, Prevotella nigrescens, T. forsythia e T. denticola (p 0,05) nos ovinos com periodontite em comparação entre os dois grupos. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Enterococcus faecalis e Porphyromonas gulae não foram detectados em nenhuma das amostras pesquisadas. Conclui-se que C. rectus, E. faecium, P. nigrescens, T. forsythia e T. denticola estão associados às lesões resultantes da periodontite ovina com manifestação clínica grave e F. nucleatum o micro-organismo mais prevalente no biofilme subgengival de animais periodontalmente sadios.