RESUMO

Acute kidney injury (AKI) can be defined as the sudden loss of renal function associated with structural changes in the kidneys. Currently, 13.3 million people die of AKI around the world. Normally aerobic exercise is used both as/for the treatment and prevention of high blood pressure, metabolic disease and Diabetes mellitus (DM). Nevertheless, exercise preconditioning must be a crucial resource in the prevention and mitigation of AKI. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the exercise preconditioning on renal IR (ischemic/reperfusion) experimental model. Male Wistars rats were divided into three groups (n = 9): sham (S), ischemic/reperfusion (IR), exercise + ischemic/reperfusion (EX + IR). IR renal injury was induced by clamping the bilateral renal artery for 45 min. The rats were subjected to exercise 5 days a week for 4 weeks with progressive intensity and duration. The group treated with exercise preconditioning, showed additional improvements in various parameters, including serum creatinine, proteinuria, and decrease of the severity of the tubular injury and activated caspase-3 levels (P < 0.05). The previous aerobic exercise-induced renoprotection in the IR injury. We anticipate that the practice of physical exercise in healthy individuals can also be useful for the prevention and attenuation of AKI.

Assuntos

RESUMO

We exposed chicken embryos at embryonating day (ED18) to a cell-adapted very virulent strain of IBDV (ca-vvIBDV) and original vvIBDV and examined the apoptosis from infected bursa of Fabricius (BF) and thymus organs. Following ca-vvIBDV exposure, embryonic bursa showed mild cellular destruction, lower rate of apoptosis and presence of viral proteins detectable by immunohistochemistry. In contrary, original vvIBDV exposed embryos had an enhanced detectable changes in the bursa associated to an increase apoptotic events, and most of the times, total destruction of BF follicles. In thymus, viral antigen was detectable until after hatch. Positives cell signals to activated caspase-3 were intensively detect in embryos lymphoid tissues exposed to original vvIBDV observed in BF and less in thymus. No immunoreactive thymocytes were visualized in embryos exposed to ca-vvIBDV. Apoptosis changes, such as chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and the appearance of apoptotic nuclear bodies, were observed in both organs. TUNEL-detected DNA was more intense in original vvIBDV infected lymphoid cells, and less apoptotic cells were detectable in attenuated strain. By sequencing analysis, the attenuation presented amino acid changes at position 222 (AP), 256 (IV) and 279 (DN). One serine in the serine-rich heptapeptide (position 333) was substituted into other amino acid which is similar

RESUMO

We exposed chicken embryos at embryonating day (ED18) to a cell-adapted very virulent strain of IBDV (ca-vvIBDV) and original vvIBDV and examined the apoptosis from infected bursa of Fabricius (BF) and thymus organs. Following ca-vvIBDV exposure, embryonic bursa showed mild cellular destruction, lower rate of apoptosis and presence of viral proteins detectable by immunohistochemistry. In contrary, original vvIBDV exposed embryos had an enhanced detectable changes in the bursa associated to an increase apoptotic events, and most of the times, total destruction of BF follicles. In thymus, viral antigen was detectable until after hatch. Positives cell signals to activated caspase-3 were intensively detect in embryos lymphoid tissues exposed to original vvIBDV observed in BF and less in thymus. No immunoreactive thymocytes were visualized in embryos exposed to ca-vvIBDV. Apoptosis changes, such as chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and the appearance of apoptotic nuclear bodies, were observed in both organs. TUNEL-detected DNA was more intense in original vvIBDV infected lymphoid cells, and less apoptotic cells were detectable in attenuated strain. By sequencing analysis, e attenuation presented amino acid changes at position 222 (A→→P), 256 (I→V) and 279 (D→N). One serine in the serine-rich heptapeptide (position 333) was substituted into other amino acid which is similar to the IBDV vaccine strain. Taken together our results indicate that virus attenuation interferes with caspase-3 apoptotic pathway and may play an important role in switch viral pathogenesis.

Assuntos