RESUMO
Bess beetles are sapro-xillophagous insects that inhabit decaying logs. They display sub-social behavior and acoustic communication. Adults produce sounds with an abdomino-alary stridulatory system. The sixth abdominal tergum has lateral protuberances with spines (pars stridens), whereas the hind wings have spines in the radial cell (plectrum). The potential taxonomic utility of these spines has not been studied. We evaluated the variation of spines in the plectrum of adult females sampling four species of Proculini using traditional and geometric morphometric methods. We divided the plectrum into five zones to compare the density, size and shape of spines among zones and among species comparing each zone separately. Spine shape and size were quantified with 2D cartesian coordinates and four variables from SEM micrographs. Separate univariate and multivariate analyses of variance revealed that the size, density and shape of spines is different among zones in each of the four species. Also, spine shape and size in all zones is different among species, which would imply that plectrum spines might have taxonomic utility. Additionally, disparity analyses showed that the peripheral zones have a higher variability, and the disparity values in the middle and apex zones are higher in the two species with a wide distribution range.
Assuntos
Besouros/ultraestrutura , Asas de Animais/ultraestrutura , Animais , Feminino , México , Microscopia Eletrônica de VarreduraRESUMO
PIP: The incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) varies depending on the age of the child. In 1984 a review of 1000 school children in the city of Santo Domingo found an incidence of 0.4%. In a prospective study 109 patients were investigated who presented at the outpatient consulting ward of nephrology of the Robert Reid Cabral Hospital, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, with fever and/or clinical symptoms suggestive of UTI. Uroculture was taken by means of suprapubic punction in all those cases which had not received antimicrobial therapy at least 72 hours before taking the specimens. The signs of UTI in the 109 patients were dysuria, urinary incontinence, and enuresis. 41 patients had urocultures positive for UTI bacteria, while the remaining 68 children's urocultures did not show bacterial growth, therefore they were judged not to have UTI. In the 41 patients with UTI the etiologic agents were Escherichia coli in 20 (48.78%), Enterobacter in 14 (34.15%), Klebsiella in 4 (9.76%), Staphylococcus in 4 (9.76%), Pseudomonas in 4 (9.76%), and Salmonella in 3 (7.32%). In all cases of positive uroculture more than 10 leukocytes were observed in the urinary sediment. Only 15 of the 41 patients with positive uroculture had leukocytosis. Fever as a clinical symptom was found in 7 of the 109 cases, and in 3 of these bacteria were grown in the uroculture. In 40 patients out of 109 the fever was associated with clinical signs of UTI, finding positive uroculture in 20 of these patients.^ieng
Assuntos
Criança , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico , Infecções , Estudos Prospectivos , Sinais e Sintomas , Sistema Urogenital , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , América , Biologia , Região do Caribe , Demografia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Diagnóstico , Doença , República Dominicana , América Latina , América do Norte , Fisiologia , População , Características da População , PesquisaRESUMO
The serum lipid levels of 25 children with SNI of LGM were quantified. All cases showed total cholesterol and triglyceride levels above the 95% percentile for both their age and sex (417 +/- 119 mg/dL and 448 +/- 313 mg/dL respectively). Ninety-two percent of the children showed LBD above the 95 percentile for their and sex (307 +/- 108 mg/dL) and 72% showed LAD in the normal lower limit, under the fifth percentile for their age and sex (26.9 +/- 13.7 mg/dL). A important percentage of the patients showed elevated LMBD (90.8 +/- 61.0 mg/dL). A direct proportional relationship occurred between total cholesterol and LBD (r = + 0.854), yet, an inverted relationship was not seen between total cholesterol and LAD (r = -0.315) nor between total cholesterol and serum albumin (r = -0.248).