RESUMO
Aim: To evaluate the activity of diclofenac sodium and synergism with oxacillin against clinical strains of SARM in plactonic cells, antibiofilm and biofilm. Materials & methods: Synergism activity was assessed using the fractional inhibitory concentration index and its possible mechanism of action by flow cytometry. Results: The synergistic activity of diclofenac sodium with oxacillin was observed against plactonic cells, antibiofilm and in biofilm formed from clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Conclusion: This combination caused damage to the integrity of the membrane and ruptures in the DNA of the cells, leading to apoptosis.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Diclofenaco/farmacologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos , Oxacilina/farmacologia , Biofilmes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Membrana Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Dano ao DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Testes de Sensibilidade MicrobianaRESUMO
Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of midazolam, alone and in association with azoles, against isolates of clinical Candida spp. in planktonic and biofilm form. Materials & methods: The antifungal activity was observed using the broth microdilution technique. Flow cytometry tests were performed to investigate the probable mechanism of action and the comet test and cytotoxicity test were applied to evaluate DNA damage. Results: Midazolam (MIDAZ) showed antifungal activity against planktonic cells (125-250 µg/ml) and reduced the viability of Candida spp. biofilms (125 a 2500 µg/ml). The interaction of MIDAZ against Candida spp. biofilms was observed through scanning electron microscopy, causing alteration of their appearance. Therefore, MIDAZ has antifungal potential against Candida spp.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Candidíase/microbiologia , Midazolam/farmacologia , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida/genética , Candida/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Candida/fisiologia , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Farmacorresistência Fúngica , Fluconazol/farmacologia , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade MicrobianaRESUMO
Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the antifungal effect of ß-lapachone (ß-lap) on azole-resistant strains of Candida spp. in both planktonic and biofilm form. Materials & methods: The antifungal activity of ß-lap was evaluated by broth microdilution, flow cytometry and the comet assay. The cell viability of the biofilms was assessed using the MTT assay. Results: ß-lap showed antifungal activity against resistant strains of Candida spp. in planktonic form. In addition, ß-lap decreased the viability of mature biofilms and inhibited the formation of biofilms in vitro. Conclusion: ß-lap showed antifungal activity against Candida spp., suggesting that the compound can be utilized as an adjunct agent in the treatment of candidiasis.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Azóis/farmacologia , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Farmacorresistência Fúngica , Naftoquinonas/farmacologia , Candida/fisiologia , Candidíase/tratamento farmacológico , Candidíase/microbiologia , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade MicrobianaRESUMO
Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of etomidate alone and in combination with azoles on resistant strains of Candida spp. in both planktonic cells and biofilms. Materials & methods: The antifungal activity of etomidate was assessed by the broth microdilution test; flow cytometric procedures to measure fungal viability, mitochondrial transmembrane potential, free radical generation and cell death; as well detection of DNA damage using the comet assay. The interaction between etomidate and antifungal drugs (itraconazole and fluconazole) was evaluated by the checkerboard assay. Results: Etomidate showed antifungal activity against resistant strains of Candida spp. in planktonic cells and biofilms. Etomidate also presented synergism with fluconazole and itraconazole in planktonic cells and biofilms. Conclusion: Etomidate showed antifungal activity against Candida spp., indicating that it is a possible therapeutic alternative.