RESUMO
The present study involves the analysis of some saliva components (SC) and serum components in patients with oral candidosis topically treated with Ketoconazole 2% (K) or Nystatin 100,000 IU (N). Twenty-four male and female patients, age range 39-82 years, were included in the study. A double-blind study was undertaken in which the patients were divided into 2 treatment groups. These groups were compared with a control group (CG) of 16 healthy patients, both male and female, age-matched with the treated groups. The parameters evaluated were oral mucous membrane lesion index (MLI), CFU of Candida, saliva flow rate, protein-bound Fe (Fe-prot), Fe-prot binding capacity (Fe-prot cap), IgAs, peroxidase activity (PA), hypothiocyanite and thiocyanite. The values of Candida CFU and MLI were significantly reduced in patients treated with K and N. The pre-treatment values of SC as compared to the CG revealed a reduction in Fe-prot and Fe-prot cap. These parameters reach values similar to control towards the end of the treatment. The PA was significantly higher in candidosis patients and fell to control values with treatment. The other SC and serum components did not exhibit significant differences with the CG. Patients with oral candidosis treated locally exhibit not only an improvement in clinical manifestations but also a return to control values of altered SC.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos/administração & dosagem , Candidíase Bucal/tratamento farmacológico , Cetoconazol/administração & dosagem , Nistatina/administração & dosagem , Administração Tópica , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Análise de Variância , Candidíase Bucal/sangue , Candidíase Bucal/microbiologia , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Ferro/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Peroxidase/metabolismo , Ligação Proteica , Saliva/química , Saliva/metabolismo , Tiocianatos/análise , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The results of a study of caries in a 3 year old cohort of children performed by the CLACyD (Spanish abbreviation by initials for Nutrition, Growth and Development Program of Córdoba) are analysed. The prevalence of caries was 19.7% for boys and 16.1% for girls. Dmf-t and dmf-s values were 0.55-0.75% for girls and 0.73-1.22% for boys. The most affected element was the first mandibular molar (16.30% of the population). Extracted and filled elements accounted for 1.8 and 5.9% of the dmf-t index. According to the Caries Analysis System, a higher prevalence of the PF (pits and fissures) pattern and the AM (anterior maxillary bone) pattern was observed as compared to the PP (proximal posterior) and BL (buccolingual) patterns. The percentage distribution of BL lesions over all the patterns exhibited statistically significant (p = 0.05) differences between girls and boys. The PF and PP patterns were more severe in boys (p = 0.0006 and p = 0.002 respectively). Based on the present data we conclude that this population exhibits marked prevalence which can rapidly increase and pose a threat to temporary and mixed dentitions. We herein recommend preventive measures of widespread use (regarding toothbrushing, and eating habits with particular reference to carbohydrate consumption) and preventive-therapeutic treatments for diseased patients (topical applications of fluoride, sealing agents and active treatment of caries).
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Argentina/epidemiologia , Pré-Escolar , Índice CPO , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , PrevalênciaRESUMO
A one-year longitudinal survey was carried out on a sample of the Cordoba City 4-year old kindergarten population (n = 820); so as to determine the role of several variables upon the incidence of caries. The dmf-t, dmf-s, oral hygiene and oral health indexes as well as incidence rates and caries relative risks of caries were inversely related to the socioeconomic level (SEL) of the children involved. Thus in the SEL III (typical proletariat, non-typical proletariat and sub-proletariat) children, the relative risk of caries was almost five times higher (RR = 4.9) than in the SEL I (entrepreneureal and managerial bourgeoisie) children. In SEL I, almost all new lesions occurred on smooth surfaces (61.2%), while in SEL III the molar occlusal faces were mainly affected (66.3%). Daily sugar intake was higher in SEL III children but experience of caries showed poor correlation to the amount (r = 0.40) and frequency (r = 0.52) of carbohydrate intake. No significant interlevel differences were observed in the biochemical salivary parameters analyzed. Assisted toothbrushing and fluoride topications strongly lowered the incidence of caries among SEL III children, also making the corresponding rates fall almost to SEL I values (0.31, 0.23 and 0.22 vs. 0.21). In conclusion, SEL III children should be treated prophylactically with effective preventive measures, because of their susceptibility to caries. Such preventive measures include assisted toothbrushing and fluoride topications.
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Inquéritos de Saúde Bucal , Argentina/epidemiologia , Pré-Escolar , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Carboidratos da Dieta , Humanos , Incidência , Estudos Longitudinais , Classe SocialRESUMO
The serum and saliva components of 36 chronic Candidosis patients, both male and female, ages 38-82 who attended the Department of Clinical Stomatology were studied. Total Mucous Lesion Index (TMLI) and salivary flow rate were assessed. The following parameters were evaluated: iron bound protein, unsaturated iron binding capacity, peroxidase activity, protein content, OSCN-, SCN-, IgAs, Candida and St. mutans levels and lactobacilli activity. Candidosis patients exhibited higher Candida CFU values and increased activity of the peroxidase system (p < 0.05) whereas unsaturated iron binding capacity was significantly lower as compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.05). Furthermore, TMLI and Candida CFU values were higher in diseased subjects wearing complete prosthesis as compared to those without complete prosthesis. Diseased subjects with < 1.2 ml/min salivary flow rate exhibited even greater differences with control. This subgroup exhibited a marked reduction in IgAs. The serum components assayed were iron bound protein, unsaturated iron binding capacity, IgG, IgA and IgM. Unsaturated iron binding capacity was significantly lower in the Candidosis group (p = 0.03). Subjects suffering from oral Candidosis display deficiencies in some of their saliva components, evidencing impaired oral defense capacity.
Assuntos
Candidíase Bucal/sangue , Candidíase Bucal/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Candidíase Bucal/microbiologia , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina A Secretora/análise , Isotipos de Imunoglobulinas/sangue , Ferro/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peroxidases/metabolismo , Ligação Proteica , Saliva/química , Proteínas e Peptídeos Salivares/análiseRESUMO
The oral health condition of children and youngsters with Down Syndrome (DS) was evaluated on a sample of 86 mongolic subjects ages 3 to 19, both sexes, residents in the city of Córdoba (Argentina), and compared with control groups. Those persons were attended special educational institutions for the care of that type of disabled individuals. In every age group, the dmf-t and dmf-s indexes were higher in the mongolic children than in the control population, while from the age of 10 onwards the DMF-T and DMF-S of the control population were higher than those of the DS individuals. In spite of this, the scarce participation of the DF component in the mentally disabled showed deficiencies in their dental care. This population exhibited a high frequency of retarded eruption, agenesis, conoidism, Angle's type III malocclusion, posterior cross bite and deficient gingival health. A positive correlation was found between tha activity of Lactobacillus and the amount of Streptococcus and the caries indicators. A high concentration of calcium and secretory IgA was found in the group of mongolic subjects. Our analysis evidences that DS patients are at a disadvantage in relation with healthy individuals in terms of oral health. An early program of preventive measures is proposed (dental hygiene, anti-plaque agents, Therapy of Orofacial Regulation) which would involve the education of parents and teachers.
Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica para a Pessoa com Deficiência , Síndrome de Down , Adolescente , Argentina , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Índice CPO , Cárie Dentária/complicações , Síndrome de Down/complicações , Gengivite/complicações , Humanos , Lactobacillus/isolamento & purificação , Má Oclusão/complicações , Saúde Bucal , Índice Periodontal , Saliva/química , Saliva/microbiologia , Streptococcus mutans/isolamento & purificação , Anormalidades Dentárias/complicaçõesRESUMO
The results of a cross sectional epidemiological survey for the purpose of evaluating the state of dental health of schoolchildren (aged 6-7 and 12-13) living in Sampacho and Porteña, two towns in the Province of Córdoba (Argentina), supplied with drinking water containing quite different levels of fluoride, are described and analized. In Sampacho, F- level is 9.05 mg/l. while in Porteña the concentration is of 0.19 mg/l. The proportion of schoolchildren (aged 6-7 and 12-13) without caries was significaticantly higher in Sampacho than in Porteña, while the dmf-t, dmf-s, DMF-T and DMF-S indexes were considerably higher in the latter place. The severity of caries in children (age 12-13) living in Sampacho ranged from low to moderate (DMF-T = 2.53), whilst in Porteña the range went from moderate to high (DMF-T = 4.41). No cases of dental fluorosis were recorded in Porteña; but in Sampacho, there was a high proportion of children with mild fluorosis (aged 6-7) and mild or severe fluorosis (aged 12-13). Calcium, phosphate, thiocyanate, protein and secretory Ig A salivary levels were similar not only among schoolchildren of both towns but also among those with different experience of caries and different degrees of severity of fluorosis. It is concluded that urgent (preventive and/or curative) sanitary measures are necessary for the purpose of reducing or controlling caries in Porteña as well as dental fluorosis in Sampacho.
Assuntos
Inquéritos de Saúde Bucal , Adolescente , Argentina , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Índice CPO , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Diagnóstico Bucal , Feminino , Fluoretação , Fluoretos/química , Fluorose Dentária/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Distribuição Aleatória , Saliva/química , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
The effects of i.p. piroxicam administration on hepatic glycogen levels and enzymatic activities of key enzymes involved into glycogen metabolism in fed female rats were studied. Liver glycogen concentrations in treated rats decreased with increasing time of treatment and doses of piroxicam administered. The fall in glycogen caused by piroxicam persisted for several days after it was discontinued. Neither nadolol nor phenobarbital administration were able to prevent the depleting effect of piroxicam. In the treated rats, glucose-6-phosphatase, glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase activities remained unchanged respect to control. Also, proportion of phosphorylase in the active (a) form was not significantly affected by successive piroxicam daily doses. In contrast, we demonstrated a decrease in the glycogen synthase in the active I form. This reduction was time-dependent on piroxicam treatment. Further, glucose loads were not capable to restore activity in the synthase enzyme and liver glycogen synthesis in animals treated with piroxicam. The impairment into glycogen metabolism produced by piroxicam administration suggests liver becomes unable to maintain glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, glycogen depletion might produce an impairment in the metabolism of drugs administered simultaneously with piroxicam, because biotransformation of xenobiotics is a process depending on glycogen storage in the liver cells.
Assuntos
Glucose-6-Fosfatase/metabolismo , Glicogênio Sintase/metabolismo , Glicogênio Hepático/metabolismo , Fosforilases/metabolismo , Piroxicam/farmacologia , Animais , Peso Corporal , Feminino , Nadolol/administração & dosagem , Fenobarbital/administração & dosagem , Piroxicam/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
The effects of i.p. piroxicam administration on hepatic glycogen levels and enzymatic activities of key enzymes involved into glycogen metabolism in fed female rats were studied. Liver glycogen concentrations in treated rats decreased with increasing time of treatment and doses of piroxicam administered. The fall in glycogen caused by piroxicam persisted for several days after it was discontinued. Neither nadolol nor phenobarbital administration were able to prevent the depleting effect of piroxicam. In the treated rats, glucose-6-phosphatase, glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase activities remained unchanged respect to control. Also, proportion of phosphorylase in the active (a) form was not significantly affected by successive piroxicam daily doses. In contrast, we demonstrated a decrease in the glycogen synthase in the active I form. This reduction was time-dependent on piroxicam treatment. Further, glucose loads were not capable to restore activity in the synthase enzyme and liver glycogen synthesis in animals treated with piroxicam. The impairment into glycogen metabolism produced by piroxicam administration suggests liver becomes unable to maintain glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, glycogen depletion might produce an impairment in the metabolism of drugs administered simultaneously with piroxicam, because biotransformation of xenobiotics is a process depending on glycogen storage in the liver cells.
RESUMO
The effects of i.p. piroxicam administration on hepatic glycogen levels and enzymatic activities of key enzymes involved into glycogen metabolism in fed female rats were studied. Liver glycogen concentrations in treated rats decreased with increasing time of treatment and doses of piroxicam administered. The fall in glycogen caused by piroxicam persisted for several days after it was discontinued. Neither nadolol nor phenobarbital administration were able to prevent the depleting effect of piroxicam. In the treated rats, glucose-6-phosphatase, glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase activities remained unchanged respect to control. Also, proportion of phosphorylase in the active (a) form was not significantly affected by successive piroxicam daily doses. In contrast, we demonstrated a decrease in the glycogen synthase in the active I form. This reduction was time-dependent on piroxicam treatment. Further, glucose loads were not capable to restore activity in the synthase enzyme and liver glycogen synthesis in animals treated with piroxicam. The impairment into glycogen metabolism produced by piroxicam administration suggests liver becomes unable to maintain glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, glycogen depletion might produce an impairment in the metabolism of drugs administered simultaneously with piroxicam, because biotransformation of xenobiotics is a process depending on glycogen storage in the liver cells.