RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Cervical cancer precursor lesions occur due to persistent infection caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). One of the challenges of the Pap test is detecting lesions at a high risk of evolving into cancer. In this context, differentiating patients at low and high risk of developing cervical cancer becomes necessary. The Swede score, a standardized point system assigned based on colposcopy, is the most commonly used method to evaluate suspicious lesions. However, access to colposcopy is limited in low-income countries. It is, therefore, important to assess the applicability of less costly diagnostic methods in these situations to avoid a late diagnosis of cervical cancer. OBJECTIVE: To analyze histological outcomes of cytology tests with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US and ASC-H) and to compare the performance of the Swede score with and without colposcopy. METHODS: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee via Plataforma Brasil (CAAE no. 41958320.6.0000.5259) and conducted by applying colposcopy score and naked eye score to patients with cytology alterations (ASC-US and ASC-H), with posterior analysis of cytological and histological results and comparison between the scores. RESULTS: A total of 34 women aged ranging from 24 to 65 years, with results of atypia with undetermined significance (ASC-US and ASC-H), were included in the study. The receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated for the naked eye inspection Swede score. The cut-off of 6 was considered to indicate the best sensitivity and specificity (55.56% and 93.75%, respectively). Then, the positive and negative predictive values were 90.91% and 65.22%, respectively. By increasing the cut-off to 7, specificity increased to 100%. For the colposcopic inspection, a cut-off of 6 indicates better specificity and positive predictive value (both 100%), whereas the negative predictive value was 57.14%. CONCLUSION: The correlation between the colposcopic and naked-eye Swede scores was statistically significant (0.82). Further studies with larger samples are important to establish the actual applicability of the naked eye method; however, in the absence of colposcopy, this appears to be an effective and very helpful method to make diagnostic decisions regarding HPV-induced lesions.
Assuntos
Células Escamosas Atípicas do Colo do Útero , Infecções por Papillomavirus , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Papillomavirus Humano , BrasilRESUMO
En nuestro país, el cáncer de cuello uterino es aún la neoplasia maligna más frecuente en mujeres. Como prueba de tamizaje se utiliza el examen de Papanicolaou o citología cérvico-vaginal, el cual es informado utilizando el Sistema de Bethesda. En dicho sistema, la categoría ASC-H (atypícal squamous cells - cannot exclude HSIL-high grade squamous epithelial lesions, por sus siglas en inglés) designa los casos con presencia de células escamosas atípicas en las cuales los cambios son sugestivos de una lesión intraepitelial escamosa de alto grado pero insuficientes para una interpretación citopatológica definitiva, por lo que es importante determinar la correlación citohistológica de esta categoría. Objetivo. Correlacionar los resultados citopatológicos informados como ASC-H con los diagnósticos histopatológicos. Diseño. Estudio de tipo descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo. Material. Citología cérvico-vaginal e histopatología. Métodos. Se revisó los casos con estudio citopatológico realizado entre enero de 2013 y julio de 2015, y con estudio histopatológico hasta un año después. Mediante la base de datos se determinó la cantidad poblacional y los diagnósticos. Se consideró como prueba de oro el diagnóstico histopatológico. Principales medidas de resultados. Correlación cito-histológica en casos de ASC-H. Resultados. Durante el período de estudio se realizaron 53 716 estudios de citología cérvico-vaginal convencional; de estos, 119 fueron catalogados como ASC-H; finalmente, 43 casos (0,07%) cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. El rango de edad de las pacientes fue de 22 a 70 años, siendo la media 43,8 años. El 42% de casos de ASC-H tuvo el diagnóstico de NIC2 y NIC3 en el estudio histopatológico. Conclusión. Se encontró una correlación entre los resultados de ASC-H y las lesiones intraepiteliales de alto grado (NIC II y NIC III), que concuerda con la encontrada en la bibliografía.
Cervical cancer is the most prevalent neoplasm in women in our country. The Papanicolaou test is used as a screening test, and is reported using the Bethesda System. In this system, the ASC-H (atypical squamous cells - cannot exclude HSIL-high grade squamous epithelial lesions) category designates cases with atypical squamous cells, where the changes are suggestive of a high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion but insufficient for a definitive cytopathologic interpretation. It becomes important to determine the cyto-histological correlation in this group. Objective: To correlate cytopathologic results reported as ASC-H with histopathological diagnoses. Designs: Descriptive, cross sectional retrospective study. Material: Cervicovaginal cytology and histology. Method: We reviewed the cases with a cytologicalpathological study between January 2013 and July 2015 and with a histopathological study until a year later. The population and diagnoses were determined using the database. Histopathological diagnosis was considered as the gold standard. Main outcome measures: Cyto-histological correlation in ASC-H cases. Results: Out of the total of 53 716 cervical cytology studies performed during the study period, 119 were classified as ASC-H; 43 (0.07%) cases met the inclusion criteria. The age ranged between 22 and 70 years, with an average of 43.8 years; 42% of ASC-H cases were diagnosed as presenting CIN2 and CIN3 in the histopathological study. Conclusion: This study showed correlation between ASC-H results and high-grade intraepithelial lesions (CIN2 and CIN3), in line with findings in the literature.