RESUMO
Copper molybdate nanoplates were synthesized by a sonochemical process at room temperature, which we report as a simple and cost-effective route. Structural analysis of the material by the Rietveld method of X-ray diffraction (XRD) data revealed lindgrenite Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 in a single-phase structure. All the vibrational modes characteristic of the space group were identified by Raman vibrational and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopies. The profile obtained for N2 adsorption/desorption was type III hysteresis, characteristic of mesoporous materials, with a surface area of 70.77(1) m2 g-1. The micrographs of the material obtained by scanning electron microscopy showed nanoplates with nanometric sizes and an anisotropic growth aspect. The catalytic activity of lindgrenite was evaluated by esterifying oleic acid with methanol, showing high conversion rate to methyl oleate and good catalyst stability after seven recycling cycles. Above all, the best catalytic performance was reached when we optimized parameters such as oleic acid:methanol molar ratio of 1:5, 5% of catalyst dosage, and reaction time of 5 h, resulting in 98.38% of conversion at 413 K. Therefore, sonochemically synthesized lindgrenite proved to be a high potential material for biofuel production by oleic acid esterification.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Non-healing venous leg ulcers (VLUs) have a significant effect on patients' quality of life and substantially increase expenditures in health-care systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the Calendula officinalis extract, Plenusdermax, in the treatment of VLUs. METHOD: Patients treated with Calendula officinalis extract (n=38) and control patients (n=19) were evaluated every two weeks for 30 weeks or until their ulcers healed. Assessments included determination of the wound area by planimetry, infection control, and evaluation of the clinical aspects of the wounds. The percentage of healing velocity per week (%HVw), taking the initial area at baseline into account, was also determined. RESULTS: The proportion of the treatment patients achieving complete epithelialisation was 72 % and 32 % in the treatment and control groups, respectively. The average healing time was approximately 12 weeks in the treatment group and 25 % in control patients. Patients with ulcers treated with Calendula officinalis extract had a significant 4-fold increase in percentage healing velocity per week, 7.4 %, compared with 1.7 % in the control group. No adverse events were observed during the Calendula officinalis extract treatment. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that Calendula officinalis extract is an effective treatment for VLUs. DECLARATION OF INTEREST: The authors have no conflict of interest.
Assuntos
Calendula , Úlcera da Perna/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Úlcera Varicosa/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medição da Dor , Estudos Prospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
AIM: To analyse the implications of the political devices of the Brazilian National Humanization Policy, Singular Therapeutic Project and Reference Team and Matrix Support, for nursing as a professional discipline. BACKGROUND: The Brazilian Unified Health System, SUS-Brazil, has as its principles regarding health care: universal access at all levels of care; equality and non-discrimination; integrality; community participation; and political and administrative decentralization, regionalization, and hierarchization. The National Humanization Policy is a public health policy that serves as the methodological apparatus for the application of the SUS-Brazil principles. Reference Teams refers to inter- and transdisciplinary/professional teams. These team approaches are associated with increased quality of care. METHODS: Qualitative lexical content policy analysis of the official documents for the Brazilian National Humanization Policy. FINDINGS: The Reference Team model that is used to carry out Singular Therapeutic Projects leads to discussion of disciplinary boundaries in the context of health care. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY: The Brazilian National Humanization Policy demands inclusion of various kinds of knowledge and networking. Research is needed to elucidate the nature of nursing care and its distinctive character in relation to the work objectives of other professional disciplines.
Assuntos
Atenção à Saúde , Humanismo , Cuidados de Enfermagem , Política , Brasil , Política de Saúde , Humanos , Formulação de PolíticasRESUMO
Con el propósito de establecer la frecuencia de anticuerpos IgA e IgM anti-C-trachomatis en mujeres embarazadas se realizó un estudio en 84 mujeres con esa condición, en edades comprendidas entre 14 y 43 años, que acudieron a la consulta prenatal, del Servicio Autónomo Hospital Universitario Antonio Patricio de Alcalá, en Cumaná, estado Sucre, Venezuela, durante el período marzo-junio de 2006. Para ello se obtuvieron 84 muestras de suero para la determinación de anticuerpos IgA e IgM anti C-trachomatis a través del método de inmunoabsorción ligado a enzimas ELISA (Diagnostic Automation INC). Del total de muestras analizadas 16 (19,05 por ciento) y 55 (65,48 por ciento) resultaron positivas para la determinación de anticuerpos IgA e IgM anti C-trachomatis respectivamente. No se encontró asociación entre la presencia de estos anticuerpos con la edad de las pacientes, aunque el mayor número de pacientes positivas se ubicó en el intervalo de edades comprendidas entre 14 a 23 años. Asimismo al asociarse las manifestaciones clínicas genitales con la presencia de anticuerpos IgA e IgM anti C- trachomatis no se encontraron valores estadísticamente significativos. Por lo anteriormente expuesto se concluye que la infección genital por Chlamydia trachomatis en mujeres embarazadas es extremadamente frecuente, de manera especial en las edades comprendidas entre 24 a 33 años, y ocurre habitualmente en forma asintomática con las graves repercusiones que esto acarrea a la paciente, al feto y a su pareja.
In order to establish the frequency of IgA and IgM anti-C. Trachomatis antibodies in expectant women, a study was made of 84 women between the ages of 14 and 43, who attended prenatal consults in the Autonomous Service at the University Hospital Antonio Patricio of Alcalá, Cumaná, State of Sucre, during the March-June period, 2006. 84 serum samples were obtained to determine IgA and IgM anti-C. trachomatis antibodies using the immunoabsorption method connected to ELISA enzymes (Diagnostic Automation INC). Of the total samples studied, 16 (19.05 percent) and 55 (65.48 percent) resulted positive for the IgA and IgM anti-C. trachomatis antibodies, respectively. No association was found between the presence of these antibodies and the age of the patients, although the greater number of positive patients was in the 14 to 23 year age interval. Likewise, no statistically significant values were found between the association of clinical genital manifestations and the presence of IgA and IgM anti C- trachomatis antibodies; therefore, it was shown that Chlamydia trachomatis is presented asymptomatically in most cases. Conclusions were that genital infection by Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnant women is extremely frequent, especially for ages between 24 and 33 years, and it occurs habitually in an asymptomatic form with the serious repercussions that this produces on the patient, the fetus and the partner.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Gravidez , Chlamydia trachomatis/virologia , Doenças dos Genitais Femininos/patologia , Imunoglobulina A/análise , Imunoglobulina M/análise , Lesões Pré-Natais/patologia , Ginecologia , Saúde PúblicaRESUMO
Se evaluaron 356 muestras de sangre de individuos aparentemente sanos, que acudieron en calidad de donantes al Banco de Sangre del Hospital Universitario Antonio Patricio de Alcalá Cumaná, estado Sucre para la prevalencia de varias enfermedades de trasmisión sanguínea. Se determinó la presencia de anticuerpos por ELISA contra el core (anti-HBc) y antígeno de superficie (HBsAg) del virus de la hepatitis B, contra el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC), contra el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y contra Trypanosoma cruzi. Además, se efectuó la prueba de anticuerpos no treponémicos contra la sífilis y antígenos de Plasmodium falciparum y Plasmodium vivax. Del total de pacientes, 84 (23,6 por ciento) presentaron positividad para uno o más marcadores, siendo la distribución: 41(11,52 por ciento) reactivas para el Anti-HBc, 9 (2,53 por ciento) para HBsAg, 2 (0,56 por ciento) para VHC, 1 (0,28 por ciento) para T. cruzi y 31 (8,71 por ciento) para VDRL. Para VIH y Plasmodium no se encontraron casos positivos. Estos resultados demuestran que la población estudiada puede estar dentro del grupo clasificado como de alto riesgo para transmitir el VHB, sin excluir a las otras patologías que no deja de ser importante su despistaje para evitar así el riesgo de propagación de infecciones.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Sangue , Transfusão de Sangue , Doenças Transmissíveis , Hepatite , HIV , Prevalência , Trypanosoma cruziRESUMO
An ATP diphosphohydrolase was identified in the plasma membranes isolated from promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. Both ATP and ADP were hydrolysed at similar rates by the enzyme. Other nucleotides such as UTP, GTP and CTP were also degraded, revealing a broad substrate specificity. Adding ATP and ADP simultaneously, the amount of hydrolysis achieved was compatible with the presence of a single enzyme. ATPase activity was not affected by addition of vanadate, ouabain, thapsigargin, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, oligomycin and bafilomycin A, thus excluding involvement of P-, F- and V-type ATPases. The effects of pH in the range 6.5-8.5 were examined using ATP or p-NPP as substrate. At pH 7.4, the phosphatase activity decreased, and did not show a significant contribution to ATP hydrolysis. In addition, the enzyme was not inhibited by levamisole and ammonium molybdate, excluding alkaline phosphatase and nucleotidase activities, respectively. Sodium azide (5-10 mM) caused inhibition of the ATP and ADP hydrolysis in a dose-dependent manner. Calcium was the best activating metal ion for both ATPase and ADPase activities. Ultrastructural cytochemical microscopy showed ATP diphosphohydrolase on the surface and flagellar pocket of the parasite. We have proposed that L. amazonensis ATP diphosphohydrolase may participate in the salvage pathway of nucleosides.
Assuntos
Apirase/metabolismo , Leishmania/enzimologia , Difosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Trifosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Animais , Apirase/antagonistas & inibidores , Apirase/isolamento & purificação , Cálcio/química , Membrana Celular/enzimologia , Membrana Celular/ultraestrutura , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Feminino , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Leishmania/ultraestrutura , Levamisol/farmacologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Microscopia Eletrônica , Molibdênio/química , Azida Sódica/química , Especificidade por SubstratoRESUMO
A genomic clone encoding the gamma-kafirin gene from sorghum was isolated and sequenced. A 2938 bp sequenced fragment includes an intronless open reading frame of 636 nucleotides encoding a putative polypeptide of 212 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of gamma-kafirin with the published sequences of gamma-prolamins of maize, and Coix revealed highly conserved domains. The N-terminal region of these proteins contains the conserved hexapeptide PPPVHL, which is repeated eight times in gamma-zein, four times in gamma-kafirin and three times in gamma-coixin. The number of PPPVHL repeats accounts predominantly for the differences in the molecular weights of gamma-prolamins. Several putative regulatory sequences common to the gamma-kafirin and gamma-zein genes were identified in both the 5' and the 3' flanking regions. Putative GCN4-like regulatory sequences were found at positions -192 and -476 in the 5' flanking region of gamma-kafirin. In the 3' noncoding region, three putative polyadenylation signals, two AATAAT and one AATGAA, were found at positions +658, +716, and +785, respectively. In order to investigate the role of the putative GCN4-like motifs and other possible cis-acting element(s) of the gamma-kafirin promoter, a series of deleted and chimeric promoter constructs were introduced into maize, Coix and sorghum tissues by particle bombardment. Histochemical analysis of beta-glucuronidase (GUS) activity in different tissues indicated that the element(s) responsible for tissue specificity is probably located in the 285-bp proximal region of the promoter, while the remaining promoter sequence seems to carry the element(s) responsible for the quantitative response.