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BACKGROUND: Endotracheal intubation (ETI), which is the gold standard in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), may cause myocardial ischaemia by disturbing the balance between haemodynamic changes and oxygen supply and consumption of the myocardium as a result of sympathetic stimulation. In this study, we aimed to compare two different videolaryngoscopes (C-MAC and Airtraq) in the hemodynamic response to ETI. METHODS: Fifty ASA II...III CABG surgery patients were randomly assigned to C-MAC or Airtraq. The hemodynamic data included arterial blood pressure [systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP) and mean (MAP)] and heart rate (HR) and were recorded at six different points in time: before laryngoscopy-T1, during laryngoscopy-T2, immediately after intubation-T3, and 3 (T4), 5 (T5) and 10 (T6) minutes after intubation. Intraoperative complications were recorded. Patients were questioned about postoperative complications 2 and 24...hours following extubation. RESULTS: The hemodynamic response to ETI was significantly greater with C-MAC. The increase in HR started with the laryngoscopy procedure, whereas increases in SAP, DAP, and MAP started immediately after ETI (p...=...0.024; p...=...0.012; p...=...0.030; p...=...0.009, respectively). In group analyses, T1...T2, T2...T3 and T1...T3 comparisons did not show any significant differences in HR with Airtraq. However, with C-MAC, HR after intubation increased significantly compared to the pre-laryngoscopy values (T1...T3) (p...=...0.004). The duration of laryngoscopy was significantly reduced with C-MAC (p...<...0.001), but the duration of intubation and total intubation were similar (p...=...0.36; p...=...0.79). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to C-MAC, the hemodynamic response to ETI was less with Airtraq. Thus, Airtraq may be preferred in CABG patients for ETI.
RESUMO
Abstract Background: Endotracheal intubation (ETI), which is the gold standard in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), may cause myocardial ischaemia by disturbing the balance between haemodynamic changes and oxygen supply and consumption of the myocardium as a result of sympathetic stimulation. In this study, we aimed to compare two different videolaryngoscopes (C-MAC and Airtraq) in the hemodynamic response to ETI. Methods: Fifty ASA II-III CABG surgery patients were randomly assigned to C-MAC or Airtraq. The hemodynamic data included arterial blood pressure [systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP) and mean (MAP)] and heart rate (HR) and were recorded at six different points in time: before laryngoscopy-T1, during laryngoscopy-T2, immediately after intubation-T3, and 3 (T4), 5 (T5) and 10 (T6) minutes after intubation. Intraoperative complications were recorded. Patients were questioned about postoperative complications 2 and 24hours following extubation. Results: The hemodynamic response to ETI was significantly greater with C-MAC. The increase in HR started with the laryngoscopy procedure, whereas increases in SAP, DAP, and MAP started immediately after ETI (p = 0.024; p = 0.012; p = 0.030; p = 0.009, respectively). In group analyses, T1-T2, T2-T3 and T1-T3 comparisons did not show any significant differences in HR with Airtraq. However, with C-MAC, HR after intubation increased significantly compared to the pre-laryngoscopy values (T1-T3) (p = 0.004). The duration of laryngoscopy was significantly reduced with C-MAC (p < 0.001), but the duration of intubation and total intubation were similar (p = 0.36; p = 0.79). Conclusions: Compared to C-MAC, the hemodynamic response to ETI was less with Airtraq. Thus, Airtraq may be preferred in CABG patients for ETI.
Assuntos
Ponte de Artéria Coronária , Intubação IntratraquealRESUMO
Resumen: Se realizó un ensayo clínico controlado, prospectivo, comparativo, aleatorizado, ciego simple. Objetivo: Determinar la correlación y valor predictivo de las escalas de evaluación de vía aérea e intubación difícil, obesidad, hoja McCoy y videolaringoscopio tipo Airtraq®. Material y métodos: 152 pacientes programados para cirugía, con antecedentes de obesidad y factores de riesgo de ventilación e intubación difícil sometidos a anestesia general. Se formaron dos grupos: grupo 1 intubación con hoja McCoy y grupo 2 videolaringoscopio Airtraq®. Resultados: En la estadística de contraste de ventilación difícil se obtuvo significancia estadística con p < de 0.05 para todos los factores, excepto el ronquido. En predictores de intubación difícil, la clasificación de Mallampati y Cormack-Lehane obtuvo p < 0.05, con sensibilidad de 63 y 68% respectivamente, con valor predictivo negativo alto para todos los factores. El promedio de intentos fue uno y duración de 55-59 segundos en ambos grupos. No hubo diferencias con el uso de hoja McCoy y Airtraq®. Conclusiones: La intubación orotraqueal fue exitosa en 97% de los casos gracias al uso de predictores de intubación difícil y de dispositivos para manejo de la misma.
Abstract: A controlled, prospective, comparative, randomized, simple blind clinical trial was conducted. Objective: Determine the correlation and predictive value of the airway assessment and difficult intubation scales, obesity, McCoy sheet and Airtraq® type videolaryngoscope. Material and methods: 152 patients scheduled for surgery, with a history of obesity and risk factors for difficult ventilation and intubation under general anesthesia. Two groups were formed: group, intubation with McCoy sheet and group 2, Airtraq® videolaryngoscope. Results: In the contrast statistics of difficult ventilation, statistical significance was obtained with p < 0.05 for all factors except snoring. In predictors of difficult intubation, the Mallampati and Cormack-Lehane classification obtained p < 0.05, with sensitivity of 63 and 68% respectively, with a high negative predictive value for all factors. The average of attempts was 1 and duration 55-59 seconds, in both groups. There were not differences with the use of McCoy sheet and Airtraq®. Conclusions: Orotracheal intubation was successful in 97% of cases, thanks to the use of difficult intubation predictors and devices for managing it.
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BACKGROUND: Obesity causes various difficulties in intubation and ventilation, which are confronted due to increased fat tissue in the upper airway and diminished compliance in the chest wall. Videolaryngoscopes and Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway (ILMA) are good options as recommended by the American Society of Anesthesologists (ASA) difficult airway guidelines. We aimed to compare ILMA and Airtraq (a channeled videolaryngoscope) in obese patients. METHODS: Eighty patients with ASA physical status I-III, aged between 18 and 65 years and with a body mass index greater than 35 kg.m-2, who were undergoing elective surgery requiring orotracheal intubation, were included in the study. Patients were intubated with one of the devices cited. RESULTS: There was no difference between the number of intubation attempts, insertion times and need for optimisation manoeuvres of Airtraq and ILMA. The intubation with Airtraq was accomplished in a shorter period of time than in that in the ILMA group (29.9±22.1s vs. 50.7±21.2s; p<0.001). A significant difference was found when the times of total intubation were compared (29.9±22.1s vs. 97.4±42.7s; p<0.001). The mean arterial pressure statistically increased after device insertion in the ILMA group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Airtraq appears to be superior to ILMA in obese patients, with a total of time intubation of less than 60 seconds and with low mean arterial pressure changes. However, ILMA is still a useful tool that provides both ventilation and intubation throughout the whole intubation process.
Assuntos
Intubação Intratraqueal/instrumentação , Máscaras Laríngeas , Laringoscópios , Laringoscopia/instrumentação , Obesidade , Cirurgia Vídeoassistida , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Desenho de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Abstract Background: Obesity causes various difficulties in intubation and ventilation, which are confronted due to increased fat tissue in the upper airway and diminished compliance in the chest wall. Videolaryngoscopes and Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway (ILMA) are good options as recommended by the American Society of Anesthesologists (ASA) difficult airway guidelines. We aimed to compare ILMA and Airtraq (a channeled videolaryngoscope) in obese patients. Methods: Eighty patients with ASA physical status 1-3, aged between 18 and 65 years and with a body mass index greater than 35 kg.m-2, who were undergoing elective surgery requiring orotracheal intubation, were included in the study. Patients were intubated with one of the devices cited. Results: There was no difference between the number of intubation attempts, insertion times and need for optimisation manoeuvres of Airtraq and ILMA. The intubation with Airtraq was accomplished in a shorter period of time than in that in the ILMA group (29.9 ± 22.1s vs. 50.7 ± 21.2s; p < 0.001). A significant difference was found when the times of total intubation were compared (29.9 ± 22.1s vs. 97.4 ± 42.7s; p < 0.001). The mean arterial pressure statistically increased after device insertion in the ILMA group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Airtraq appears to be superior to ILMA in obese patients, with a total of time intubation of less than 60 seconds and with low mean arterial pressure changes. However, ILMA is still a useful tool that provides both ventilation and intubation throughout the whole intubation process.
Resumo Justificativa: A obesidade dificulta a ventilação manual e intubação traqueal devido ao acúmulo de tecido adiposo na via aérea superior e a complacência diminuída na caixa torácica. Os videolaringoscópios e as Máscaras Laríngeas para Intubação (MLI) são alternativas boas para o manuseio da via aérea difícil, de acordo com as diretrizes da Sociedade Americana de Anestesologia (ASA). O objetivo do estudo foi comparar o uso da MLI e do Airtraq, um videolaringoscópio com canal, em pacientes obesos. Método: Estudamos 80 pacientes com classificação ASA I-III, com idades entre 18 e 65 anos e índice de massa corporal acima de 35 kg.m-2, submetidos a cirurgia eletiva com indicação de intubação orotraqueal. Os pacientes foram intubados empregando-se um dos seguintes dispositivos: MLI ou Airtraq. Resultados: Não houve diferença entre o número de tentativas de intubação, tempo de inserção do dispositivo e necessidade de manobras de otimização para o Airtraq e MLI. A intubação com Airtraq foi realizada mais rapidamente do que no Grupo MLI (29,9 ± 22,1 s vs. 50,7 ± 21,2 s; p < 0,001). Houve diferença significante na comparação do tempo total para intubação (29,9 ± 22,1 s vs. 97,4 ± 42,7 s; p < 0,001). Houve aumento estatisticamente significante da pressão arterial média após a inserção do dispositivo no Grupo MLI (p < 0,05). Conclusões: Airtraq parece ser superior a MLI em pacientes obesos, apresentando tempo total de intubação abaixo de 60 segundos e com menor variação na pressão arterial média. Todavia, a MLI ainda é ferramenta útil que propicia tanto ventilação quanto intubação durante todo o processo de manejo da via aérea.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Máscaras Laríngeas , Cirurgia Vídeoassistida , Laringoscópios , Intubação Intratraqueal/instrumentação , Obesidade , Estudos Prospectivos , Desenho de Equipamento , Laringoscopia/instrumentação , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To compare the haemodynamic response and effectiveness of tracheal intubation with Airtraq® device and Macintosh laryngoscope, for airway management of patients between 2 and 8 years undergoing elective surgery. METHODS: A prospective, comparative, randomised and blind clinical trial where the effectiveness of tracheal intubation in 80 paediatric patients undergoing elective surgery was determined. Patients were divided into 2 groups of 40 subjects each: group A, intubated with Airtraq® optical laryngoscope; and group M, intubated with Macintosh laryngoscope. Haemodynamic changes, time and number of attempts at intubation and its complications were evaluated in both. RESULTS: Heart rate was higher in group M from minute 1 to 5 with statistically significant difference (p: .001). The mean, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and EtCO2 values were higher in group M. There were no statistically significant differences in SO2. There was a statistically significant difference in time (group A: 18 ± 4seconds, group M: 27 ± 7seconds) and the number of attempts for intubation were lower for group A (p: .001). Seven patients in group M had post-intubation complications while only one subject had in group A. CONCLUSION: Intubation with Airtraq® device is more effective than Macintosh laryngoscope in terms of reduction of haemodynamic changes, SO2, EtCO2, time and number of attempts for intubation and complications in paediatric patients undergoing elective surgery.
Assuntos
Hemodinâmica , Intubação Intratraqueal/instrumentação , Laringoscópios , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Eletivos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Método Simples-CegoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: We compared intraocular pressure changes following laryngoscopy and intubation with conventional Macintosh blade and Airtraq optical laryngoscope. METHODS: Ninety adult patients were randomly assigned to study group or control group. Study group (n = 45) - Airtraq laryngoscope was used for laryngoscopy. Control group (n = 45) - conventional Macintosh laryngoscope was used for laryngoscopy. Preoperative baseline intraocular pressure was measured with Schiotz tonometer. Laryngoscopy was done as per group protocol. Intraocular pressure and haemodynamic parameters were recorded just before insertion of the device and subsequently three times at an interval of one minute after insertion of the device. RESULTS: Patient characteristics, baseline haemodynamic parameters and baseline intraocular pressure were comparable in the two groups. Following insertion of the endotracheal tube with Macintosh laryngoscope, there was statistically significant rise in heart rate and intraocular pressure compared to Airtraq group. There was no significant change in MAP. Eight patients in Macintosh group had tongue-lip-dental trauma during intubation, while only 2 patients received upper airway trauma in Airtraq group. CONCLUSION: We conclude that Airtraq laryngoscope in comparison to Macintosh laryngoscope results in significantly fewer rises in intraocular pressure and clinically less marked increase in haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation.
JUSTIFICATIVA: Comparar as alterações de pressão intraocular após laringoscopia e intubação com lâmina Macintosh convencional e laringoscópio óptico Airtraq. MÉTODOS: Noventa pacientes adultos foram randomicamente designados para os grupos estudo ou controle. No grupo estudo (n = 45) o laringoscópio Airtraq foi usado para laringoscopia e no grupo controle (n = 45) o laringoscópio Macintosh convencional foi usado para laringoscopia. A pressão intraocular foi mensurada no pré-operatório com tonômetro Schiotz. A laringoscopia foi feita de acordo com o protocolo de cada grupo. Pressão intraocular e parâmetros hemodinâmicos foram registrados logo antes da inserção do dispositivo e três vezes após a inserção do dispositivo, com intervalo de um minuto. RESULTADOS: As características dos pacientes, os parâmetros hemodinâmicos basais e a PIO basal foram comparáveis nos dois grupos. Após a inserção do tubo endotraqueal com o laringoscópio Macintosh, houve um aumento estatisticamente significativo da frequência cardíaca e da pressão intraocular em comparação com o grupo Airtraq. Não houve alteração significativa da PAM. Oito pacientes do grupo Macintosh sofreram trauma de língua-lábio-dental durante a intubação, enquanto apenas dois pacientes sofreram trauma das vias aéreas superiores no grupo Airtraq. CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos que o laringoscópio Airtraq, em comparação com o laringoscópio Macintosh, resultou em elevações significativamente menores da PIO e em aumentos clinicamente menos acentuados da resposta hemodinâmica à laringoscopia e intubação.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Laringoscópios/efeitos adversos , Pressão Intraocular/fisiologia , Intubação Intratraqueal/efeitos adversos , Laringoscopia/efeitos adversos , Método Simples-Cego , Desenho de Equipamento , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Hemodinâmica , Intubação Intratraqueal/instrumentação , Laringoscopia/instrumentação , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: We compared intraocular pressure changes following laryngoscopy and intubation with conventional Macintosh blade and Airtraq optical laryngoscope. METHODS: Ninety adult patients were randomly assigned to study group or control group. Study group (n=45) - Airtraq laryngoscope was used for laryngoscopy. Control group (n=45) - conventional Macintosh laryngoscope was used for laryngoscopy. Preoperative baseline intraocular pressure was measured with Schiotz tonometer. Laryngoscopy was done as per group protocol. Intraocular pressure and haemodynamic parameters were recorded just before insertion of the device and subsequently three times at an interval of one minute after insertion of the device. RESULTS: Patient characteristics, baseline haemodynamic parameters and baseline intraocular pressure were comparable in the two groups. Following insertion of the endotracheal tube with Macintosh laryngoscope, there was statistically significant rise in heart rate and intraocular pressure compared to Airtraq group. There was no significant change in MAP. Eight patients in Macintosh group had tongue-lip-dental trauma during intubation, while only 2 patients received upper airway trauma in Airtraq group. CONCLUSION: We conclude that Airtraq laryngoscope in comparison to Macintosh laryngoscope results in significantly fewer rises in intraocular pressure and clinically less marked increase in haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation.
Assuntos
Pressão Intraocular/fisiologia , Intubação Intratraqueal/efeitos adversos , Laringoscópios/efeitos adversos , Laringoscopia/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Desenho de Equipamento , Feminino , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Hemodinâmica , Humanos , Intubação Intratraqueal/instrumentação , Laringoscopia/instrumentação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Método Simples-CegoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: We compared intraocular pressure changes following laryngoscopy and intubation with conventional Macintosh blade and Airtraq optical laryngoscope. METHODS: Ninety adult patients were randomly assigned to study group or control group. Study group (n=45) - Airtraq laryngoscope was used for laryngoscopy. Control group (n=45) - conventional Macintosh laryngoscope was used for laryngoscopy. Preoperative baseline intraocular pressure was measured with Schiotz tonometer. Laryngoscopy was done as per group protocol. Intraocular pressure and haemodynamic parameters were recorded just before insertion of the device and subsequently three times at an interval of one minute after insertion of the device. RESULTS: Patient characteristics, baseline haemodynamic parameters and baseline intraocular pressure were comparable in the two groups. Following insertion of the endotracheal tube with Macintosh laryngoscope, there was statistically significant rise in heart rate and intraocular pressure compared to Airtraq group. There was no significant change in MAP. Eight patients in Macintosh group had tongue-lip-dental trauma during intubation, while only 2 patients received upper airway trauma in Airtraq group. CONCLUSION: We conclude that Airtraq laryngoscope in comparison to Macintosh laryngoscope results in significantly fewer rises in intraocular pressure and clinically less marked increase in haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: this study investigated the influence of anatomical predictors on difficult laryngoscopy and orotracheal intubation in obese patients by comparing Macintosh and Airtraq™ laryngoscopes. METHODS: from 132 bariatric surgery patients (body mass index ≥ 35 kgm(-1)), cervical perimeter, sternomental distance, interincisor distance, and Mallampati score were recorded. The patients were randomized into two groups according to whether a Macintosh (n=64) or an Airtraq™ (n=68) laryngoscope was used for tracheal intubation. Time required for intubation was the first outcome. Cormack-Lehane score, number of intubation attempts, the Macintosh blade used, any need for external tracheal compression or the use of gum elastic bougie were recorded. Intubation failure and strategies adopted were also registered. RESULTS: intubation failed in two patients in the Macintosh laryngoscope group, and these patients were included as worst cases scenario. The intubation times were 36.9+22.8s and 13.7+3.1s for the Macintosh and Airtraq™ laryngoscope groups (p<0.01), respectively. Cormack-Lehane scores were also lower for the Airtraq™ group. One patient in the Macintosh group with intubation failure was quickly intubated with the Airtraq™. Cervical circumference (p<0.01) and interincisor distance (p<0.05) influenced the time required for intubation in the Macintosh group but not in the Airtraq™ group. CONCLUSION: in obese patients despite increased neck circumference and limited mouth opening, the Airtraq™ laryngoscope affords faster tracheal intubation than the Macintosh laryngoscope, and it may serve as an alternative when conventional laryngoscopy fails.
Assuntos
Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Laringoscópios , Laringoscopia/métodos , Obesidade/cirurgia , Adulto , Cirurgia Bariátrica/métodos , Desenho de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Intubação Intratraqueal/instrumentação , Laringoscopia/instrumentação , Masculino , Pescoço , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Purpose: this study investigated the influence of anatomical predictors on difficult laryngoscopy and orotracheal intubation in obese patients by comparing Macintosh and Airtraq(tm) laryngoscopes. Methods: from 132 bariatric surgery patients (body mass index = 35 kg m-1), cervical perimeter, sternomental distance, interincisor distance, and Mallampati score were recorded. The patients were randomized into two groups according to whether a Macintosh (n = 64) or an Airtraq(tm) (n = 68) laryngoscope was used for tracheal intubation. Time required for intubation was the first outcome. Cormack-Lehane score, number of intubation attempts, the Macintosh blade used, any need for external tracheal compression or the use of gum elastic bougie were recorded. Intubation failure and strategies adopted were also registered. Results: intubation failed in two patients in the Macintosh laryngoscope group, and these patients were included as worst cases scenario. The intubation times were 36.9 + 22.8 s and 13.7 + 3.1 s for the Macintosh and Airtraq(tm) laryngoscope groups (p < 0.01), respectively. Cormack-Lehane scores were also lower for the Airtraq(tm) group. One patient in the Macintosh group with intubation failure was quickly intubated with the Airtraq(tm). Cervical circumference (p < 0.01) and interincisor distance (p < 0.05) influenced the time required for intubation in the Macintosh group but not in the Airtraq(tm) group. Conclusion: in obese patients despite increased neck circumference and limited mouth opening, the Airtraq(tm) laryngoscope affords faster tracheal intubation than the Macintosh laryngoscope, and it may serve as an alternative when conventional laryngoscopy fails. .
Objetivo: esse estudo investigou a influência de preditores anatômicos para laringoscopia e intubação orotraqueal difícil em pacientes obesos mediante a comparação dos laringoscópios Macintosh e Airtraq(r). Métodos: em 132 pacientes de cirurgia bariátrica foram registrados: perímetro cervical, distância esternomentoniana, distância inter-incisivos e escore de Mallampati. Os pacientes foram randomizados em dois grupos, de acordo com o laringoscópio usado para a intubação traqueal: Macintosh (n = 64) ou Airtraq(r) (n = 68). O tempo até a intubação foi o primeiro desfecho. Também foram registrados: escore de Cormack-Lehane, número de tentativas de intubação, lamina Macintosh usada, necessidade de compressão traqueal externa, ou uso de um bougie elástico de borracha. Também foram anotados o insucesso na intubação e as estratégias adotadas. Resultados: houve insucesso na intubação em dois pacientes no grupo com laringoscópio de Macintosh; esses pacientes foram incluídos como o pior cenário de caso. Os tempos para intubação foram 36,9 ± 22,8 seg e 13,7 ± 3,1 seg para os grupos Macintosh e Airtraq(r) (p < 0,01), respectivamente. Os escores de Cormack-Lehane também foram mais baixos para o grupo Airtraq(r). Um paciente no grupo Macintosh com insucesso na intubação foi rapidamente intubado com o laringoscópio Airtraq(r). A circunferência cervical (p < 0,01) e a distância inter-incisivos (p < 0,05) influenciaram o tempo até a intubação no grupo Macintosh, mas não no grupo Airtraq(r). Conclusão: em pacientes obesos, apesar da maior circunferência cervical e da limitada abertura da boca, o laringoscópio Airtraq(r) possibilita uma intubação traqueal mais rápida ...
Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia de los predictores anatómicos en la laringoscopia e intubación orotraqueal difíciles en pacientes obesos comparando el laringoscopio Macintosh y el videolaringoscopio Airtraq(r). Métodos: en 132 pacientes sometidos a cirugía bariátrica (índice de masa corporal = 35 kg/m2), se registraron los valores de perímetro cervical, distancia mentoesternal, distancia interincisivos y puntuación de Mallampati. Los pacientes fueron aleatorizados en 2 grupos de acuerdo con el uso de los laringoscopios Macintosh (n = 64) o Airtraq(r) (n = 68) para intubación traqueal. El resultado primario fue el tiempo necesario para la intubación. Se registraron la puntuación de Cormack-Lehane, el número de intentos de intubación, el uso de lámina Macintosh y cualquier necesidad de compresión traqueal externa o la utilización de introductor del tubo traqueal. Las estrategias de intubación adoptadas y los fallos de las intubaciones también fueron recogidos en el informe. Resultados: en el grupo Macintosh, 2 pacientes presentaron fallo en la intubación y fueron incluidos como los peores casos de intubación. Los tiempos de intubación fueron 36,9 ± 22,8 s y 13,7 ± 3,1 s para los grupos Macintosh y Airtraq(r) (p < 0,01), respectivamente. Las puntuaciones de Cormack-Lehane también fueron menores para el grupo Airtraq(r). Un paciente del grupo Macintosh con fallo de intubación fue rápidamente intubado con el Airtraq(r). La circunferencia cervical (p < 0,01) y la distancia interincisivos (p < 0,05) influyeron en el tiempo necesario para la intubación en el grupo Macintosh, pero no en el grupo Airtraq(r). Conclusión: en los pacientes obesos, a pesar del aumento de la circunferencia del cuello y de la abertura limitada de la boca, el laringoscopio ...
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Laringoscópios , Laringoscopia/métodos , Obesidade/cirurgia , Cirurgia Bariátrica/métodos , Desenho de Equipamento , Intubação Intratraqueal/instrumentação , Laringoscopia/instrumentação , Pescoço , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Antecedentes: Una de las responsabilidades fundamentales del anestesiólogo es establecer y mantener la vía aérea permeable en cualquier situación clínica que conlleve un compromiso de la misma. Objetivo: Evaluar y comparar la eficacia y seguridad del tubo endotraqueal y el uso del Airtraq en el abordaje de la vía aérea difícil. Material y método: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, comparativo y aleatorizado entre los meses de julio del 2008 y agosto del 2010 en pacientes mayores de 18 años con probabilidad de vía aérea difícil, intervenidos quirúrgica con anestesia general orotraqueal, en el CIMEQ. Se dividieron en dos grupos de 25 cada uno. El Grupo A se utilizó el Airtraq y en el M se utilizó el laringoscopio Macintosh. Resultados: El tiempo de la intubación en el grupo A fue menor que en el grupo M (18.8 ± 6.5 seg) contra (35.9 ± 20.6 seg). El éxito de la intubación fue 100 % en el Grupo A versus 68 % en el Grupo M. Aparecieron menos complicaciones en el Grupo A (4 %) versus 32 % en el otro Grupo M. Los valores de tensión arterial media y frecuencia cardiaca durante la intubación y a los 3 minutos de realizada la misma, también fueron menores en el grupo A, con diferencias significativos estadísticamente. Conclusiones: El Airtraq es seguro y eficaz en el abordaje de la vía aérea difícil predicha.
Backgrounds: One of the main responsibilities of the anesthesiologist is to establish and to maintain a permeable airway in any clinical situation entailing its involvement. Objective: To assess and to compare the efficacy and safety of endotracheal tube and the use of Airtraq in the approach of a difficult airway. Material and Methods: A randomized, comparative and prospective study was conducted between July, 2008 and August, 2010 in patients aged over 18 with a probable difficult airway, operated on using orotracheal general anesthesia in CIMEQ, who were divided into two groups of 25 patients each. In A group we used Airtraq and in M group we used the Macintosh laryngoscope. Results: Intubation time in the A group was less than in the M group (18.8 ± 6.5 sec) versus (35.9 ± 20.6 sec). The success rate was of 100% in the A group versus 68 % in the M one. There were less complications in the A group (4%) versus 32% in the M group. Values of mean arterial pressure and the heart rate during intubation and at three minutes after it were less in the A group, with statistically significant differences. Conclusions: Airtraq is safe and effective in the approach of above mentioned difficult airway.
RESUMO
Introducción: La vía respiratoria anatómicamente difícil, resulta un reto al anestesiólogo. Múltiples son las opciones que existen para resolverlas. Recientemente, el laringoscopio óptico Airtraq ®, constituye una opción válida para abordar la tráquea en estas condiciones. Objetivos: Proporcionar la enseñanza de un nuevo dispositivo para el abordaje de la vía respiratoria anatómicamente difícil. Desarrollo: Se propuso realizar el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje con el laringoscopio óptico Airtraq ® para adquirir las habilidades suficientes y necesarias para poder realizar el abordaje de la vía respiratoria en general y de la vía respiratoria anatómicamente difícil en particular. Se describió la forma de colocar el dispositivo y las ventajas de su uso. Conclusiones: El Airtraq ®, es un dispositivos para el abordaje de la vía respiratoria anatómicamente difícil que puede ser utilizado de forma rápida y fácil.
Introduction: The airway anatomically difficult is a challenge for anesthesiologist. There many options for its solution. Recently, the optical laryngoscope Airtraq®, is a valid option to approach the trachea in these conditions. Objectives: To teach on a new device to approach the airway anatomically difficult. Development: We propose to carry out the teaching process with optical laryngoscope Airtraq® to acquire abilities sufficient and necessary to carry out the approach of the airway in general and of the airway anatomically difficult in particular. We described the way to insert the device and the advantages of its use. Conclusions: Airtraq® is a device to approach this type of airway that may to be used in a fast and easy way.