RESUMO
The objectives of this controlled study were to compare the effects of 2 different formulations of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on milk yield, milk composition (fat and protein), milk somatic cell count, and body condition score (BCS) among dairy cattle in a large commercial herd. Regulatory approved 500-mg zinc sesame oil base rbST (ZSO-rbST; Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN) and vitamin E lecithin base rbST (VEL-rbST; LG Life Sciences, Seoul, South Korea) formulations were administered per the manufacturers' recommendations every 14 d over 17 injection cycles starting at 57 to 70 d of lactation (90 cows per rbST group). Control cows (n = 60) received no rbST. Somatotropin-treated animals (VEL-rbST and ZSO-rbST combined) had increased average milk yield and protein percentage and lower average BCS compared with control cows. For primiparous cows, average milk yield was 37.75 kg/d with the ZSO-rbST treatment and 35.72 kg/d with the VEL-rbST treatment. For multiparous cows, average milk yield was 40.13 kg/d with the ZSO-rbST treatment and 38.81 kg/d with the VEL-rbST treatment. There were no differences in milk fat percentage between VEL-rbST and ZSO-rbST treatments, but milk protein content was greater with VEL-rbST treatment than with ZSO-rbST treatment. Nonetheless, cows treated with ZSO-rbST yielded more kilograms of fat and protein per day than cows treated with VEL-rbST. No significant differences in BCS were found between both rbST treatment groups. The differential increase in milk yield between cows treated with ZSO-rbST and VEL-rbST was driven by rbST response differences both within the 14-d cycle and throughout the 17 injection cycles. The cows treated with VEL-rbST demonstrated a more variable 14-d milk yield response curve, with more pronounced valleys between injections compared with the ZSO-rbST formulation. In addition, only the ZSO-rbST treatment was effective in modifying the lactation persistency compared with control cows. Compared with the VEL-rbST formulation, the ZSO-rbST formulation yielded more kilograms of milk, fat, and protein with less milk variation throughout the seventeen 14-d lactation cycles for both primiparous and multiparous cows.
Assuntos
Bovinos , Hormônio do Crescimento/farmacologia , Lactação/efeitos dos fármacos , Lactação/fisiologia , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Leite , República da CoreiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Collagen V shows promise as an inducer of interstitial lung fibrosis in experimental systemic sclerosis (SSc). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Remodelling of the pulmonary interstitium was evaluated based on the clinical data and open lung biopsies from 15 patients with SSc. Normal lung tissues obtained from eight individuals who died of traumatic injuries were used as control group. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, morphometry, tri-dimensional reconstruction and a real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to evaluate the quantity, structure and molecular chains of collagen V. The impact of these markers was tested on clinical data. RESULTS: The main difference in collagen V content between SSc patients and the control group was an increased, abnormal and distorted fibre deposition in the alveolar septa and the pre-acinar artery wall. The lungs from SSc patients presented [alpha1(V)] and [alpha2(V)] mRNA chain expression increased, but [alpha2(V)] was proportionally increased compared with the control group. High levels of collagen V were inversely associated with vital capacity (r = -0.72; P = 0.002), forced vital capacity (r = -0.76; P < 0.001), forced expiratory volume in 1-s (r = -0.89; P < 0.001) and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (r = -0.62; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal collagen V fibres are overproduced in lungs from SSc patients and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease as this molecule regulates tissue collagen assembly. The aberrant histoarchitecture observed in SSc can be related to the overexpression of the [alpha2(V)] gene of unknown origin.
Assuntos
Colágeno/metabolismo , Fibrose Pulmonar/metabolismo , Escleroderma Sistêmico/complicações , Adulto , Biópsia , Colágeno/genética , Colágeno/ultraestrutura , Feminino , Fluorimunoensaio , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Fibrose Pulmonar/genética , Fibrose Pulmonar/imunologia , Fibrose Pulmonar/patologia , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Escleroderma Sistêmico/metabolismo , Escleroderma Sistêmico/patologiaRESUMO
Monitoring for wild yeast contaminants is an essential component of the management of the industrial fuel ethanol manufacturing process. Here we describe the isolation and molecular identification of 24 yeast species present in bioethanol distilleries in northeast Brazil that use sugar cane juice or cane molasses as feeding substrate. Most of the yeast species could be identified readily from their unique amplification-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprint. Yeast of the species Dekkera bruxellensis, Candida tropicalis, Pichia galeiformis, as well as a species of Candida that belongs to the C. intermedia clade, were found to be involved in acute contamination episodes; the remaining 20 species were classified as adventitious. Additional physiologic data confirmed that the presence of these major contaminants cause decreased bioethanol yield. We conclude that PCR fingerprinting can be used in an industrial setting to monitor yeast population dynamics to early identify the presence of the most important contaminant yeasts.
Assuntos
Etanol/metabolismo , Microbiologia Industrial , Leveduras/classificação , Leveduras/isolamento & purificação , Brasil , DNA Fúngico/química , DNA Fúngico/genética , DNA Intergênico/genética , DNA Ribossômico/química , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Fermentação , Genes de RNAr , Melaço/microbiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , RNA Fúngico/genética , RNA Ribossômico/genética , RNA Ribossômico 5,8S/genética , Ribotipagem , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Sacarose/metabolismoRESUMO
AIMS: To identify and characterize the main contaminant yeast species detected in fuel-ethanol production plants in Northeast region of Brazil by using molecular methods. METHODS AND RESULTS: Total DNA from yeast colonies isolated from the fermentation must of industrial alcohol plants was submitted to PCR fingerprinting, D1/D2 28S rDNA sequencing and species-specific PCR analysis. The most frequent non-Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates were identified as belonging to the species Dekkera bruxellensis, and several genetic strains could be discriminated among the isolates. The yeast population dynamics was followed on a daily basis during a whole crop harvesting period in a particular industry, showing the potential of D. bruxellensis to grow faster than S. cerevisiae in industrial conditions, causing recurrent and severe contamination episodes. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that D. bruxellensis is one of the most important contaminant yeasts in distilleries producing fuel-ethanol from crude sugar cane juice, specially in continuous fermentation systems. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Severe contamination of the industrial fermentation process by Dekkera yeasts has a negative impact on ethanol yield and productivity. Therefore, early detection of D. bruxellensis in industrial musts may avoid operational problems in alcohol-producing plants.
Assuntos
DNA Fúngico/análise , Fontes Geradoras de Energia , Etanol , Microbiologia Industrial , Saccharomycetales/genética , Saccharum , Brasil , Impressões Digitais de DNA , Fermentação , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To compare simulated periodontal bone defect depth measured in digital radiographs with dedicated and non-dedicated software systems and to compare the depth measurements from each program with the measurements in dry mandibles. METHODS: Forty periodontal bone defects were created at the proximal area of the first premolar in dry pig mandibles. Measurements of the defects were performed with a periodontal probe in the dry mandible. Periapical digital radiographs of the defects were recorded using the Schick sensor in a standardized exposure setting. All images were read using a Schick dedicated software system (CDR DICOM for Windows v.3.5), and three commonly available non-dedicated software systems (Vix Win 2000 v.1.2; Adobe Photoshop 7.0 and Image Tool 3.0). The defects were measured three times in each image and a consensus was reached among three examiners using the four software systems. The difference between the radiographic measurements was analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and by comparing the measurements from each software system with the dry mandibles measurements using Student's t-test. RESULTS: The mean values of the bone defects measured in the radiographs were 5.07 mm, 5.06 mm, 5.01 mm and 5.11 mm for CDR Digital Image and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) for Windows, Vix Win, Adobe Photoshop, and Image Tool, respectively, and 6.67 mm for the dry mandible. The means of the measurements performed in the four software systems were not significantly different, ANOVA (P = 0.958). A significant underestimation of defect depth was obtained when we compared the mean depths from each software system with the dry mandible measurements (t-test; P approximately equal to 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: The periodontal bone defect measurements in dedicated and in three non-dedicated software systems were not significantly different, but they all underestimated the measurements when compared with the measurements obtained in the dry mandibles.
Assuntos
Perda do Osso Alveolar/diagnóstico por imagem , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Doenças Periodontais/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia Dentária Digital , Software , Perda do Osso Alveolar/patologia , Animais , Dente Pré-Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Doenças Periodontais/patologia , Radiografia Interproximal , Suínos , Raiz Dentária/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: (1) To evaluate the intraobserver agreement related to image interpretation and (2) to compare the accuracy of 100%, 200% and 400% zoomed digital images in the detection of simulated periodontal bone defects. METHODS: Periodontal bone defects were created in 60 pig hemi-mandibles with slow-speed burs 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm and 3.0 mm in diameter. 180 standardized digital radiographs were made using Schick sensor and evaluated at 100%, 200% and 400% zooming. The intraobserver agreement was estimated by Kappa statistic (kappa). For the evaluation of diagnostic accuracy receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed followed by chi-square test to compare the areas under ROC curves according to each level of zooming. RESULTS: For 100%, 200% and 400% zooming the intraobserver agreement was moderate (kappa=0.48, kappa=0.54 and kappa=0.43, respectively) and there were similar performances in the discrimination capacity, with ROC areas of 0.8611 (95% CI: 0.7660-0.9562), 0.8600 (95% CI: 0.7659-0.9540), and 0.8368 (95% CI: 0.7346-0.9390), respectively, with no statistical significant differences (chi2-test; P=0.8440). CONCLUSIONS: A moderate intraobserver agreement was observed in the classification of periodontal bone defects and the 100%, 200% and 400% zoomed digital images presented similar performances in the detection of periodontal bone defects.
Assuntos
Perda do Osso Alveolar/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia Dentária Digital/métodos , Animais , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Doenças Mandibulares/diagnóstico por imagem , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Curva ROC , Ampliação Radiográfica/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , SuínosRESUMO
AIMS: The present work focuses on the possibility to use conserved primers that amplify yeast ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 ribosomal DNA locus (rDNA) to detect the presence of non-Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast in fermentation must of bioethanol fermentation process. METHODS AND RESULTS: Total DNA was extracted from pure or mixed yeast cultures containing different cell concentrations and different contaminant/fermenting yeast concentrations and submitted to PCR. Upon improvement of detection limits and DNA extraction protocol, must samples of distillery were checked for the presence of contaminant yeast. Contaminant rDNA bands were detected only in industrial samples during contamination episodes, but not in noncontaminated must. CONCLUSIONS: The method described here could detect the presence of contaminant yeast from industrial must in eight hours after sampling. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The improved procedure may help to avoid severe contamination episodes at fermentation industries by decreasing the detection time from 5 days to 8 h and possible quantification of contaminant yeasts that can impose economical loss to the process.
Assuntos
Etanol/metabolismo , Microbiologia Industrial , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismo , Leveduras/classificação , DNA Ribossômico/análise , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/análise , Fermentação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/classificação , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Leveduras/genética , Leveduras/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
The anaerobic technology application for domestic sewage treatment in Pernambuco State (Brazil) is relatively recent. Some UASB reactors of less than 250 m3 were built in the Recife Metropolitan Region (RMR) in the 1990s. Mangueira (18,000 inhabitants) was the first neighborhood where the municipality built a plant with a bigger UASB reactor of 810 m3. It was intended to evaluate the performance and verify if such technology would be feasible. The objective would be the possible application of UASB reactors to the RMR, according to the new sewage master-plan under elaboration that would benefit about 3 million inhabitants. The monitoring of the Mangueira UASB reactor over 30 months showed that satisfactory results were obtained. Three distinct operational phases occurred, in which efficiency varied from 60% up to 90% based on COD removal. The results were very dependent on the operation and maintenance, either in the plant or in the sewage collection. Significant amount of inert solids was measured inside the reactor. Despite the operational problems, the UASB was shown to be very robust and stable. Under high fluctuation of influent concentrations (150-750 mg COD/L) during the period, resulting in applied organic loading rate of 0.5 to 2.5 kg COD/m3.d, the average values of COD removal efficiency did not change significantly. An active biomass with specific methanogenic activity varying from 0.18 to 0.25 g COD/g VSS.d was measured at the end of the period.
Assuntos
Esgotos , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Bactérias Anaeróbias/fisiologia , Reatores Biológicos , Brasil , Cidades , Desenho de Equipamento , Metano/análise , Oxigênio/metabolismoRESUMO
Meningococcal disease caused by N. meningitidis serogroup B (MenB) has been endemic in Brazil since 1997. In this study, we determined the prevalence of serosubtypes of MenB isolated in 10 Brazilian states and the Federal District during 1997 and 1998 and investigated the extent of PorA VR sequence variation among the most prevalent serosubtypes to evaluate the possible use of an outer membrane vesicle (OMV)-, PorA-based vaccine to prevent meningococcal disease in Brazil. During this period, a total of 8,932 cases of meningococcal disease were reported. Only 42% (n = 3,751) of the reported cases were laboratory confirmed, and about 60% (n = 2,255) of those were identified as MenB. Among 1,297 MenB strains selected for this study, the most prevalent serosubtypes were P1.19,15 (66%), P1.7,1 (11%), and P1.7,16 (4%). PorA VR typing showed that 91% of the P1.19,15 strains analyzed had VR1 and VR2 sequences identical to those of the prototype strain. No sequence variation was detected among the 40 strains representing all isolated MenB P1.7,16 strains in the three southern states, where this serosubtype accounts for 75% of the serosubtypes identified. Similarly, all P1.7,1 strains were identified by PorA typing as P1.7-1,1. Although further improvements in the reporting of cases and collection of strains in Brazil are needed, our data suggest that a trivalent OMV-based vaccine prepared with PorA types P1.19,15, P1.7-1,1, and P1.7,16 may be appropriate to control serogroup B meningococcal disease in most of the Brazilian states.
Assuntos
Infecções Meningocócicas/microbiologia , Vacinas Meningocócicas , Neisseria meningitidis/classificação , Porinas/classificação , Porinas/genética , Brasil/epidemiologia , Variação Genética , Humanos , Infecções Meningocócicas/epidemiologia , Infecções Meningocócicas/prevenção & controle , Vacinas Meningocócicas/imunologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Neisseria meningitidis/genética , Neisseria meningitidis/imunologia , Neisseria meningitidis/isolamento & purificação , Porinas/imunologia , Prevalência , SorotipagemRESUMO
The role of bone marrow biopsy in the staging of Hodgkin's disease is undergoing reevaluation. We have studied the relationship of clinical factors to the presence of bone marrow involvement in 130 previously untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease. The presence of fever, spleen enlargement, anemia, leukopenia, poor performance status and poor histologic subgroups were positively correlated with the presence of bone marrow involvement in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, only fever, spleen involvement, leukopenia and poor histologic subgroups were significant. The predictive value of the absence of fever in regard to the absence of bone marrow involvement was 98%. The likelihood of bone marrow involvement in the absence of all four significant factors was only 0.05%. Patients without these clinical factors should probably not be submitted to a bone marrow biopsy as part of the staging procedures performed in Hodgkin's disease.
Assuntos
Doenças da Medula Óssea/diagnóstico , Doença de Hodgkin/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Doenças da Medula Óssea/etiologia , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Contagem de Leucócitos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estados Unidos , Saúde da População UrbanaRESUMO
Extramedullary hematopoiesis is a common accompaniment of a variety of hematologic diseases such as hereditary spherocytosis, thalassemia and myelofibrosis. The association of extramedullary hematopoiesis with polycythemia vera in the proliferative phase is much less usual. We report a patient who presented with paraplegia due to spinal cord compression; clinical investigation revealed a paravertebral hematopoietic tumor, and the diagnosis of polycythemia vera was then established.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Hematológicas/complicações , Hematopoese Extramedular , Policitemia Vera/complicações , Compressão da Medula Espinal/etiologia , Medula Óssea/patologia , Evolução Fatal , Neoplasias Hematológicas/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Paraplegia/etiologia , Policitemia Vera/patologia , Policitemia Vera/terapiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Substantial progress has been made in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in the last two decades. We wanted to evaluate the outcome of intensive chemotherapy and the influence of recent therapy changes in underprivileged patients treated in a large urban public university hospital. METHODS: The records of all patients treated for acute myeloid leukemia from 1980 to 1993 were analyzed. RESULTS: 109 patients were identified; 41 did not receive any treatment for the leukemia because of infectious and/or hemorrhagic complications of advanced disease. Median survival in this group was 4 days. The other 68 patients received one of two induction protocols: TAD from 1980 to 1985 (n = 23) and ara-C plus daunorubicin from 1985 to 1992 (n = 45). The complete remission rate was 56%, disease-free survival 24% and overall survival 15% at 13 years. Overall survival was better for patients treated with ara-C plus daunorubicin than with TAD (19% versus 8%, p = 0.01). This is attributed to a reduction in infection mortality after ceftazidime and amikacin replaced cephalotin, carbenicillin and amikacin as the antibiotic regimen. CONCLUSIONS: The most effective intervention in our population would probably be an improvement in the primary health care system, so that earlier diagnosis could allow the treatment of a larger fraction of patients.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Leucemia Mieloide/terapia , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Amicacina/uso terapêutico , Aminoglutetimida/administração & dosagem , Transfusão de Componentes Sanguíneos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Carbenicilina/uso terapêutico , Ceftazidima/uso terapêutico , Cefalotina/uso terapêutico , Citarabina/administração & dosagem , Danazol/administração & dosagem , Daunorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Doxorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Quimioterapia Combinada/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Controle de Infecções , Leucemia Mieloide/diagnóstico , Leucemia Mieloide/mortalidade , Tábuas de Vida , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Indução de Remissão , Terapia de Salvação , Análise de Sobrevida , Tamoxifeno/administração & dosagem , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The lingual mucosa of the nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus, was studied by scanning electron microscopy in order to analyse its morphology. The tongue of the armadillo is long and thin, and has filiform, fungiform and vallate papillae. In the anterior part of the tongue and near the vallate papillae, single or bifurcated filiform papillae are found. The vallate papillae are located on the dorsal surface of the middle third of the tongue, and have two or four slender extremities. The fungiform papillae are elliptical or rounded, and are concentrated mainly on the tip and lateral surface of the tongue, reaching as far as the middle third of the dorsal surface. Their surfaces are flat and smooth on the dorsal side, with some taste pores. Their taste buds are located near the vallum. In the material for which freeze-cracking was used, the epithelial layer showed a characteristic mucosal structure, with many epithelial papillae containing blood vessels and bundles of collagen fibers. The basal epithelial surface of the tongue mucosa showed irregular projections that are rounded or polygonal in shape, with a depression in the center. These depressions varied in diameter.
Assuntos
Tatus/anatomia & histologia , Mucosa Bucal/ultraestrutura , Língua/ultraestrutura , Animais , Células Epiteliais , Epitélio/ultraestrutura , Técnica de Fratura por Congelamento , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Mucosa Bucal/citologia , Língua/citologiaAssuntos
Zymomonas , Antibacterianos , Brasil , Humanos , Universidades , Zymomonas/genética , Zymomonas/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Over the last 15 years, a number of combination chemotherapy regimens have been reported to induce more than 80% complete remissions (CR) in patients with advanced Hodgkin disease (HD). Almost all such studies have been conducted in large institutions from North America and Europe. It remains to be proven, however, that those regimens are equally effective for the larger population of patients with HD who live in very different social conditions in third-world countries. METHODS: Fifty-nine patients with advanced-stage or early bulky HD were treated in two public hospitals with the C-MOPP/ABV hybrid program, in which cyclophosphamide was substituted for mechlorethamine. RESULTS: The median number of cycles administered was six, and the median follow-up was 32 months. Fifty patients (85%) reached a CR. The actuarial failure-free survival (FFS) rate was 69%, and the actuarial overall survival rate was 78% at 68 months. The only significant prognostic factor that predicted for improved FFS rate was the absence of B symptoms (P = 0.02). Overall survival was better for patients who reached a CR (P = 0.0003) and those with no systemic symptoms (P = 0.007). Toxic effects were moderate, with one treatment-related death and six episodes of serious infection. CONCLUSIONS: The target population consisted of lower-class Brazilians, many living in poor social conditions. Nevertheless, these results compare equitably with other results reported in the literature. C-MOPP/ABV is an adequate treatment for HD in third-world populations.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Doença de Hodgkin/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Adulto , Bleomicina/administração & dosagem , Brasil/epidemiologia , Ciclofosfamida/administração & dosagem , Doxorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Seguimentos , Doença de Hodgkin/mortalidade , Doença de Hodgkin/patologia , Hospitais Públicos , Humanos , Mecloretamina/administração & dosagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prednisona/administração & dosagem , Procarbazina/administração & dosagem , Análise de Sobrevida , Vimblastina/administração & dosagem , Vincristina/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Progression of a low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma into a more aggressive histologic pattern is a well-described phenomenon. The converse phenomenon, often called downgrading, is much less frequent. We report 2 patients in whom relapse with an indolent lymphoma was noted after chemotherapy for higher-grade disease. Other previously reported cases are reviewed. The implications for appropriate management and pathogenesis are discussed.
Assuntos
Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/patologia , Linfoma não Hodgkin/patologia , Adulto , Biópsia , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Linfonodos/patologia , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/terapia , Linfoma não Hodgkin/terapia , Masculino , Indução de RemissãoRESUMO
The tethered spinal cord syndrome is a disease that is part of the group of spinal dysraphisms, that was recently recognized as an individualized nosological entity, yet not frequently diagnosed among us. It is characterized by shortening and thickening of the filum terminale which prevents the ascent of the spinal cord into spinal canal, the conus medularis abnormally remaining in a low place. It is associated in all cases with spina bifida. The diagnosis is simple, once the disease is suspected. It is manifested by progressive motor or sensory deficit in the legs, urinary incontinence, scoliosis and leg or back pain, specially in young children. The plain lumbosacral RX always shows spina bifida. Myelography makes the diagnostic. It shows, basically, the negative image of the thickened filum terminale and the low placed conus medularis. Other exams which can help are the computerized tomography and the ultra-sound of the spinal cord. The surgical treatment is very simple and heals without sequels if done in due time. It consists in a sectioning of the filum terminale through laminectomy. Two cases diagnosed and treated at Hospital da Baleia, from Fundação Benjamin Guimarãcs, Belo Horizonte, are reported in this paper.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas , Espinha Bífida Oculta/complicações , Medula Espinal/anormalidades , Adolescente , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Radiografia , Espinha Bífida Oculta/diagnóstico por imagem , Medula Espinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Medula Espinal/embriologiaRESUMO
An epidemiological study of hanseniasis carried on in the State of Paraíba, Brazil, after the establishment of a program of health and sanitation is presented. It is based on reports and statistical data gathered by the regional health centers during 1981.