RESUMO
The aim of this in vitro study was to quantitatively evaluate the internal gap of resin composites of high-and low-viscosity used in single- and incremental-fill techniques in Class I cavities exposed to thermal cycling (TC) using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Cavities of 4-mm depth and 3-mm diameter were prepared in 36 third molars randomly distributed into four groups, according to viscosity of restorative resin-based composite (high or low viscosity, all from 3M Oral Care) and technique application (bulk or incremental fill) used (n=9): RC, high-viscosity, incremental-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek Z350 XT Universal Restorative); BF, high-viscosity, bulk-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek One Bulk Fill); LRC, lowviscosity, incremental-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek Z350 XT Flowable Universal Restorative); and LBF, low-viscosity, bulk-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek Flowable Restorative). Single Bond Universal Adhesive system (3M Oral Care) was used in all the experimental groups. The incremental-fill technique was used for RC and LRC groups (2-mm increments), and a single-layer technique was used for BF and LBF groups, as recommended by the manufacturer. The internal adaptation of the resin at all dentin walls was evaluated before and after TC (5000 cycles between 5°C and 55°C) using OCT images. Five images of each restored tooth were obtained. Images were analyzed using ImageJ software that measured the entire length of the gaps at the dentin-restoration interface. The length of gaps (µm) was analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA and the Tukey tests (α=0.05). There was a significant interaction between material types and TC (p=0.006), and a significant difference among all material types (p<0.0001), before and after TC (p<0.0001). Increased internal gaps at the dentin-restoration interface were noticed after TC for all groups. RC presented the lowest value of internal gap before and after TC, while LBF showed the highest values of internal gap after TC. In conclusion, TC negatively affected the integrity of internal gap, whereas high-viscosity, incremental-fill, resin-based composite presented better performance in terms of internal adaptation than low-viscosity, bulk-fill materials in Class I cavities.
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária , Restauração Dentária Permanente , Resinas Compostas/química , Resinas Compostas/uso terapêutico , Materiais Dentários/química , Restauração Dentária Permanente/métodos , Humanos , Teste de Materiais , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , ViscosidadeRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate in fibroblast cultures the direct cytotoxic effects of etch-and-rinse, self-etch, and universal adhesive systems. The sterile glass cover slips (n = 3) were then immersed in culture medium to obtain the eluates for the experimental groups: (1) Adper™ Single Bond 2; (2) Ambar; (3) Adper™ Scotchbond™ Multi-Purpose; (4) Scotchbond™ Universal; (5) Ambar Universal; and (6) OptiBond All-In-One. As a negative control, sterile glass cover slips were immersed in culture medium only. After 24 h, the eluate obtained was applied on fibroblast culture. Cell viability and cell morphology were evaluated by MTT assay and SEM, respectively. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α = 0.05). All adhesive systems except universal reduced cell viability in 3T3 cells to between 26.04% and 56.57%, and Scotchbond Universal and Ambar Universal reduced cell viability to 2.13% and 3.57%, respectively, when compared to the negative control. Cytoplasmic membrane shrinkage and cell-free areas with residual membrane fragments from dead cells were observed. In conclusion, improvements in universal adhesive system formulations and their mechanisms of action are not accompanied by increased toxicity compared with those in other systems, warranting commitment to the use of these dentin-pulp complexes.
Assuntos
Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cimentos Dentários/toxicidade , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibroblastos/fisiologia , Células 3T3 , Animais , Membrana Celular/patologia , Forma Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibroblastos/citologia , Formazans/análise , Camundongos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Sais de Tetrazólio/análiseRESUMO
The diacylglycerol-O-transferase 1 gene is a positional and functional candidate for milk composition traits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the segregation of the variable number of tandem repeat polymorphisms in the regulatory region of diacylglycerol-O-transferase 1 gene in a water buffalo herd, and to assess the association of this mutation with milk production traits. For this purpose, 196 Murrah buffalo cows were genotyped by PCR. The association of the marker with total milk, fat, and protein yields at 305 d of lactation, milk fat and protein percentage, and somatic cell scores were evaluated by single-trait analyses using a generalized mixed model. Two segregating alleles were identified in the population. The allele with 2 repeats affected fat percentage favorably. The present results suggest that this polymorphism is an interesting marker to include in the genetic evaluation of buffaloes.
Assuntos
Leite/química , Repetições Minissatélites , Polimorfismo Genético , Alelos , Animais , Búfalos/genética , Diacilglicerol O-Aciltransferase/genética , Diacilglicerol O-Aciltransferase/metabolismo , Gorduras na Dieta/análise , Feminino , Genótipo , Lactação , Proteínas do Leite/análise , Mutação , Fenótipo , Regiões Promotoras GenéticasRESUMO
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: When evaluating skin care products for human skin, quantitative test methods need to be simple, precise and reliable. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), provides high-resolution sectional images of translucent materials to a depth of a few millimeters, a technique usually applied to medical measurements in ophthalmology and dermatology. This study aimed to demonstrate the application of OCT as the main technique for monitoring changes in skin topography during tests of a wrinkle-reduction product in humans. METHODS: We used a commercial OCT apparatus to perform clinical examinations of skin roughness in treated and non-treated sites in the periorbital region of thirty human voluntaries who were using an anti-aging product commercially available: Natura Chronos® Flavonóides de Passiflora 45+ FPS15, from Natura Cosméticos, Brazil. Measurements were performed days 0, 7, 14 and 28 of treatment. Equipment and software allowed real-time recording of skin roughness parameters and wrinkle depths. RESULTS: The OCT measurements have allowed the monitoring of changes in skin roughness, which have shown reduction in treated sites around 10%. The obtained depth distributions also indicate reduction in the occurrence of wrinkles deeper than 170 µm. The verified results are consistent with those typically obtained after successful treatment with modern anti-aging products. CONCLUSION: By using the OCT technique, it was possible to quantify changes in skin roughness and in the distribution of depths of skin wrinkles, with adequate sensitivity. OCT imaging allows the direct visualization of the skin topography with resolution of micrometers, a reliable and interactive tool for clinical use. Therefore, for the first time, we demonstrated the use of OCT technique to verify the efficacy of cosmetic products in real time.
Assuntos
Envelhecimento da Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Envelhecimento da Pele/fisiologia , Creme para a Pele/administração & dosagem , Pele/citologia , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/métodos , Administração Tópica , Adulto , Monitoramento de Medicamentos/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
The diversity of papillomavirus (PV) found in bovine cutaneous warts from Brazilian cattle was evaluated using the PCR technique with the utilization of consensus primers MY09/11 and by PCR using Bovine Papillomavirus (BPV) type-specific primers followed by sequencing. Eleven cutaneous warts from 6 cattle herds were selected. Six warts were positive for the presence of PV. The presence of BPV types 1, 2, 3, 6 and feline sarcoid-associated PV (FeSarPV) in cutaneous wart lesions, as well as the presence of co-infections, was found. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that FeSarPV is described co-infecting a cutaneous wart in Brazil. The present study confirms the previous finding of FeSarPV infecting cattle. These results show the necessity of more studies to investigate the diversity of PV in cattle, its diversity and the possibility of co-infection in cattle and other animals.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/veterinária , Dermatopatias Virais/veterinária , Verrugas/veterinária , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Doenças do Gato/epidemiologia , Doenças do Gato/virologia , Gatos , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Coinfecção/veterinária , Coinfecção/virologia , Feminino , Masculino , Papillomaviridae/classificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Filogenia , Sarcoidose/epidemiologia , Sarcoidose/veterinária , Sarcoidose/virologia , Dermatopatias Virais/epidemiologia , Dermatopatias Virais/virologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/veterinária , Neoplasias Cutâneas/virologia , Verrugas/epidemiologia , Verrugas/virologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Heart transplantation (OHT) has traditionally been contraindicated in the presence of severe pulmonary hypertension (PH), as detected by right heart catheterization. Noninvasive methods are still not reliably accurate to make this evaluation. OBJECTIVES: Determine the efficacy of echo Doppler analysis for the diagnosis of severe PH. METHODS: One hundred thirty patients (mean age = 42 +/- 15 years, 82 men) showed severe left ventricular dysfunction (mean ejection fraction = 29 +/- 12%; functional class III-IV). We excluded patients with atrial fibrillation, heart failure secondary to congenital disease, and valvulopathy. The pulmonary parameters defined as severe PH were: systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) >or= 60 mm Hg; a mean transpulmonary gradient >or= 15; or pulmonary vascular resistance >or= 5 Wood units. Patients underwent a right heart catheterization using a Swan-Ganz catheter to measure hemodynamic parameters and to noninvasively estimate right-sided pressures from spectral Doppler recordings of tricuspid regurgitation velocity (right ventricular systolic pressure [RVsP]). A Pearson correlation of sPAP was obtained with RVsP by; the sensitivity of RVsP for the diagnosis of PH was determined by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS: A good correlation between sPAP and RVsP was obtained by Pearson correlation analysis (r = 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50-0.75; P < .001). The ROC curve analysis showed a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 37.2%, (95% CI 0.69-0.83, P < .0001) of a RVsP < 45 mm Hg (cutoff) on the exclusion of severe PH. CONCLUSIONS: The cutoff of RVsP < 45 mm Hg, on noninvasive echo Doppler evaluation of PH is an efficient method to replace invasive heart catheterization in OHT candidates.
Assuntos
Endossonografia/métodos , Transplante de Coração/fisiologia , Hipertensão Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Volume Sistólico/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Pressão Sanguínea , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Criança , Contraindicações , Ecocardiografia/métodos , Feminino , Ventrículos do Coração/fisiopatologia , Hemodinâmica , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sístole , Insuficiência da Valva Tricúspide/diagnóstico por imagem , Resistência VascularRESUMO
The spatial distribution and behaviour of the global fallout (137)Cs in the tropical, subtropical and equatorial soil-plant systems were investigated at several upland sites in Brazil selected according to their climate characteristics, and to the agricultural importance. To determine the (137)Cs deposition density, undisturbed soil profiles were taken from 23 environments situated between the latitudes of 02 degrees N and 30 degrees S. Sampling sites located along to the equator exhibited (137)Cs deposition densities with an average value of 219Bqm(-2). Extremely low deposition densities of 1.3Bqm(-2) were found in the Amazon region. In contrast, the southern part of Brazil, located between latitudes of 20 degrees S and 34 degrees S, exhibited considerably higher deposition densities ranging from 140Bqm(-2) to 1620Bqm(-2). To examine the (137)Cs soil-to-plant transfer in the Brazilian agricultural products, 29 mainly tropical plant species, and corresponding soil samples were collected at 43 sampling locations in nine federal states of Brazil. Values of the (137)Cs concentration factor plant/soil exhibited a large range from 0.020 (beans) to 6.2 (cassava). Samples of some plant species originated from different collecting areas showed different concentration factors. The (137)Cs content of some plants collected was not measurable due to a very low (137)Cs concentration level found in the upper layers of the incremental soils. Globally, the soil-to-plant transfer of (137)Cs can be described by a logarithmic normal distribution with a geometric mean of 0.3 and a geometric standard deviation of 3.9.
Assuntos
Radioisótopos de Césio/metabolismo , Clima , Plantas/metabolismo , Poluentes Radioativos do Solo/metabolismo , BrasilRESUMO
In this work, an experimental study of the radiation beam characteristics of the photon beams produced by commercial irradiator that uses a single collimated 137Cs source is performed. A set of lead attenuators are placed at the exit window of the irradiator to vary the air Kerma that is required to cover the instrument scales at a particular calibration distance. The results strongly enhance the findings of previous studies that a single source with appropriate attenuation and collimation is a practical solution for calibration laboratories with an acceptable overall accuracy.
Assuntos
Radioisótopos de Césio/análise , Radioisótopos de Césio/química , Exposição Ambiental/análise , Exposição Ambiental/normas , Proteção Radiológica/instrumentação , Proteção Radiológica/normas , Radiometria/instrumentação , Brasil , Calibragem/normas , Doses de Radiação , Radiometria/normas , Padrões de Referência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Ingestion of bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum v. arachnoideum) is associated with digestive tract cancer in different regions of Japan, Venezuela and Brazil. In view of reports that dietary bracken fern causes chromosomal instability in cattle, the clastogenic effect of bracken fern was investigated, in a preliminary study, in peripheral lymphocytes obtained from habitual consumers and a control group of non-consumers, which were carefully investigated about cancer history or family cancer history, negative in both cases, using protocols comparable to those previously described in studies in cattle raised on bracken pastures. Cytogenetic analysis showed significant increased levels of chromosomal abnormalities, such as chromatid breaks, in cultured peripheral lymphocytes of the consumer group. There was no correlation with subjects, gender, smoking habits or alcohol consumption, and the only correlation was with prolonged exposure to dietary bracken.
RESUMO
The aetiology of mouth ulcers is diverse and may include several types of trauma, systemic disease and infection. The size, depth, outline, base, aspect of the floor, pain, time of evolution and resolution of oral ulcers are discussed. Both past and present medical history, biopsy, blood tests and microbiological tests are also considered in order to assure precise identification. This paper reports a case of a lip ulcer caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Assuntos
Infecções por Klebsiella/diagnóstico , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Doenças Labiais/microbiologia , Úlceras Orais/microbiologia , Idoso , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Epitélio/microbiologia , Humanos , Infecções por Klebsiella/cirurgia , Terapia a Laser , Doenças Labiais/cirurgia , Masculino , Neoplasias Bucais/diagnóstico , Úlceras Orais/cirurgiaRESUMO
Leprosy is one of the most common diseases of peripheral nerves in the world. In Brazil it is particularly frequent, being a major health problem. In tuberculoid leprosy the ulnar nerve is the most common affected nerve. Sometimes there are no skin changes. In these cases in spite of nerve thickening only the nerve biopsy is capable to make a specific diagnosis. We performed a biopsy in the dorsal sensory branch of the ulnar nerve in the hand in 17 patients with ulnar palsy with thickening of the nerve in the elbow, without skin changes. The pathological findings consisted mainly of: loss of fibers (14 cases), inflammatory infiltration (13), fibrosis (12), demyelination and remyelination (9), presence of granuloma (6) and presence of bacilli (5 cases). We conclude that in case of ulnar nerve palsy in leprosy without skin changes, the biopsy of the dorsal sensory branch of this nerve in the hand is a good procedure for the diagnosis of leprosy.
Assuntos
Mãos/inervação , Hanseníase Tuberculoide/patologia , Paralisia/etiologia , Paralisia/patologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/etiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/patologia , Nervo Ulnar/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Biópsia , Feminino , Humanos , Hanseníase Tuberculoide/complicações , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/diagnósticoRESUMO
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of enalapril and nifedipine on renal transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) production and on the rate of urinary TGF-beta excretion in rats with subtotal renal ablation. After subtotal nephrectomy some animals were treated with enalapril or nifedipine. Renal cortical TGF-beta mRNA levels were 68% higher in untreated nephrectomized rats (p < 0.05) and 39% higher in rats treated with nifedipine (p < 0.05) compared with controls. There was no difference in renal cortical TGF-beta mRNA content between the nephrectomized rats treated with enalapril and sham animals, showing that enalapril treatment prevented the increase of TGF-beta mRNA in nephrectomized rats. The rate of urinary TGF-beta excretion was 2.2 +/- 0.8 pg/min in sham animals, 61.5 +/- 40.1 pg/min in untreated nephrectomized rats, 9.6 +/- 4.2 pg/min in nephrectomized rats treated with enalapril, and 55.2 +/- 24.46 pg/min in rats treated with nifedipine. The immunohistochemical reaction for TGF-beta in the renal cortex was less intense in the nephrectomized rats treated with enalapril than in the other groups of rats with subtotal renal ablation. These data show that enalapril induces a decrease in renal TGF-beta production and in urinary TGF-beta excretion in rats with subtotal renal ablation, an effect associated with the protective action of this treatment on renal structure and function and suggest that the determination of the rate of urinary TGF-beta could be a useful procedure for the evaluation of disease progression and therapeutic efficacy in the remnant kidney model.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/farmacologia , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/farmacologia , Enalapril/farmacologia , Glomerulosclerose Segmentar e Focal/urina , Córtex Renal/metabolismo , Nifedipino/farmacologia , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/biossíntese , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/urina , Albuminúria/urina , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Progressão da Doença , Glomerulosclerose Segmentar e Focal/fisiopatologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Córtex Renal/fisiopatologia , Microscopia , Nefrectomia , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , RatosRESUMO
The idiopathic dysfunction of the cricopharyngeal muscle is a rare disease. Limited understanding of the pharyngoesophageal physiology and physiopathology make the management of this disease complex. We have studied three patients with idiopathic crycopharyngeal dysfunction submitted to cricomyotomy. One patient did not present improvement after surgery. The authors discuss the difficulties in making the diagnosis., the treatment and the selection of patients who will benefit from this surgical procedure.
Assuntos
Transtornos de Deglutição/fisiopatologia , Músculos Faríngeos/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Transtornos de Deglutição/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtornos de Deglutição/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Manometria , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Músculos Faríngeos/diagnóstico por imagem , Músculos Faríngeos/cirurgia , Radiografia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Morbidity due to cervical and breast cancer in Brazilian woman is high, despite the fact that these pathologies are preventable when detected early. The coverage of public health in this disease is unsatisfactory specially if one takes into account the fact that the techniques used for early detection and prevention of those types of cancer are simple and inexpensive. We observed that not many activities have been developed aiming at the education of women with regard to self-knowledge of their bodies. As a result, we prepared in 1993 a workshop entitled "Woman, a trip through her body" comprising 6 group dynamics where there is an intense participation of every woman as it is a very exciting process. The workshop is carried on by one member of the faculty staff, three nurses and nursing students of Federal University of Espírito Santo. There are 30 participants per workshop each one receiving a name tag. This workshop is composed of the following group dynamics which are developed in a cosy and informal atmosphere: Dynamic 1-Pocket History; Dynamic 2-Hands Touch; Dynamic 3-Drawing/ Modelling; Dynamic 4-Trip through the Body; Dynamic 5-Self-examination; Dynamic 6-Body Feeling.
Assuntos
Educação em Saúde/organização & administração , Autocuidado , Saúde da Mulher , Neoplasias da Mama/prevenção & controle , Currículo , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controleRESUMO
Twenty children, presenting 66 proximal carious lesions in 60 primary molars, were selected to receive composite resin tunnel restorations. Thirty of these teeth were expected to exfoliate within 6 months (group I); in the remaining 30 teeth exfoliation was expected within 1 year (group II). All teeth received tunnel preparations, which were then restored with a posterior composite resin. The restorations were evaluated after 6 months and after 1 year through each of the following methods: bitewing radiographic examination, clinical examination with a probe and mirror, and direct examination of proximal surfaces after tooth extraction. The occlusal portions of the restorations were considered to be excellent both after 6 months and 1 year. Radiographic examinations and direct examinations (performed after extraction of teeth) did not reveal the same percentages of secondary caries in the proximal portion of restorations. Fracture of the marginal crest reached 3% during the first 6 months, but fracture was absent during the subsequent 6 months.
Assuntos
Bis-Fenol A-Glicidil Metacrilato , Resinas Compostas , Preparo da Cavidade Dentária/métodos , Restauração Dentária Permanente/métodos , Dente Molar , Cimentos de Resina , Dente Decíduo , Criança , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Seguimentos , HumanosRESUMO
The authors, considering the radiographic complementary survey importance in Operative Dentistry, has made an analysis on the three main radiologic technics (Bite-Wing and Bisecting Angle and Paralleling Technic), in an attempt to compare the per cent magnification grade of the carious lesion radiographic image, by measurements taken at the tooth sections, and over the patient's radiographs, to contribute with a more accurate diagnosis performed by the dentist.
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia Dentária/métodos , Dente Pré-Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Dente Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Ampliação Radiográfica , Radiografia InterproximalRESUMO
The author relate a case of ameloblastic changing in an odontologenic cyst located in the anterior region of the mandible, in a man fifty-four years old. They comment the importance of a complete examination when someone finds a pathology.
Assuntos
Ameloblastoma/etiologia , Neoplasias Mandibulares/etiologia , Cistos Odontogênicos/complicações , Ameloblastoma/patologia , Transformação Celular Neoplásica , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Mandibulares/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cistos Odontogênicos/patologiaRESUMO
Radiographic diagnostic methods have been used in all Dentistry areas as a important complement in diagnostic. This review updates its use, limitation, advantage, disadvantage, specific in periodontal diseases after vaste bibliographic review.