RESUMO

PURPOSES: The main purpose of this study was to assess the measurements and shape of the sella turcica by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to associate the data to skeletal class II and class III patients, including correlations with gender, age and measurements of the anterior cranial base. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A trained examiner specialist in dental radiology selected and evaluated randomly 95 CBCT images of pre-orthognathic surgery patients, 60 (63.2%) being female and 35 (36.8%) male with age between 16 and 57 years. All images were evaluated to determine the size, shape and volume of the sella turcica. The anterior cranial base, represented by the S-N line (sella-nasion), was also measured. RESULTS: Of these 95 patients, 48 (50.5%) had class III facial skeletal pattern, whereas 47 (49.5%) had class II. No statistically significant differences were found between class II and class III patients in the measurements and shape of the sella turcica (P > 0.05). The diameter and volume of the sella turcica had higher values in female patients, whereas the measurements of the anterior cranial base were higher in males (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Therefore, one can conclude that measurements of the sella turcica are not reliable parameters to evaluate whether a class II or class III patient will or will not need orthognathic surgery.

Assuntos

Tomada de Decisão Clínica/métodos , Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle/cirurgia , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/cirurgia , Cirurgia Ortognática/métodos , Sela Túrcica/anatomia & histologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Cefalometria/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sela Túrcica/diagnóstico por imagem , Fatores Sexuais , Base do Crânio/anatomia & histologia , Base do Crânio/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto Jovem

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To compare peripheral bone mineral density alterations among Brazilian postmenopausal women from three ethnic groups considering age and body mass index influence; to correlate their bone mineral density with the mandibular cortical index (MCI); and to evaluate the influence of age, body mass index and ethnicity in the MCI using risk factor analysis. BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis risk is known to have ethical influences. However, little is known about the differences in ethnicity in radiomorphometric indices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 150 postmenopausal women with different ethnicities (Caucasian, Asian and Afro-descendant) who underwent peripheral dual X-ray absorptiometry and panoramic examination were included. Bone mineral density and MCI were assessed. Adjusted odds ratio analyses were performed on bone density and MCI considering the effect of age, ethnicity and body mass index. The correlations between the MCI and the dual X-ray absorptiometry results were made. RESULTS: Old age, low body mass index and non-Afro-descendant were associated with low bone density. Compared with Afro-descendants, Asians and Caucasians have higher chances of having decreased bone mass. For the MCI, statistical analysis showed that age is the only variable associated with osteoporotic alterations in the mandible. Furthermore, an inverse correlation was found between the MCI and the T-scores. CONCLUSION: Bone density is higher in Brazilian Afro-descendant women than in Caucasians and Asians. Patient's age is associated with bone density and the MCI. The mandibular cortical index is inversely correlated with the peripheral densitometry results within the study ethnic population.

Assuntos

Etnicidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/etnologia , Absorciometria de Fóton , Adulto , Idoso , Povo Asiático/estatística & dados numéricos , População Negra/estatística & dados numéricos , Densidade Óssea , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Mandíbula/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/epidemiologia , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/patologia , Pós-Menopausa , Fatores de Risco , População Branca/estatística & dados numéricos

RESUMO

AIMS: To assess the role of ultrasonography as a possible tool for diagnosis of intra-osseous lesions. METHODS: Our sample comprised five macerated pig jaws. The regions of bony crypts of third molars were examined on both sides, totaling 10 examinations. The degrees of difficulty for both ultrasound image visualization and bone translucency were rated by two groups of evaluators (i.e. dental radiologists and physician ultrasonographers). RESULTS: Our results showed that it is possible to detect images of the intra-osseous cavity at a low-degree difficulty by using both radiographic and ultrasonic techniques (46.6% and 43.3%, respectively). However, the crypts were not fully detected by both groups (16.6% and 13.3%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that ultrasonography is a useful method for evaluation of intra-osseous lesions in jaws, provided that the cortical bone is thin enough to allow ultrasound waves to pass through.