RESUMO
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic relapsing disease that affects millions of people worldwide; its pathogenesis is influenced by genetic, environmental, microbiological, and immunological factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of short- and long-term Passiflora edulis peel intake on the antioxidant status, microbiota, and short-chain fatty acids formation in rats with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid-induced colitis using two "in vivo" experiments: chronic (prevention) and acute (treatment). The colitis damage score was determined using macroscopic and microscopic analyses. In addition, the antioxidant activity in serum and other tissues (liver and colon) was evaluated. Bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, aerobic bacteria and enterobacteria, and the amount of short-chain fatty acids (acetic, butyric, and propionic acids) in cecum content were counted. Differences in the colon damage scores were observed; P. edulis peel intake improved serum antioxidant status. In the treatment protocol, decreased colon lipid peroxidation, a decreased number of aerobic bacteria and enterobacteria, and an improvement in acetic and butyric acid levels in the feces were observed. An improvement in the bifidobacteria and lactobacilli was observed in the prevention protocol. These results suggested that P. edulis peel can modulate microbiota and could be used as source of fiber and polyphenols in the prevention of oxidative stress through the improvement of serum and tissue antioxidant status.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Colite Ulcerativa/prevenção & controle , Colite Ulcerativa/terapia , Dieta/métodos , Passiflora/química , Polifenóis/administração & dosagem , Animais , Bactérias/classificação , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Carga Bacteriana , Ceco/química , Ceco/microbiologia , Colite Ulcerativa/patologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Ácidos Graxos Voláteis/análise , Histocitoquímica , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence and etiology of chronic liver abnormalities in 70 living patients with sickle cell disease from the Hematology and Hemotherapy Center of the State University of Campinas. METHODS: Clinical and laboratory investigations, including liver function tests, serological tests for viral hepatitis and abdominal ultrasound, were performed in all patients. Additionally, liver biopsies were taken from 20 patients. RESULTS: Sixty-seven (96%) patients had some liver abnormality; these included abnormal liver function tests, viral hepatitis, liver ultrasonographic changes or cholelithiasis. The sickling process was the only explanation for the abnormal liver function tests or liver ultrasonographic changes in 24% of these patients. One or more defined reasons, including viral hepatitis, cholelithiasis, clinical hemosiderosis, alcoholism or diabetes, justified the liver abnormalities in 76% of the patients. Nineteen of the 20 liver biopsies presented some degree of vascular lesion; other histological findings were associated with hemosiderosis, viral hepatitis or cholestasis. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with sickle cell disease, chronic liver abnormalities are frequent and seem to be a multifactorial phenomenon, depending on overlapping factors such as cholelithiasis, viral damage, iron overload and also the primary disease itself.