RESUMO
STUDY DESIGN: A new method for nonradiographic evaluation of scoliosis was independently compared with the Cobb radiographic method, for the quantification of scoliotic curvature. OBJECTIVE: To develop a protocol for computerized photogrammetry, as a nonradiographic method, for the quantification of scoliosis, and to mathematically relate this proposed method with the Cobb radiographic method. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Repeated exposure to radiation of children can be harmful to their health. Nevertheless, no nonradiographic method until now proposed has gained popularity as a routine method for evaluation, mainly due to a low correspondence to the Cobb radiographic method. METHODS: Patients undergoing standing posteroanterior full-length spine radiographs, who were willing to participate in this study, were submitted to dorsal digital photography in the orthostatic position with special surface markers over the spinous process, specifically the vertebrae C7 to L5. The radiographic and photographic images were sent separately for independent analysis to two examiners, trained in quantification of scoliosis for the types of images received. The scoliosis curvature angles obtained through computerized photogrammetry (the new method) were compared to those obtained through the Cobb radiographic method. RESULTS: Sixteen individuals were evaluated (14 female and 2 male). All presented idiopathic scoliosis, and were between 21.4 ± 6.1 years of age; 52.9 ± 5.8 kg in weight; 1.63 ± 0.05 m in height, with a body mass index of 19.8 ± 0.2. There was no statistically significant difference between the scoliosis angle measurements obtained in the comparative analysis of both methods, and a mathematical relationship was formulated between both methods. CONCLUSION: The preliminary results presented demonstrate equivalence between the two methods. More studies are needed to firmly assess the potential of this new method as a coadjuvant tool in the routine following of scoliosis treatment.
Assuntos
Vértebras Cervicais/patologia , Vértebras Lombares/patologia , Fotogrametria/métodos , Escoliose/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Vértebras Cervicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Radiografia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Escoliose/diagnóstico por imagem , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate low-cost technology for cognitive rehabilitation in older individuals with dementia and document changes stemming from a clinical case study using these tools. An activity board, a calendar, a routine organizer and a software program were used and evaluated by specialists (n = 7). A pre-post-case study with an elderly male with dementia was undertaken for four months. All rehabilitation resources were classified as appropriate by the specialists. Post-intervention scores demonstrated improvement in cognitive functioning and daily activities at home. There is a need for further research to assess the therapeutic effects in patients with dementia applying equipment and software to improve cognitive function.
Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/reabilitação , Transtornos Cognitivos/reabilitação , Países em Desenvolvimento , Diagnóstico por Computador , Terapia Ocupacional/instrumentação , Terapia Assistida por Computador , Atividades Cotidianas/classificação , Idoso , Doença de Alzheimer/economia , Brasil , Transtornos Cognitivos/economia , Diagnóstico por Computador/economia , Avaliação da Deficiência , Desenho de Equipamento , Humanos , Masculino , Sistemas Computadorizados de Registros Médicos , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Terapia Ocupacional/economia , Software , Terapia Assistida por Computador/economia , Interface Usuário-ComputadorRESUMO
This study compared the passive stiffness of wrist flexors and the strength of wrist flexors and extensors in three different wrist positions (30 degrees of flexion, neutral, and 30 degrees of extension) between children with cerebral palsy (CP) and typically developing (TD) comparison children. It also examined associations between these characteristics and manual function in children with CP. Eleven children with spastic hemiplegic CP (six females, five males; mean age 8y 5mo [SD 1y 8mo], range 6-11y) and 11 TD children, matched for age and sex, took part in this study. Passive stiffness of muscles was measured as the torque/angle relation during passive motion. Isometric strength tests were performed and the time needed to complete three tasks based on the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test was recorded. Flexor stiffness was higher in the group with CP. Strength of flexors and extensors in the group with CP was lower with the wrist extended. No difference among test positions was found in the TD group. Moderate correlations were observed between manual function and variables related to strength and stiffness of wrist muscles in the group with CP. Children with CP showed muscle alterations coherent with the use of the wrist in flexion. Intervention on these characteristics could have a positive impact on manual function.