RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Patients with aphasia can present a type of acalculia referred to as aphasic acalculia. AIMS: To investigate the correlation and to test regression models for one- and two-digit calculation skills using verbal and nonverbal predictors. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: We selected an aphasia sample of 119 men and 81 women with a mean age of 57.37 years (SD = 15.56) and an average level of education of 13.52 years (SD = 4.08). Spanish versions of the Western Aphasia Battery and Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination, plus a Written Calculation test, were individually administered. The calculation section of the Western Aphasia Battery and the Written Calculation tests were used to pinpoint calculation difficulties. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: Calculation difficulties were more severe in Global and Mixed non-fluent aphasia; they were very similar in Broca, Conduction, and Amnesic Aphasia. All correlations between the two calculation subtests and the other subtests of the Western Aphasia Battery were statistically significant. Calculation subtests correlated negatively with age and positively with schooling. Sex and time post-onset did not show any correlation with the calculation scores. Education, Reading, Block Design, and Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices were significant predictors of Western Aphasia Battery Calculation. Writing was the only significant predictor of the Written Calculation scores. CONCLUSIONS: Nonverbal abilities were predictors of calculation tests, whereas agraphia defects were predictors of the Written Calculation test. Therefore, calculation abilities can be regarded both as written language-dependent and verbal language-independent.
Assuntos
Afasia , Discalculia , Afasia/diagnóstico , Escolaridade , Feminino , Humanos , Idioma , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes NeuropsicológicosRESUMO
El síndrome de Gerstmann es una rara enfermedad neurológica de causa vascular que afecta al lóbulo parietal. Se reporta el caso de un paciente masculino de 63 años con antecedentes patológicos personales de miocardiopatía dilatada. El 24 de enero de 2016 en horas de la mañana presentó de forma súbita pérdida de la conciencia con caída al suelo. Después de recuperarse tuvo estado confusional, desorientación topográfica de breve duración y dificultad para la expresión del lenguaje y la nominación de los objetos, por esta causa se decide su ingreso, durante el cual se realiza resonancia magnética simple de cráneo donde se observó imagen hipointensa en FLAIR en región parietal izquierda compatible con lesión isquémica. Se efectuó evaluación neuropsicológica encontrándose: agnosia digital, agrafia, acalculia y confusión derecha-izquierda. Se diagnostica un síndrome de Gerstmann completo(AU)
Gerstmann syndrome is a rare neurological disease of vascular cause that affects the parietal lobe. The case is reported of a 63-year-old male patient with a personal pathological history of dilated cardiomyopathy. In the morning of January 24, 2016, the patient presented sudden loss of consciousness with a fall to the ground. After recovering, he experienced a confusion state, short-lived topographical disorientation, and difficulty in expressing language and the naming of objects, a reason why his admittance was decided. During the admittance, simple magnetic resonance imaging to the skull was performed, which permitted to observe a hypo-intense image in FLAIR in the left parietal region and that was compatible with an ischemic lesion. A neuropsychological evaluation was performed: digital agnosia, agraphia, acalculia and confusion regarding right or left. A whole Gerstmann syndrome was diagnosed.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Síndrome de Gerstmann/história , Síndrome de Gerstmann/epidemiologia , Relatos de CasosRESUMO
El síndrome de Gerstmann es una rara enfermedad neurológica de causa vascular que afecta al lóbulo parietal. Se reporta el caso de un paciente masculino de 63 años con antecedentes patológicos personales de miocardiopatía dilatada. El 24 de enero de 2016 en horas de la mañana presentó de forma súbita pérdida de la conciencia con caída al suelo. Después de recuperarse tuvo estado confusional, desorientación topográfica de breve duración y dificultad para la expresión del lenguaje y la nominación de los objetos, por esta causa se decide su ingreso, durante el cual se realiza resonancia magnética simple de cráneo donde se observó imagen hipointensa en FLAIR en región parietal izquierda compatible con lesión isquémica. Se efectuó evaluación neuropsicológica encontrándose: agnosia digital, agrafia, acalculia y confusión derecha-izquierda. Se diagnostica un síndrome de Gerstmann completo(AU)
Gerstmann syndrome is a rare neurological disease of vascular cause that affects the parietal lobe. The case is reported of a 63-year-old male patient with a personal pathological history of dilated cardiomyopathy. In the morning of January 24, 2016, the patient presented sudden loss of consciousness with a fall to the ground. After recovering, he experienced a confusion state, short-lived topographical disorientation, and difficulty in expressing language and the naming of objects, a reason why his admittance was decided. During the admittance, simple magnetic resonance imaging to the skull was performed, which permitted to observe a hypo-intense image in FLAIR in the left parietal region and that was compatible with an ischemic lesion. A neuropsychological evaluation was performed: digital agnosia, agraphia, acalculia and confusion regarding right or left. A whole Gerstmann syndrome was diagnosed.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Síndrome de Gerstmann/história , Síndrome de Gerstmann/epidemiologia , Relatos de CasosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: From a neuropsychological point of view calculation is a very complex function. A simple arithmetic operation demands many neurocognitive mechanisms that involve verbal, spatial and graphical processing, memory and attention. OBJECTIVE: To verify the calculation and number processing of healthy subjects and the effect of gender, age and schooling on their performance. METHOD: Forty-four normal subjects without complaints or neurological changes were evaluated. RESULTS: The educational level was significantly linked to performance in the majority of tests of the EC 301 battery, whereas no differences were noted regarding age and gender. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of the data of the healthy population shown in this study indicated that educational level can affect calculation and number processing, It is possible to note that battery EC 301 demonstrated sensitivity for appraisal of these abilities and therefore can be employed for clinical assessment in calculation and number disorders.
INTRODUÇÃO: O cálculo do ponto de vista neuropsicológico é uma função muito complexa. Em uma simples operação aritmética estão envolvidos diversos processos neurocognitivos que envolvem os processamentos verbais, espaciais, gráficos, atenção e memória. OBJETIVO: Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar o desempenho de indivíduos saudáveis, no processamento numérico e de cálculo, através da bateria EC 301 e verificar as interferências do sexo, da idade e da escolaridade no desempenho destes indivíduos. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 44 sujeitos normais sem queixas e/ou alterações neurológicas. RESULTADOS: O nível educacional mostrou-se fortemente relacionado ao desempenho obtido na maioria das provas da bateria EC 301, enquanto em relação ao sexo e idade não foram encontradas diferenças. CONCLUSÃO: Os dados encontrados na população avaliada neste estudo mostraram que o nível educacional pode influenciar o desempenho do processamento numérico e de cálculo, sendo possível observar que a bateria EC 301 mostrou-se sensível para avaliar estas habilidades, podendo assim ser utilizada na avaliação clínica dos distúrbios numéricos e de cálculo.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Processos Mentais/fisiologia , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Resolução de Problemas/fisiologia , Fatores Etários , Brasil , Escolaridade , Matemática , Projetos Piloto , Valores de Referência , Adulto JovemRESUMO
A historical review of calculation abilities is presented. Counting, starting with finger sequencing, has been observed in different ancient and contemporary cultures, whereas number representation and arithmetic abilities are found only during the last 5000-6000 years. The rationale for selecting a base of ten in most numerical systems and the clinical association between acalculia and finger agnosia are analyzed. Finger agnosia (as a restricted form of autotopagnosia), right-left discrimination disturbances, semantic aphasia, and acalculia are proposed to comprise a single neuropsychological syndrome associated with left angular gyrus damage. A classification of calculation disturbances resulting from brain damage is presented. It is emphasized that using historical/anthropological analysis, it becomes evident that acalculia, finger agnosia, and disorders in right-left discrimination (as in general, in the use of spatial concepts) must constitute a single clinical syndrome, resulting from the disruption of some common brain activity and the impairment of common cognitive mechanisms.