RESUMO
AIM: To evaluate factors associated with difficulty eating and speaking due to oral problems according to the reports of children. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 769 5-year-old children at preschools in a city in northeast Brazil. Parents/caretakers answered a questionnaire addressing socio-demographic data and a history of dental pain. The children answered the scale of oral health outcomes for 5-year-old children, which was used to evaluate the dependent variables. Clinical examinations of the children were performed by examiners who had undergone calibration exercises. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and Poisson regression analysis (α = 5%). RESULTS: The prevalence of the perception of functional limitations on the part of the children was 35.5% for difficulty eating and 22.9% for difficulty speaking. Difficulty eating was associated with a history of dental pain (PR = 1.68; 95% CI 1.27-2.22) and the occurrence of traumatic dental injury (TDI) (PR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.01-1.52). Difficulty speaking due to oral problems was associated with studying at a public preschool (PR = 1.71; 95% CI 1.19-2.46), a history of dental pain (PR = 1.54; 95% CI 1.07-2.20), and the occurrence of TDI (PR = 1.52; 95% CI 1.12-2.06). CONCLUSIONS: Pain symptoms and the occurrence of TDI can exert an influence on the development of functional limitations. With regard to socioeconomic factors, studying at a public preschool can influence difficulty speaking in children.
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária , Traumatismos Dentários , Brasil , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Saúde Bucal , Prevalência , Qualidade de Vida , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
This article aims to characterize the mechanical behaviour of the Flutter VRP1, a respiratory physiotherapy device designed to aid sputum clearance of the airways of patients. The device resembles a smoking pipe with a conical cavity containing a stainless steel sphere which floats up and down while the patient comes with a forced expiration through it. The sphere's oscillatory movement is function of the air flow rate and angular orientation of the device. When the sphere's oscillatory frequency matches the natural frequency of the patient's chestwall+abdomen system, it will produce resonance which, in turn, will enhance sputum clearance. A dynamical model of the Flutter was formulated and an experimental setup was assembled in order to study the oscillatory frequency of the sphere under different conditions of air flow rate, fluid pressure, angular orientation and sphere's material and weight. Interesting results presented by this article point to eventual mechanical optimization of the device and show information that could be beneficial to the professional of the respiratory physiotherapy.