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OBJECTIVE: We hypothesize that segmentectomy is associated with similar recurrence-free and overall survival when compared with lobectomy in the setting of patients with clinical T1cN0M0 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; >2-3 cm), as defined by the American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition staging system. METHODS: We performed a single-institution retrospective study identifying patients undergoing segmentectomy (90) versus lobectomy (279) for T1c NSCLC from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2016. Univariate, multivariable, and propensity score-weighted analyses were performed to analyze the following endpoints: freedom from recurrence, overall survival, and time to recurrence. RESULTS: Patients undergoing segmentectomy were older than patients undergoing lobectomy (71.5 vs 68.8, respectively, P = .02). There were no differences in incidence of major complications (12.4% vs 11.7%, P = .85), hospital length of stay (6.2 vs 7 days, P = .19), and mortality at 30 (1.1% vs 1.7%, P = 1) and 90 days (2.2% vs 2.3%, P = 1). In addition, there were no statistical differences in locoregional (12.2% vs 8.6%, P = .408), distant (11.1% vs 13.9%, P = .716), or overall recurrence (23.3% vs 22.5%, P = 1), as well as 5-year freedom from recurrence (68.6% vs 75.8%, P = .5) or 5-year survival (57.8% vs 61.0%, P = .9). Propensity score-matched analysis found no differences in overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.034; P = .764), recurrence-free survival (HR, 1.168; P = .1391), or time to recurrence (HR, 1.053; P = .7462). CONCLUSIONS: In the setting of clinical T1cN0M0 NSCLC, anatomic segmentectomy was not associated with significant differences in recurrence-free or overall survival at 5 years. Further prospective randomized trials are needed to corroborate the expansion of the role of anatomic segmentectomy to all American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th Edition Stage 1A NSCLC.

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Antecedentes: En la octava edición del manual de estadificación del cáncer del American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), se introdujeron cambios importantes en las categorías T, N y M. Al entrar en vigencia la octava guía de la AJCC, se modificó no solo el T, sino también la indicación de biopsia del ganglio centinela (BGC). Entre los cambios más significativos en la estadificación se encuentran: la exclusión del índice mitótico (IM) de la categoría T en los melanomas finos (de hasta 1 mm de espesor) y el cambio del punto de corte para el espesor tumoral para discriminar un T1a (< 0,8 mm sin ulceración) de un T1b (≥ 0,8 mm). Objetivo: Comparar la estadificación inicial de los melanomas finos según el criterio utilizado en la séptima edición, con la que tendrían de acuerdo con la perspectiva actual del AJCC, con especial atención en el índice mitótico. Diseño y métodos: Estudio observacional, de corte transversal, realizado mediante la recolección de datos de las historias clínicas desde el 1 de enero de 2000 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2017. Resultados: De 131 melanomas finos incluidos, 28 tendrían cambios en su estadificación. Al considerar el nuevo punto de corte para el espesor tumoral, 22 melanomas T1a pasarían a T1b. Asimismo, se detectaron 20 melanomas con un IM ≥ 1 mitosis/mm2, de los cuales solo 6 tuvieron indicación de BGC por este criterio exclusivamente y serían clasificados como T1a en la actualidad. De estos, en 2 no se realizó la BGC por autodeterminación de los pacientes y en los 4 restantes el resultado fue negativo. Conclusiones: Veintiocho de nuestros pacientes tendrían hoy diferencias en la indicación de BGC: 22 serían considerados con mayor riesgo de metástasis ganglionares y serían candidatos a su pesquisa. Los otros 6 pacientes ya no tendrían indicación de ese estudio por la baja posibilidad de encontrar metástasis ocultas, lo cual coincide con el resultado negativo de la BGC en los 4 pacientes que se sometieron al procedimiento. (AU)

Background: In the 8th edition of the cancer staging manual of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), important changes were made in the T, N and M categories. When the 8th guideline of the AJCC came into effect, not only was the T stage modified, but also the indication for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). The most significant changes in staging included: the exclusion of the mitotic index (MI) as a determinant of the T category and the change of the threshold of tumor thickness to discriminate a T1a (< 0.8 mm without ulceration) from a T1b (≥ 0.8 mm). Objective: To compare the initial staging of thin melanomas according to the criteria used in the 7th edition, with the one that would have been used according to the current AJCC recommendations, with special focus on MI. Design and methods: Observational, cross-sectional study, carried out through the collection of data from medical records from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2017. Results: There were 131 thin melanomas included, 28 of which would have had changes in their staging. When considering the modified threshold for tumor thickness, 22 T1a melanomas would be classified as T1b. Among 20 thin melanomas with a MI ≥ 1, only 6 had an indication for SLNB solely due to the MI criterion and would be now classified as T1a. Two of these did not undergo SLNB because they rejected the procedure, and in the remaining 4, there were no SLN metastasis. Conclusions: Nowadays, 28 of our patients would have differences in the indication for SLNB: 22 would be considered to be at greater risk of lymph node metastasis and would be candidates for screening. The other 6 patients would no longer have an indication for this procedure due to the low probability of clinically occult metastases, which seems to concur with the negative result of SLNB in the 4 patients who underwent the procedure. (AU)

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BACKGROUND: The current study tried to validate the prognostic significance of the 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system among small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients recorded within the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database. PATIENTS AND METHODS: SEER database (2004-2014) has been queried through SEER*Stat program, and both AJCC 7th and 8th edition stages were constructed. Cancer-specific and overall survival analyses according to both editions were performed through Kaplan-Meier analysis. The cause-specific Cox regression hazard for both AJCC editions (adjusted for age, gender, race, and surgery) was calculated and pair-wise comparisons of hazard ratios were conducted. RESULTS: A total of 39,286 patients with SCLC were recruited in the period from 2004 to 2014. For overall and cancer-specific survival assessment, according to the AJCC 7th edition, P values for all pair-wise comparisons among different stages were significant (<0.0001) except for the comparisons between stage IB vs. stage IIA, and stage IIB vs. stage IIIA. For overall survival assessment, according to AJCC 8th, P values for all pair-wise comparisons were significant (<0.05) except for IA2 vs. IA3, IA3 vs. IB, IB vs. IIA, IIA vs. IIB, and IIIB vs. IIIC. For cancer-specific survival, according to AJCC 8th, P values for all pair-wise comparisons among different stages were significant (<0.05) except IA1 vs. IA2, IA2 vs. IA3, and IIA vs. IIB. When conducting pair-wise hazard ratio comparisons among different AJCC stages (for both editions), similar findings to the Kaplan-Meier analyses were reported. CONCLUSION: While there is a clear improvement for both the AJCC 7th and 8th systems compared to the old veterans' administration system, there is a modest improvement for the 8th compared to the 7th system among patients with SCLC.

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BACKGROUND: The 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been released. The current study tried to validate the prognostic significance of the new system among patients registered within the surveillance, epidemiology and end results (SEER) database. METHODS: SEER database (2010-2013) has been accessed through SEER*Stat program and AJCC 8th edition stages were reconstructed utilizing the collaborative stage descriptions. Overall and lung cancer-specific survival analyses according to both 7th and 8th editions were conducted through Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate analysis was conducted through a Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS: A total of 127,096 patients with NSCLC were identified in the period from 2010 to 2013. For overall survival assessment according to the 8th edition, P values for all pair-wise comparisons among different stages were significant (<0.0001) except for the comparisons between stage IB and IIA (P = 0.146); stage IIA and IIB (P = 0.165). For lung cancer-specific survival according to the 8th edition, P values for all pair-wise comparisons among different stages were significant (<0.001). Among patients with stage I disease, multivariate analysis for factors affecting overall and lung cancer-specific survival among patients with stage I disease was conducted. The following factors were associated with worse overall and lung cancer-specific survival: age ≥70 years, more advanced stage, male gender, squamous histology, no surgery and no radiotherapy (P < 0.0001 for all factors). CONCLUSION: This SEER analysis supports the prognostic significance of the added sub-stages described within AJCC 8th edition stages I and III. Further work is needed to incorporate molecular markers and personalize the future editions of the AJCC staging system.

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OBJECTIVE: To describe a series of cutaneous melanoma in children collected by the Italian Rare Tumors in Pediatric Age project. STUDY DESIGN: From 2000 to 2012, 54 patients younger than 18 years of age were prospectively registered and treated at 12 Italian pediatric centers on the basis of the same diagnostic/therapeutic recommendations and with the same forms to record clinical data. RESULTS: Considering the estimated annual incidence in Italy, the registered cases accounted for 30% of those expected in children and 10% of adolescents. Clinically, 47% of the tumors were amelanotic and 81% were raised, 39% of cases had tumor thickness >2 mm, and 36% had lymph node involvement. For the whole series, 5-year event-free survival and overall survival rates were 75.2% and 84.6%, respectively. Patient survival correlated with tumor stage and ulceration. No relapses were recorded for T1-2 (thickness <2 mm), N0, and stage 0-I-II cases. CONCLUSION: We suggest that the variables influencing survival in children with melanoma are the same as for adults, the clinical approach used in adults is feasible in children, and pediatric cases are more likely to have advanced disease at diagnosis but similar survival. New effective drugs are needed for advanced disease, and biological studies and international cooperative schemes are warranted.

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