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Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative disorder caused by human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection. KS manifests as vascular and mucosal nodules and is classified into four subtypes based on epidemiology, clinical presentation, histopathology, and HHV-8/human immunodeficiency virus serology. Here, we present a unique case of classic KS in an 84-year-old immunocompetent Haitian male patient, highlighting the rarity of this variant in this population. Additionally, our article delves into the broader context by reviewing a few documented cases of classic KS in the Caribbean region.

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Grapes are globally popular with wine production being one of the most well-known uses of grapes worldwide. Brazil has a growing wine industry, and the Serra Gaúcha region is a significant contributor to the country's wine production. Nonetheless, other states are increasing their relevance in this segment. Environmental factors and the soil microbiome (bacteria and fungi) heavily influence grape quality, shaping the crucial "terroir" for wines. Here, soil quality was assessed through nutrient analysis and bacteria microbial diversity, which could significantly impact grape health and final wine attributes. Soil samples from São Paulo's vineyards, focusing on Syrah, Malbec, and Cabernet Sauvignon, underwent chemical and microbial analysis via 16S rRNA metabarcoding and highlighted significant differences in soil composition between vineyards. Statistical analyses including PCA and CAP showcased region-based separation and intricate associations between microbiota, region, and grape variety. Correlation analysis pinpointed microbial genera linked to specific soil nutrients. Random Forest analysis identified abundant bacterial genera per grape variety and the Network analysis revealed varied co-occurrence patterns, with Cabernet Sauvignon exhibiting complex microbial interactions. This study unveils complex relationships between soil microbiota, nutrients, and diverse grape varieties in distinct vineyard regions. Understanding how these specific microorganisms are associated with grapes can improve vineyard management, grape quality, and wine production. It can also potentially optimize soil health, bolster grapevine resilience against pests and diseases, and contribute to the unique character of wines known as terroir.

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This study aimed to conduct a scoping review to know children and adolescents' main oral health concerns with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and thus identify any oral characteristic that stands out, aiming at preventive and interceptive clinical conduct. A search was performed in the three electronic databases and the gray literature; in September 2021. A total of 562 studies were identified, and after applying the eligibility criteria, 73 articles were included in the synthesis of this scoping review. The mean decayed, lost, and restored teeth index (DMFT/dfmt) ranged from 0 to 12.37; the mean DMFT index (permanent dentition) from 0.06 to 6.2; and the average dmft index (deciduous dentition) ranged from 0.29 to 9.91. The mean simplified oral hygiene index (OHIS) ranged from 0 to 3.4; gingival index (GI) from 0.29 to 2; and plaque index (PI) from 0.005 to 3.15. Plaque prevalence was 25.9% to 90%; dental calculus from 4.7% to 59.41%; gingivitis from 36.7% to 100%. Bruxism was 10.3% to 73%, and dental trauma was 4.7% to 100%. This disparity in the results shows the heterogeneity of this population, with different degrees of socio-behavioral impairment, which can directly influence oral hygiene and the consequent accumulation of biofilm.

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BACKGROUND: Eating disorders and food ingestion (EDs) are serious mental illnesses with a higher prevalence in young adults, with difficult diagnoses that cause serious morbidity and mortality problems. There is not much information about the risk of positive screening for EDs, specifically, anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) and night eating syndrome (NES) in undergraduate medical interns (UMI) and medical residents (MR) in Mexico. AIM: To determine the risk of AN, BN and NES and to determine the risk factors of such conditions such as age, body mass index (BMI) and gender of MR and UMI with AN/BN and NES at four private hospitals in northeastern Mexico. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive, non-randomized survey in MR and UMI in four hospitals in Northeastern Mexico was conducted using an electronic questionnaire that included: informed consent signature, SCOFF questionnaire for AN and BN screening, NES questionnaire. Also, a survey on general sociodemographic data of each participant was included. Chi-square test and a logistic regression model were computed for analyses. RESULTS: The population included a total of 129 MR and UMI. It was observed that 48.8% were positive for AN or BN and 32.6% were positive for the NES. There was no difference between age, sex, BMI, or medical specialty (if they were MR); however, MR from the first year had a higher risk of AN or BN (OR 23.7, 95% CI 1.181-475.266). CONCLUSIONS: There was a higher risk of positive screening for AN or BN and NES in UMI and MR in our population. In the case of MR, those in first year have a higher risk of AN and BN. Timely diagnosis and treatment are mandatory in this population.

Eating disorders and food ingestion such as anorexia (AN) or bulimia (BN) nervosa and night eating syndrome (NES) are a group of mental illnesses that are frequently under diagnosed. Medical residents (MR) and undergraduate medical interns (UMI) are a high-risk population for such disorders due to their young age, stress environments, erratic eating patterns and long working hours. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of AN, BN and NES and to determine the risk factors of such conditions. One hundred twenty-nine UMI and MR were studied and showed that 48.8% were positive for AN or BN and 32.6% were positive for NES. MR in the first year of medical residency had a higher risk. Timely diagnosis and treatment are mandatory in this population.

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Resumen Presentamos el caso de una mujer joven sana, que consultó por parálisis facial periférica izquierda asociada a fiebre, tos seca, disnea y astenia de dos semanas de evolución. Al examen físico se evidenció hipoestesia en dermatomas D6 a D12 izquierdos y galactorrea bi lateral. En el laboratorio presentaba serologías virales negativas, eritrosedimentación, títulos de anticuerpos antinucleares, prolactina y hormona tiroestimulante elevados, con anticuerpos antiperoxidasa positivos. La tomografía computarizada mostró múltiples adenopatías cervicales, mediastinales e hiliares bilaterales, sin com promiso del parénquima pulmonar. El cultivo de líquido cefalorraquídeo fue negativo para gérmenes comunes, micobacterias (Xpert MTB/RIF), y la citología no mostró atipia. Se realizó una resonancia magnética con con traste endovenoso de cerebro sin hallazgos patológicos y de columna con alteración de la señal centromedular de D6 a D9 de casi la totalidad del espesor del cordón, con refuerzo con contraste endovenoso. Durante la in ternación recuperó la sensibilidad en tronco izquierdo y no repitió episodios febriles o tusígenos. Se realizó mediastinoscopía con biopsia ganglionar con anatomía patológica con presencia de numerosos granulomas no caseificantes compatibles con sarcoidosis. Se clasificó como neurosarcoidosis probable e inició tratamiento con corticoides con mejoría de los síntomas neurológi cos restantes, realizándose una resonancia magnética a los tres meses, donde la alteración de la señal se limitaba desde D7 a D8. Nuestro objetivo es destacar la presentación neurológica en múltiples sitios que obligó a descartar otras entidades más frecuentes, así como la evolución favorable incluso previo al inicio de un esquema de tratamiento de primera línea.

Abstract We present the case of a healthy young woman who consulted for left peripheral facial palsy associated with fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and asthenia of two weeks' evolution. Physical examination revealed hypoesthesia in left T6 to T12 dermatomes and bilateral galactorrhea. In the laboratory, she presented negative viral serology, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, antinuclear an tibody titers, prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone, with positive antiperoxidase antibodies. Computed to mography showed multiple bilateral cervical, mediastinal, and hilar adenopathies, without involvement of lung parenchyma. Cerebrospinal fluid culture was negative for common germs, mycobacteria, and Xpert MTB/RIF, and cytology did not show atypia. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance was performed on the brain without pathological findings and on the spine with alteration of the centromedullary signal from T6 to T9 of almost the entire thickness of the cord, with posterior enhancement with gadolinium. During hospitalization, she recovered sensitivity in the left trunk and did not repeat febrile or cough episodes. She was referred to another center for mediastinoscopy with lymph node biopsy revealing the presence of numerous non-caseating granulomas compatible with sarcoidosis. It was classified as probable neurosarcoidosis and started treatment with corticoste roids with improvement of the remaining neurological symptoms. A magnetic resonance was performed three months later where the signal alteration was limited from T7 to T8. Our objective is to highlight the florid neu rological presentation that made it necessary to rule out other more frequent entities and the favorable evolution even before starting a first-line scheme of treatment.

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A pesquisa a qual tratamos neste artigo visou a produção de questões clínicas do trabalho com Agentes Socioeducadores, problematizando a expansão do poder de agir em meio às tensões educar/punir/vigiar características do exercício neste campo. Amparamo-nos na Clínica da Atividade e Ergologia. Tais perspectivas afirmam que trabalhar implica em gerir a distância entre o prescrito e o real, buscando analisar como trabalhadores efetuam cotidianamente microgestões dos processos laborais mediante imprevisibilidades e os modos como experimentam o trabalho, produzindo transformações através de relações entre si e o mundo. A metodologia operou pela pesquisa-intervenção cartográfica, utilizando diários de campo, observações, análise documental, acompanhamento das situações concretas de trabalho, formação de espaços coletivos junto aos trabalhadores e Instrução ao Sósia. As análises permitiram explorar peculiaridades da dinâmica expansão-constrangimento do poder de agir no trabalho da Socioeducação, discutindo que cuidar da saúde pelo cuidado do ofício abre perspectivas para a instauração de relação éticas por entre a expansão do poder de agir no trabalho socioeducativo.(AU)

The research we covered in this article aimed at the production of clinical questions of the work with Socioeducational Agents, problematizing the expansion of the power to act amid the tensions to educate / punish / monitor characteristics of the exercise in this field. We are supported by the Clinic of Activity and Ergology. Such perspectives affirm that working implies managing the distance between what is prescribed and what is real, seeking to analyze how workers perform micro-management of work processes on a daily basis through unpredictability and the ways in which they experience work, producing transformations through relationships between themselves and the world. The methodology operated by cartographic research-intervention, using field diaries, observations, document analysis, monitoring of concrete work situations, formation of collective spaces with workers and Instruction to the Double. The analyzes allowed to explore peculiarities of the dynamic expansion-constraint of the power to act in the work of Socioeducation, arguing that taking care of health by taking care of the work opens up perspectives for the establishment of ethical relationships between the expansion of the power to act in socio-educational work.(AU)

Esta investigación que cubrimos en este artículo tuvo como objetivo la producción de preguntas clínicas del trabajo con Agentes Socioeducativos, problematizando la expansión del poder de actuar en medio de las tensiones para educar / sancionar / monitorear características del ejercicio en este campo. Nos avala la Clínica de Actividad y Ergología. Tales perspectivas afirman que trabajar implica gestionar la distancia entre lo prescrito y lo real, buscando analizar cómo los trabajadores realizan la microgestión de los procesos de trabajo en el día a día a través de la imprevisibilidad y las formas en que viven el trabajo, produciendo transformaciones a través de las relaciones entre ellos mismos y el mundo. La metodología operada por investigación-intervención cartográfica, utilizando diarios de campo, observaciones, análisis documental, seguimiento de situaciones concretas de trabajo, formación de espacios colectivos con trabajadores e Instrucción a Sósia. Los análisis permitieron explorar peculiaridades de la dinámica expansión-constreñimiento del poder de actuar en el trabajo de Socioeducación, argumentando que cuidar la salud cuidando el trabajo abre perspectivas para el establecimiento de relaciones éticas entre la expansión del poder de actuar en el trabajo socioeducativo.(AU)

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Simulation and rigorous design of industrial dryers combine a large number of models, which feed three fundamental balances: (1) mass; (2) energy; and (3) quantity of movement of the material through the dryer. Many of these models represent physical phenomena affecting the three balances at the same time, which makes these calculations extremely complex, hence, accurate models are essential. The hypothesis that the kinetic stage of drying of any material culminates in the thermodynamic moisture equilibrium between solid and drying gas has been in effect for many years. However, recent findings show that there is a transition stage between the kinetic stage and the thermodynamic equilibrium, which, experimentally, looks like an equilibrium. The beginning of this transition stage or dynamic pseudo-equilibrium stage would mark the end of the drying kinetics models, which has been named as the dynamic pseudo-equilibrium moisture contents (Xdpe). The non-observance of this phenomenon presupposes a model limited in its prediction capacity, especially in the last stages of drying and even more so at low drying temperatures. As a consequence, sizes of industrial dryers could be underestimated during the simulation and rigorous design process, or underestimate drying times, in batch dryers. On the other hand, the optimal conditions may never be found, during the optimization of existing industrial drying processes. The objective of this work is to present the procedure to determine Xdpe, during the experimental determination of drying curves of any material. Likewise, to propose the practical moisture ratio, which uses Xdpe, instead of the equilibrium moisture, to be used in the modeling of the drying kinetics.•The drying process is divided into three stages: kinetic, transition, and equilibrium.•The dynamic pseudo-equilibrium moisture content divides the kinetic and the transition stages.•The practical moisture ratio should be used in rigorous industrial dryer design calculations.

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Many papers offer methods for preparing a systematic literature review. These methods assume that the researchers have some experience in research, are proficient in English, and that the research objective is solely a literature review. This article presents a systematic method for preparing a literature review aimed at novice researchers who have four to twelve weeks to develop their work and do not have the guidance of a professor. Originality is associated with the objective of the literature review. The proposed method aims to elaborate the literature section of a technical article, while the other methods aim to elaborate a literature review article. The method's flexible structure allows for increasing the depth of the results according to the researcher's capacity. Another innovation of the presented method consists of a structure that allows the simultaneous consideration of international and national literature.•This paper introduces a systematized method to guide novice researchers in preparing the literature review section of their research.•The method has an easy-to-follow structure that does not require the novice researcher to follow up with a professor.•The method allows adjusting the depth level of the international literature review through the number of articles subject to content analysis, exploring the international and national literature through a set of materials (graphs, forms, and figures) that facilitate and speed up the elaboration, synthesis, and presentation of the results.

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Abstract Happiness and achieving quality of life primarily depends on the nature of the place in which we live. The religious/spiritual factor is considered a basic factor for understanding the quality of life of individuals. The study at hand used the Arabic version of WHOQoL-SRPB to analyze the religious and spiritual factor affecting the quality of life in Islamic holy cities. The scale was applied to 671 residents of Medina with an average age of 51.6 years, of which 527 (78.5 %) are males and 144 (21.5 %) are females, and they are all Muslims. The results showed that all factors have good internal consistency, since the Alpha Cronbach value was .81 at a significant level of p < .001, and its value for the factors ranged between .75-.89, which are high values and significant at p < .001 except for the "Wholeness" factor, which was significant at p < .01. Moreover, the results of the intra-class correlations coefficients (ICC) test showed that all WHOQoL-SRPB factors are acceptable, as their values ranged between (.82-.93), and all of them were significant at p < .001.

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BACKGROUND: Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are critical for sustaining spermatogenesis. Even though several regulators of SSC have been identified in rodents, the regulatory mechanism of SSC in humans has yet to be discovered. METHODS: To explore the regulatory mechanisms of human SSCs, we analyzed publicly available human testicular single-cell sequencing data and found that Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box protein 9 (ASB9) is highly expressed in SSCs. We examined the expression localization of ASB9 using immunohistochemistry and overexpressed ASB9 in human SSC lines to explore its role in SSC proliferation and apoptosis. Meanwhile, we used immunoprecipitation to find the target protein of ASB9 and verified its functions. In addition, we examined the changes in the distribution of ASB9 in non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients using Western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS: The results of uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) clustering and pseudotime analysis showed that ASB9 was highly expressed in SSCs, and its expression gradually increased during development. The immunohistochemical and dual-color immunofluorescence results displayed that ASB9 was mainly expressed in nonproliferating SSCs. Overexpression of ASB9 in the SSC line revealed significant inhibition of cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. We predicted the target proteins of ASB9 and verified that hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha inhibitor (HIF1AN), but not creatine kinase B-type (CKB), has a direct interaction with ASB9 in human SSC line using protein immunoprecipitation experiments. Subsequently, we re-expressed HIF1AN in ASB9 overexpressing cells and found that HIF1AN reversed the proliferative and apoptotic changes induced by ASB9 overexpression. In addition, we found that ABS9 was significantly downregulated in some NOA patients, implying a correlation between ASB9 dysregulation and impaired spermatogenesis. CONCLUSION: ASB9 is predominantly expressed in human SSCs, it affects the proliferation and apoptotic process of the SSC line through HIF1AN, and its abnormal expression may be associated with NOA.

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Governments have been challenged to provide temporary hospitals and other types of facilities to face the COVID-19 pandemic. This research proposes a novel multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) model to help determine how, when, and where these temporary facilities should be installed based on a set of critical success factors (CSFs) mapped in an uncertain environment. We portray the available facilities for temporary hospitals based on the CSFs that must be considered to make critical decisions regarding the optimal position based on the government's strategic decision-making process, thus indirectly providing better services and maximizing resources. In relation to earlier work, this research builds upon hybrid Pythagorean fuzzy numbers to find weights in Best-Worst Methods and rank temporary facilities based on evaluation by an area-based method for ranking. Policy implications and future directions are derived.

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BACKGROUND: Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are critical for sustaining spermatogenesis. Even though several regulators of SSC have been identified in rodents, the regulatory mechanism of SSC in humans has yet to be discovered. METHODS: To explore the regulatory mechanisms of human SSCs, we analyzed publicly available human testicular single-cell sequencing data and found that Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box protein 9 (ASB9) is highly expressed in SSCs. We examined the expression localization of ASB9 using immunohistochemistry and overexpressed ASB9 in human SSC lines to explore its role in SSC proliferation and apoptosis. Meanwhile, we used immunoprecipitation to find the target protein of ASB9 and verified its functions. In addition, we examined the changes in the distribution of ASB9 in non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients using Western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS: The results of uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) clustering and pseudotime analysis showed that ASB9 was highly expressed in SSCs, and its expression gradually increased during development. The immunohistochemical and dual-color immunofluorescence results displayed that ASB9 was mainly expressed in nonproliferating SSCs. Overexpression of ASB9 in the SSC line revealed significant inhibition of cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. We predicted the target proteins of ASB9 and verified that hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha inhibitor (HIF1AN), but not creatine kinase B-type (CKB), has a direct interaction with ASB9 in human SSC line using protein immunoprecipitation experiments. Subsequently, we re-expressed HIF1AN in ASB9 overexpressing cells and found that HIF1AN reversed the proliferative and apoptotic changes induced by ASB9 overexpression. In addition, we found that ABS9 was significantly downregulated in some NOA patients, implying a correlation between ASB9 dysregulation and impaired spermatogenesis. CONCLUSION: ASB9 is predominantly expressed in human SSCs, it affects the proliferation and apoptotic process of the SSC line through HIF1AN, and its abnormal expression may be associated with NOA.

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O conhecimento da anatomia e da fisiologia de uma bifurcação é essencial na área intervencionista atual. A lesão de bifurcação é uma das alterações coronárias mais desafiadoras no tratamento percutâneo. Foram investigadas muitas estratégias intervencionistas devido ao alto nível de interesse nessas lesões, mas os resultados dos procedimentos e de longo prazo foram relativamente ruins. As melhorias em implante de stents e outros procedimentos intervencionistas reduziram a probabilidade de desfechos clínicos adversos, criando o ambiente mais favorável para os stents realizarem seu trabalho. O implante de stent provisional tem sido amplamente aceito como técnica intervencionista inicial nas lesões de bifurcação coronária pela comunidade médica há mais de 15 anos. A reestenose de um grande ramo é possível após angioplastia do vaso principal utilizando uma abordagem provisional de um único stent. Embora a reestenose do ramo lateral após angioplastia de bifurcação seja menos comum nos procedimentos modernos de bifurcação, ela ainda ocorre em 5% dos casos durante o acompanhamento angiográfico baseado em sintomas. Em nossa série de casos de cinco pacientes, a reestenose grave de ramo lateral apresentou sintomas de angina recorrente, que necessitou de revascularização do vaso-alvo. Ao aplicar os princípios de bifurcação, aprimoramos a etapa do mini culotte estadiado da técnica culotte de bifurcação, tornando-a mais fácil de usar e reduzindo a exposição à radiação e o tempo de operação.

Understanding the anatomy and physiology of a bifurcation is crucial in today's interventional field. The bifurcation lesion is one of the most challenging coronary conditions to treat percutaneously. Numerous interventional strategies have been investigated because of the high level of interest in these lesions, but the relatively poor procedural and long-term results. Improvements in stenting and other interventional procedures have reduced the likelihood of adverse clinical outcomes, by creating the most favorable environment for stents to do their work. Provisional stenting has been widely accepted as the initial interventional technique for coronary bifurcation lesions by the medical community for over 15 years. Restenosis of a major branch is possible after angioplasty of the main vessel using a provisional one-stent approach. Although side branch restenosis following bifurcation angioplasty is less common with modern bifurcation procedures, it still occurs in 5% of cases during angiographic follow-up for symptoms. In our case series of five patients, severe side-branch restenosis presented with recuring anginal symptoms, which required target vessel revascularization. By applying bifurcation principles, we improved the "staged mini culotte" part of the culotte bifurcation stent technique, making it more user-friendly, and reducing exposure to radiation and operating time.

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Abstract We have developed and present in this work a series of algorithms that display a long-duration electrocardiogram (ECG) in a compact form of stacked beats, extracting and visualizing the basic features and facilitating the tedious and time-consuming process of ECG analysis for cardiologists. The expert system based on this representation provides detection of atypical heartbeats, precursors of cardiovascular disease, and their locations in each of the 12 leads. This system was extensively tested with two public databases, MIT-BIH arrhythmia database and China Physiological Signal Challenge (CPSC2018), showing its rapid ECG processing and high efficiency in detecting abnormalities in beat morphology. In particular, tests for atypical beats based on the CPSC2018 database revealed that the set of ECGs marked as normal contains a considerable number of leads with atypical beats. The system is used as a classifier into two classes, normal beats, and atypical beats, the latter being the precursors or indicators of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It is considered potentially useful for routine studies in groups at high risk of CVD in early stages, as a preventive medicine tool in the public health area. The system allows an intervention of a cardiologist in the intermediate stages of ECG analysis to corroborate the diagnosis in ambiguous cases.

Resumen Desarrollamos y presentamos una serie de algoritmos que muestran un electrocardiograma (ECG) de larga duración en forma compacta de latidos apilados, extrayendo y visualizando características básicas y facilitando el tedioso y lento proceso de análisis de ECG para cardiólogos. El sistema experto basado sobre esta representación provee detección de latidos cardíacos atípicos, precursores de enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) y su ubicación en cada uno de las 12 derivadas. Este sistema se probó exhaustivamente con dos bases de datos públicas, base de datos de arritmias del MIT-BIH y China Physiological Signal Challenge (CPSC2018), lo que demostró su rápido procesamiento de ECG y alta eficiencia en la detección de anomalías en la morfología de los latidos. En particular, las pruebas en la base de datos CPSC2018 revelaron que el conjunto de ECG marcados como normales contiene una cantidad considerable de derivadas con latidos atípicos. El sistema se utiliza como clasificador en dos clases, latidos normales y atípicos, siendo estos últimos indicadores de enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV). Se considera potencialmente útil para estudios de rutina en grupos con alto riesgo de ECV en etapas tempranas, como herramienta de medicina preventiva en el área de salud pública. El sistema permite la intervención del cardiólogo en etapas intermedias del análisis del ECG para corroborar el diagnóstico en casos ambiguos.

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Ensaio sobre história da Saúde Coletiva como campo científico e político. Análise das características das três áreas da Saúde Coletiva: Epidemiologia; Ciências Sociais e Humanas; e Política, Planejamento e Gestão, mediante estudo temático de Congressos da Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva (Abrasco). Constatam-se conflitos de interesse e de paradigmas entre as áreas, mas também estratégias de governança para sustentar a unidade do campo da Saúde Coletiva que poderia ser sintetizada com a expressão: dialética da autonomia e integração.(AU)

This essay discusses the history of public health as a scientific and political field. We analyze the main features of the three areas of public health (epidemiology, social and human sciences, and policy, planning and management) based on a thematic study of congresses held by the Brazilian Public Health Association (Abrasco). The findings highlight a number of conflicting interests and paradigms among the areas, but also governance strategies to maintain the unity of field of public health that could be summed up with the phrase "dialectics of autonomy and integration".(AU)

Ensayo sobre historia de la Salud Colectiva como campo científico y político. Análisis de las características de las tres áreas de la Salud Colectiva: Epidemiología, Ciencias Sociales y Humanas y Política, Planificación y Gestión mediante estudio temático de Congresos de Abrasco. Se constatan conflictos de interés y de paradigmas entre las áreas, pero también estrategias de gobernanza para sustentar la unidad del campo de la Salud Colectiva que podría sintetizarse con la expresión: dialéctica de la autonomía e integración.(AU)

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BACKGROUND: Continuous vector surveillance and sustainable interventions are mandatory in order to prevent anopheline proliferation (or spread to new areas) and interrupt malaria transmission. Anopheline abundance and richness were evaluated in urban and peri-urban malaria foci at a medium-sized city in the Brazilian Amazon, comparing the protected human landing catch technique (PHLC) and alternative sampling methods over different seasonal periods. Additional information was assessed for female feeding behaviour and faunal composition. METHODS: Anophelines were sampled bimonthly in four urban and peri-urban sites in the city of Porto Velho, state of Rondônia, Brazil. The average number of captured mosquitoes was compared between an PHLC (gold standard), a tent trap (Gazetrap), and a barrier screen by means of generalized linear mixed models (GLMM), which also included season and environment (peri-urban/urban) as predictors. RESULTS: Overall, 2962 Anopheles individuals belonging to 12 species and one complex were caught; Anopheles darlingi represented 86% of the individuals. More mosquitoes were captured in the peri-urban setting, and the urban setting was more diverse. The model estimates that significantly more anophelines were collected by PHLC than by the Screen method, and Gazetrap captured fewer individuals. However, the Screen technique yielded more blood-engorged females. The peak hours of biting activity were from 6 to 7 p.m. in urban areas and from 7 to 8 p.m. in peri-urban areas. CONCLUSIONS: Although peri-urban settings presented a greater abundance of anophelines, Shannon and Simpson diversities were higher in urban sites. Each technique proved to be useful, depending on the purpose: PHLC was more effective in capturing the highest anopheline densities, Gazetrap caught the greatest number of species, and the barrier screen technique captured more engorged individuals. There was no seasonal effect on Anopheles assemblage structure; however, a more diverse fauna was caught in the transitional season. Biting activity was more intense from 6 to 8 p.m., with a predominance of An. darlingi.

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PURPOSE: Whether and how to disclose secondary finding (SF) information to children is ethically debated. Some argue that genetic testing of minors should be limited to preserve the child's future autonomy. Others suggest that disclosure of SFs can occur if it is in the best interests of the child. However, the ways that parents conceptualize and weigh their child's future autonomy against the interests of their child and other family members are unknown. METHODS: To explore how parents understand SF disclosure in the context of their child and other family members' lives, we conducted semistructured interviews with 30 families (40 parents in total). All parents had children who were enrolled in a genetic sequencing protocol that returned results by default. RESULTS: We found that parents did not routinely conceptualize SFs as distinctive health information. Rather parents saw this information as part of their child's overall health. To make decisions about disclosure, parents weighed their child's ability to understand the SF information and their other family member's need to know. CONCLUSION: Because most families desired SF information, we argue that disclosure of SF be reconceptualized to reflect the lived experiences of those who may receive this information.

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a common condition with potentially devastating individual, family, and societal consequences, is highly associated with substance use disorders (SUDs). The association between PTSD and SUD is complex and may involve adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), historical and multi-generational traumas, and social determinants of health as well as cultural and spiritual contexts. Current psychosocial and pharmacological treatments for PTSD are only modestly effective, and there is a need for more research on therapeutic interventions for co-occurring PTSD and SUD, including whether to provide integrated or sequential treatments. There is a current resurgence of interest in psychedelics as potential treatment augmentation for PTSD and SUDs with an appreciation of the risks in this target population. This paper reviews the historical perspective of psychedelic research and practices, as well as the intersection of historical trauma, ACEs, PTSD, and SUDs through the lens of New Mexico. New Mexico is a state with high populations of Indigenous and Hispanic peoples as well as high rates of trauma, PTSD, and SUDs. Researchers in New Mexico have been leaders in psychedelic research. Future directions for psychedelic researchers to consider are discussed, including the importance of community-based participatory approaches that are more inclusive and respectful of Indigenous and other minority communities.

RESUMO

The author proposes a symbolic reading of panic disorder as a psychopathological emergency that currently overwhelms our society, relating to an explicit process of transformation. She understands this phenomenon as resulting from the lack of the creative feminine in people's lives, which contributes to the emergence of symptoms that are understood as alerts from the Self, which decry the danger under which the person lives. She amplifies the proposition with a symbolic reading of two great mythical moments: Oedipus' encounter with the Sphinx, and the institution of the first jury court, dramatized in the tragic play The Eumenides, by Aeschylus (Ésquilo).

L'autrice propose une lecture symbolique du trouble panique comme une urgence psychopathologique qui submerge notre société actuelle, dans un franc processus de transformation. Elle comprend ce phénomène comme une réalité qui résulte du manque de féminin créatif dans la vie des personnes. Ceci contribue à l'émergence de symptômes qui sont compris comme des alertes venant du Soi parce qu'ils dénoncent le danger dans lequel la personne vit. L'autrice amplifie la proposition avec une lecture symbolique de deux grands moments mythiques: Œdipe et sa rencontre avec le Sphinx et l'institution du premier tribunal avec jury, exprimé dans la tragédie d'Eschyle, Les Euménides.

La autora propone una lectura simbólica del trastorno de pánico como una emergencia psicopatológica que abruma a nuestra sociedad actual, en franco proceso de transformación. Ella comprende este fenómeno como una realidad que es resultado de la falta de lo femenino creativo en la vida de las personas, lo cual contribuye a la emergencia de síntomas que son comprendidos como alertas del Self, debido a que denuncian el peligro en el cual la persona vive. La autora amplifica esta propuesta a partir de la lectura simbólica de dos importantes momentos míticos: Edipo: su encuentro con la Esfinge, y la institución de la primera corte de justicia, expresada en la obra trágica, Las Euménides de Esquilo.

O autor propõe a leitura simbólica do transtorno de pânico como uma emergência psicopatológica que sobrecarrega nossa sociedade atual, em um processo franco de transformação. Ela entende esse fenômeno como uma realidade resultante da falta do criativo feminino na vida das pessoas, o que contribui para o surgimento de sintomas que são entendidos como alertas do Si Mesmo, porque denunciam o perigo sob o qual a pessoa vive. Ela amplifica a proposição com uma leitura simbólica de dois grandes momentos míticos: Édipo: seu encontro com a Esfinge e a instituição da primeira corte do júri, expressa na trágica peça: Os Eumênides de Ésquilo.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivo: Descrever a experiência de um estágio acadêmico vivenciado por universitários da área da saúde em um município do Baixo Solimões. Síntese dos dados:Trata-se do relato descritivo de um estágio acadêmico extramuro realizado em Manacapuru, Amazonas, ocorrido no período de outubro de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020. A realização da atividade teve a participação de acadêmicos de Medicina, Enfermagem e Odontologia e contou com a aplicação de práticas em saúde direcionadas à atuação individual e coletiva. Tendo como público-alvo os pacientes atendidos por uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS), os universitários auxiliaram na realização de atendimentos eletivos em suas respectivas áreas de atuação e conduziram atividades de educação em saúde como rodas de conversa, gincanas educativas, palestras interativas e educação continuada à equipe da UBS. Conclusão: As práticas e ações em saúde realizadas no período do estágio extramuro proporcionaram uma integração interdisciplinar satisfatória entre os acadêmicos, possibilitando aos mesmos uma vivência apropriada na atenção básica do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).

Objective: To describe the experience of an academic internship completed by university students in the health field in a municipality in Baixo Solimões. Data synthesis: This is a descriptive report of an extramural academic internship carried out in Manacapuru, Amazonas, from October 2019 to February 2020. The activity was carried out with the participation of medical, nursing and dentistry students and included the application of health practices aimed at individual and collective action. Having as a target audience the patients assisted by a Primary Health Care (PHC) center, the university students helped in carrying out elective care in their respective fields and conducted health education activities such as conversation circles, educational scavenger hunts, interactive lectures and continuing education for the PHC center team. Conclusion: The health practices and actions carried out during the extramural internship enabled a satisfactory interdisciplinary integration among the students and allowed them to have an appropriate experience in primary care in the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde ­ SUS).

Objetivo: Describir la experiencia de una pasantía académica vivida por universitarios del área de la salud en un municipio del Baixo Solimões. Síntesis de los datos: Se refiere al informe descriptivo de una pasantía académica extramuros realizado en Manacapuru, Amazonas, ocurrido entre octubre de 2019 y febrero de 2020. La realización de la actividad tuvo la participación de académicos de medicina, enfermería y odontología y contó con la aplicación de prácticas en salud direccionadas a la actuación individual y colectiva. Teniendo como público meta los pacientes atendidos por una Unidad Básica de Salud (UBS), los universitarios ayudaron en la realización de atendimientos electivos en sus respectivas áreas de actuación y condujeron actividades de educación y en salud como charlas, juegos educativos, conferencias interactivas y educación continuada para el equipo de la UBS. Conclusión: Las prácticas y acciones en salud realizadas en el período de la pasantía extramuros proporcionaron una integración interdisciplinar satisfactoria entre los académicos, posibilitando a los mismos una experiencia apropiada en la atención básica del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS).